Patna High Court
Gangesh Kumar @ Ganesh Kumar@ Gangesh MukhiyaversusThe State of Bihar
- Decided
- Disposal
- ALLOWED
- Bench
- ALOK KUMAR SINHA
Holding
The High Court held that the lower court’s denial of anticipatory bail was unwarranted and set aside the order, directing the release of the appellants on bail.
Summary
The appellants were charged under several sections of the Bihar Non-Statutory (BNS) Act, 2023 and the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 for allegedly assaulting a minor with iron rods, stealing his phone, and hurling caste‑related abuses on the night of 13‑06‑2025. Their anticipatory bail application was rejected by the Exclusive Special Judge. On appeal, the High Court examined whether the alleged caste abuses, occurring at night and not in public view, attracted the SC/ST Act, and noted the 21‑day delay in filing the FIR. The Court found the FIR vague on specific caste slurs and held that the delay did not justify denial of bail. Consequently, the High Court set aside the lower court’s order, granted bail on condition of bonds and sureties, and allowed the appeal.
Issues considered
- Whether the alleged caste‑related abuses, committed at night and not in public view, fall within the ambit of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989.
- Whether the 21‑day delay in lodging the FIR defeats the grant of anticipatory bail.
- Whether the appellants are entitled to anticipatory bail under Section 438 of the Criminal Procedure Code in view of the facts and the nature of the offences.
Legislation cited
- Bihar Non‑Statutory (BNS) Act, 2023 — s. 110, 115(2), 126(2), 303(2), 3(5), 351(2)
- Criminal Procedure Code (Cr.P.C.) — s. 438(2)
- SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 — s. 3(1)(r), 3(1)(s)
Subjects
- anticipatory bail
- SC/ST (POA) Act
- caste violence
- delay in FIR
- public place requirement
- Criminal Procedure Code
- bail conditions
Judgment
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
CRIMINAL APPEAL (SJ) No.4117 of 2025
Arising Out of PS. Case No.-75 Year-2025 Thana- Tilakeshwar District- Darbhanga
======================================================
1. Gangesh Kumar @ Ganesh Kumar@ Gangesh Mukhiya son of Ram
Sogarath Mukhiya @ Sogarath Mukhiya Resident of Ward No 2, Rahipura,
Post -Dinmo PS -Tilkeshwar, Dist- Darbhanga
2. Raja Mukhiya son of Bachan Mukhiya Resident of Ward No 2, Rahipura,
Post -Dinmo PS -Tilkeshwar, Dist- Darbhanga
... ... Appellant/s
Versus
1. The State of Bihar
2. Paro Devi Wife of Varun Manjhi Resident of Ward No 2, Rahipura, Post
-Dinmo PS -Tilkeshwar, Dist- Darbhanga
... ... Respondent/s
======================================================
Appearance :
For the Appellant/s : Mr.Rajni Kant Singh, Adv.
For the Respondent/s : Mr.Binay Krishna, Spl.PP
======================================================
CORAM: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE ALOK KUMAR SINHA
ORAL ORDER
4 23-02-2026 Heard learned counsel for the appellants, learned
counsel for respondent no.2 and the learned Special Public
Prosecutor for the State.
2. The appellants have challenged the order dated
18.08.2025 passed by the learned Court of Exclusive Special
Judge. SC/ST (POA), Darbhanga in connection with Tilkeshwar
P.S. Case No.75 of 2025 instituted for the offences under
Sections 115(2), 126(2), 110, 303(2), 351(2) & 3(5) of the BNS,
2023 and Section 3(1)(r) and 3(1)(s) of the SC & ST (POA)
Act,1989 whereby their prayer for grant of anticipatory bail has
been rejected.
Patna High Court CR. APP (SJ) No.4117 of 2025(4) dt.23-02-2026
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3. Prosecution case in brief is that, on the night of
13.06.2025, while the complainant's son was sleeping, Naulesh
Mukhiya, Ram Pravesh Mukhiya, Gangesh Mukhiya, Umesh
Mukhiya, and Raja Mukhiya of his village came and lured him
onto a motorcycle, took him to the river bank near the cremation
ground north of the village, and began assaulting him with iron
rods and sticks, intending to kill him. As a result of the assault,
his son became unconscious. They snatched his mobile phone
and then took him home, unconscious. They hurled caste-related
abuses and threatened to kill him and his entire family if he told
anyone. When they woke up, they found their son, Amit Kumar,
lying unconscious. They took him to the Primary Health Center
in Kusheshwarsthan for treatment, where he was treated.
4. Learned counsel for the appellants submits that the
alleged occurrence is said to have taken place in night of
13.06.2025, therefore, not in public view, as such the provisions
of the SC/ST Act would not get attracted. Further submits that
the nature of the allegation levelled in the FIR also does not
reveal the specific abuses that were hurled on caste line, rather it
is general and vague in nature. Learned counsel for the
appellants also submits that the occurrence is said to have taken
place on 13.06.2025, but the FIR was lodged on 04.07.2025,
Patna High Court CR. APP (SJ) No.4117 of 2025(4) dt.23-02-2026
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after delay of 21 days, for which there is no plausible
explanation.
5. Learned Special Public Prosecutor for the State as
well as learned counsel for respondent no.2 has vehemently
opposed the prayer for bail of the appellants based upon the
allegation made in the F.I.R.
6. So far as the allegation of hurling of abuses on
caste line is concerned, the alleged occurrence is said to have
taken place in night of 13.06.2025, therefore, not in public view
as such the provisions of the SC/ST Act would not get attracted.
Further, the nature of the allegation levelled in the FIR also does
not reveal the specific abuses that were hurled on caste line,
rather it is general and vague in nature, again which would not
attract the provisions of the SC/ST Act. It also cannot be lost site
of the fact that the occurrence is said to have taken place on
13.06.2025, but the FIR was lodged on 04.07.2025, after delay
of 21 days, for which there is no plausible explanation.
7. Considering all these aspect of the matter, the
appellants above named above, in the event of their arrest or
surrender before the learned court below within a period of six
weeks, is directed to be released on bail on their furnishing bail
bonds in the sum of Rs.10,000/-(Rupees Ten Thousand) with
Patna High Court CR. APP (SJ) No.4117 of 2025(4) dt.23-02-2026
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two sureties of the like amount each to the satisfaction of
learned Court of Exclusive Special Judge. SC/ST (POA),
Darbhanga in connection with Tilkeshwar P.S. Case No.75 of
2025, subject to the conditions laid down under Section 438(2)
of the Cr.P.C.
8. Accordingly, the impugned order is set aside and
this appeal stands allowed.
(Alok Kumar Sinha, J)
Prakash Narayan
U T
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