Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

The appellants, Pahwa Plastics Pvt. Ltd. and related firms, are MSME manufacturers of formaldehyde that obtained Consent to Establish and Consent to Operate from the Haryana State Pollution Control Board but did not secure prior environmental clearance (EC) as required by the 2006 EIA Notification. The Haryana governme…

The Supreme Court examined public‑interest petitions concerning illegal iron‑ore mining in Goa, the validity of the Justice Shah Commission report, and the status of mining leases deemed to have arisen from pre‑1961 Portuguese concessions. It held that the Commission’s report could not be quashed for procedural lapses,…

The Supreme Court examined the liability of Span Motels Pvt. Ltd. (SMPL) for constructing walls and bunds on the banks and bed of the River Beas, which interfered with the river's natural flow and caused environmental degradation. The Court affirmed earlier findings that SMPL's actions violated the public trust doctrin…

The petition, filed under Article 32, sought to stop intensive and semi‑intensive prawn farming in ecologically fragile coastal zones, to prohibit use of waste/wet lands for such farms, and to constitute a national coastal management authority. The Court examined whether modern shrimp aquaculture constitutes a prohibit…

The Rajasthan State Electricity Board (RSEB) operates a thermal power station that draws river water for condenser cooling and discharges it after passing through a neutralisation arrangement that cools the water before release. RSEB was assessed cess under the Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977 a…