Patna High Court
Sambhu Yadav @ Sambhu KumarversusThe State of Bihar
- Decided
- Disposal
- BAIL REJECTED
- Bench
- ANIL KUMAR SINHA
Holding
The court held that anticipatory bail cannot be granted as the statutory presumption under Sections 117 and 118 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, creates a case against the petitioner.
Summary
The petitioner, Sambhu Yadav, was married to Anjali Kumari in 2023. The prosecution alleges that after demanding dowry, the petitioner and his family subjected the wife to cruelty, leading to her death by alleged poisoning on 05-07-2025, invoking sections of the Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita and the Dowry Prohibition Act. The petitioner’s counsel contended that the wife voluntarily consumed poison and that the allegations were vague. The court noted that the death occurred within two years of marriage, creating a presumption of dowry death under Sections 117 and 118 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023. Considering the seriousness of the allegations and the statutory presumption, the court declined to grant anticipatory bail. Consequently, the bail application was dismissed.
Issues considered
- Whether anticipatory bail should be granted to the petitioner accused of dowry death.
- Whether the presumption under Sections 117 and 118 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, applies to the petitioner.
- Whether the nature of the death (homicidal vs. suicidal) affects the grant of anticipatory bail.
Legislation cited
- Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 — s. 117, 118
- Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita — s. 123, 3(5), 80
- Dowry Prohibition Act — s. 3, 4
Subjects
- anticipatory bail
- dowry death
- dowry prohibition act
- evidence act
- presumption of guilt
- matrimonial home
- unlawful dowry demand
Judgment
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
CRIMINAL MISCELLANEOUS No.14999 of 2026
Arising Out of PS. Case No.-252 Year-2025 Thana- PARAIYA District- Gaya
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Sambhu Yadav @ Sambhu Kumar S/o Kailash Yadav R/o Village - Maranchi,
Jhakadbigha @ Jhagra Bigha, P.s. -Paraiya, District -Gaya
... ... Petitioner/s
Versus
The State of Bihar ... ... Opposite Party/s
======================================================
Appearance :
For the Petitioner/s : Mr. Durgesh Nandan
For the Opposite Party/s : Mr. Umanath Mishra
======================================================
CORAM: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE ANIL KUMAR SINHA
ORAL ORDER
3 01-05-2026 1. Heard learned counsel for the petitioner and learned
Additional Public Prosecutor for the State.
2. This application, for grant of anticipatory bail, arises out
of Paraiya Police Station Case No. 252 of 2025, dated
24.07.2025, disclosing offences under Sections
123/80/3(5) of the Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita and Sections 3
and 4 of the Dowry Prohibition Act.
3. That the prosecution case, on the basis of fardbeyan, is
that the informant’s daughter Anjali Kumari (deceased)
was married to the petitioner in the year 2023 and at the
time of marriage cash wroth of Rs. 3,00,000/-, a
motorcycle and other household articles were given as
gifts. After a few days of marriage, the petitioner and his
family members began demanding Rs. 2,00,000/- and
other articles as dowry and due to non-fulfillment of
Patna High Court CR. MISC. No.14999 of 2026(3) dt.01-05-2026
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demand of dowry she informant’s daughter was subjected
to cruelty. It has further been alleged that on 05.07.2025,
the deceased was forcibly administered poison by the
accused persons, who took her to Magadh Medical
Hospital, Gaya, where she was declared dead.
4. Learned senior counsel for the petitioner submits that the
deceased was a short tempered lady and due to dispute
with her gotani and out of anger she herself has consumed
poison, when the accused persons saw her vomiting, the
deceased was rushed to the hospital where she died. The
petitioner, being the husband and father of one year old
child, made efforts to save deceased’s life, but failed. The
allegation against the petitioner is general and omnibus in
nature. Learned counsel, referring to paragraph no. 9 of
the case diary, submits that the deceased used to collect
milk from Kuleshwari Devi, who has stated that, on the
date of occurrence, like every day, the deceased came to
collect milk and was found vomiting, upon being asked,
the deceased stated that she had consumed poison.
5. I have heard learned counsel for the parties and have
perused the materials available on record.
6. From perusal of the impugned order, it appears that
Patna High Court CR. MISC. No.14999 of 2026(3) dt.01-05-2026
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within two years of marriage the deceased died in her
matrimonial home. There is allegation of demand of
dowry and torture and just prior to the death of the
deceased on 05.07.2025 the deceased was tortured and
assaulted, which was informed by the deceased to her
mother. The nature of the death is not important whether
it is homicidal, suicidal or accidental, but the fact is that
deceased died an unnatural death within two years of her
marriage in her matrimonial home. There is presumption
against the petitioner under Section 117 and 118 of the
Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023. The petitioner is
husband of the deceased and allegation is of dowry death.
7. Considering the aforesaid and nature of allegation, I am
not inclined to grant the petitioner the privilege of
anticipatory bail.
8. This bail application is, accordingly, dismissed.
(Anil Kumar Sinha, J)
ashwani/-
U T
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