Bombay High Court
THE STATE OF MAHARASHTRAversusBALU S/O. LIMBAJI SANAP
- Disposal
- DISPOSED OFF
Holding
The Court held that the evidence was insufficient to establish demand and acceptance of a bribe, and therefore refused leave to appeal.
Summary
The State of Maharashtra, through the Anti‑Corruption Bureau, sought leave to appeal an acquittal of a talathi accused of demanding a bribe of Rs.1,500 for a land mutation. The prosecution relied on the testimony of the complainant (PW1) who claimed the accused demanded money orally, and a shadow pancha (PW2) who recorded the transaction, along with recovered tainted currency. The trial court held that demand and acceptance were not cogently proved and acquitted the accused. On review, the High Court found inconsistencies between the complainant’s and shadow pancha’s accounts, noted the lack of a clear oral demand, and observed that the recovered money was taken from a carry‑bag, not directly from the accused, rendering acceptance doubtful. Consequently, the Court concluded there was no prospective ground to grant leave and refused the application.
Issues considered
- Whether the prosecution proved the demand and acceptance of a bribe beyond reasonable doubt.
- Whether the evidence of the complainant and the shadow pancha is consistent and sufficient to sustain a conviction.
- Whether leave to appeal should be granted in view of the evidentiary deficiencies.
Subjects
- corruption
- bribery
- demand and acceptance
- evidence inconsistency
- leave to appeal
- anti‑corruption bureau
Judgment
2026:BHC-AUG:44701
{1} ALS -102-2020
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
BENCH AT AURANGABAD
APPLICATION FOR LEAVE TO APPEAL BY STATE NO. 102 OF 2020
The State of Maharashtra
Through Anti Corruption Bureau,
Jalna. ….Applicant
Versus
Balu S/o. Limbaji Sanap
Age: 39 years, Occu.: Service,
R/o.Pawansut Mangal Karyalaya,
Kalika Nagar, Near Water Tank,
Nagar Road, Beed, District Beed. …..Respondent
…..
Mr.V.S.Badakh, Advocate for Applicant.
Mr.Pratik Arvind Bhosle, Advocate for Respondent
…..
CORAM : ABHAY S. WAGHWASE, J.
RESERVED ON : 29 SEPTEMBER, 2026
PRONOUNCED ON : 30 SEPTEMBER, 2026
ORDER :
1. Feeling aggrieved by the Judgment and order of acquittal
passed by learned Special Judge, Jalna in Special Case (ACB) No.17
of 2017, State has preferred instant application for leave to file
appeal.
2. Learned APP would point out that, accused was working as a
Talathi. That, complainant PW1 Prakash had approached accused for
{2} ALS -102-2020
taking mutation entry in respect of the well situated in land Block
No.647 over 7/12 extract and for the said work, there was demand
of Rs.1,500/-. That, complaint to that effect was received by the Anti
Corruption Bureau (ACB). He pointed out that, all formalities were
completed by engaging shadow pancha and giving necessary
instructions. He would submit that, prior to main trap, demand
verification was also got done and thereafter, main trap was
conducted. That, at both time, there is demand and complainant and
shadow pancha are consistent on the same. He pointed out that,
tainted currency was also recovered from accused substantiating
acceptance. He would submit that, sanction was undisputedly held
to be valid by the learned trial Court. However, learned trial Court
erroneously acquitted the accused by holding that demand and
acceptance were not cogently proved. That, State has a good case to
be dealt in appeal and therefore, he urges for leave to file appeal.
3. Per contra, learned counsel for respondent/original accused
would support the impugned judgment and prays to refuse the leave.
4. Perused the record. It appears that PW1 Prakash is
{3} ALS -102-2020
complainant, PW2 Sushilkumar is shadow pancha and PW3 Vinod
Chavan is the Investigating Officer. Evidence of complainant is at
Exhibit 19, that of shadow pancha is at Exhibit 23 and that of
Investigating Officer is at Exhibit 34.
5. In the light of nature of charge, it is to be seen whether
demand at the outset is at all proved or not. On studying the
testimony of PW1 complainant, it is noticed that, he has not stated
the date on which he initially met accused for his work during which
he claims that there was demand of Rs.1,500/-. He merely deposed
that on 11-05-2017 he approached ACB.
According to PW1 complainant, while verifying demand, when
he and PW2 shadow pancha approached accused in his office and
when he asked about his work, accused told him to give money, upon
which he expressed his inability to pay Rs.1,500/- but was in position
to pay Rs.1,000/- and thereafter, they returned and narrated such
events to the PW3 Investigating Officer. He did not depose about
pre-trap panchanama being drawn after confirmation of demand.
In paragraph 3 of examination-in-chief, he directly deposed
that he and shadow pancha again went to accused, met him and
asked accused to take entry on 7/12 extract. According to
{4} ALS -102-2020
complainant, at that time, accused suggested him to put the amount
in plastic carry-bag kept on the table and accordingly he inserted
tainted currency in the carry-bag and gave predetermined signal.
However, while under cross-examination, he admitted that, he
himself raised issue of money. He also admitted of not hearing
conversation which took place between him and accused. He was
also unable to tell in which manner accused suggested him to put
money in the carry-bag.
6. On the contrary PW2 Sushilkumar, shadow pancha, though
deposed about carrying voice recorder for demand verification and
hearing accused demanding Rs.1,500/-, regarding the events of the
main trap, he deposed that, on 12-05-2017 at about 3:00 p.m.
accused met complainant and asked him to put the amount in one
carry-bag and thereafter, complainant gave signal. Therefore, here,
shadow pancha does not speak about any conversation between
complainant and accused, which was narrated by complainant in his
evidence that accused demanded Rs.1,500/-, but there were
negotiations and complainant agreed to pay Rs.1,000/-. Shadow
pancha does not corroborate complainant on such count.
{5} ALS -102-2020
On close scrutiny of evidence of shadow pancha, more
particularly paragraph 2 of examination-in-chief, one does not come
across any demand raised by accused as this witness directly states
that accused met complainant and asked him to put amount in carry-
bag.
In cross-examination, he has admitted that, at the time of
demand verification, he was standing outside office and he also
volunteers that demand was by way of gestures and not orally.
7. Thus, what is culled out from above evidence is that, witnesses
i.e. PW1 complainant and PW2 shadow pancha are firstly not
consistent. According to complainant, there was oral demand but
according to shadow pancha, there was demand by way of gestures.
Admittedly, recovery is not found from person of accused but from
carry-bag which was kept on the table. Therefore, it cannot be said
that there was acceptance. Moreover, here, as stated above, when
was initial demand raised is not stated by complainant. Therefore,
case of prosecution on the points of both demand acceptance comes
under shadow of doubt and for such reason and with such quality of
evidence, no fault can be attributed to learned trial Court for refusing
{6} ALS -102-2020
to accept case of prosecution. Consequently, this Court does not find
that any fruitful purpose would be served by granting leave, as there is no
good or prospective ground for doing so. Hence, leave refused.
Accordingly, following order is passed :
ORDER
The application is rejected.
( ABHAY S. WAGHWASE )
JUDGE
SPT
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