VISHAL BABASAHEB NIPUNGEversusTHE STATE OF MAHARASHTRA AND ANOTHER

2026:BHC-AUG:643
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                           IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
                                      BENCH AT AURANGABAD

                                901 CRIMINAL APPEAL NO.832 OF 2025

                   Vishal Babasaheb Nipunge,
                   Age-25 years, Occu-Labour,
                   R/o. Bhanasahivra, Tq. Newasa,                  ...APPELLANT
                   Dist. Ahmednagar                                [Ori. Accused]

                        VERSUS

                   1.   The State of Maharashtra

                   2.   XYX                                        ...RESPONDENTS


                   Mr. Rajendra P. Phatke, Advocate for the appellant
                   Ms. A. S. Deshmukh, APP for the respondents/State
                   Ms Anagha Pedgaonkar, Advocate (appointed) a/w Mr. D. R. Adhav,
                   Advocate for the respondent No. 2

                                       CORAM : RAJNISH R. VYAS, J.
                                          DATE : 08th JANUARY, 2026


                   ORAL JUDGMENT :

                   1.          Heard learned advocate Mr. Phatke for the appellant, Ms.

                   Deshmukh, learned APP for the State and Dr. Pedgaonkar, Advocate

                   appointed for respondent No. 2 who has assisted Mr. Adhav learned

                   Advocate.

                   2.          A challenge in this appeal is to the judgment dated 20-

                   09-2025 passed by the Special Judge (POCSO), Newasa, Dist.

                   Ahmednagar in Special Case No. 236/2023 by which, the appellant

                   was convicted for the commission of offence punishable under

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Section 11 (iv) read with section 12 of the Protection of Children

From Sexual Assault, 2012 [for short ‘the Act of 2012’] and sentenced

to suffer simple imprisonment for six months and to pay fine of

Rs.2000/-. In default he was directed to suffer simple imprisonment

for one month. By the said judgment the accused was acquitted for

the commission of offence punishable under Sections 354-D, 509,

504 & 506 of the Indian Penal Code [for short ‘the IPC’] so also,

sections 11 (I) read with section 12 of the Act of 2012.

3.          In nutshell, it is the case of the prosecution that a victim

who is 15 years old and was studying in 9 th Std used to attend her

school. Since 3 to 4 months prior to the registration of the First

Information Report the appellant/accused used to follow her. This

fact was disclosed by her to her father. The father of the victim

accordingly gave understanding to the appellant.

4.          It was the case of prosecution that on 17-06-2023 at

about 09.30 am the accused went to the victim’s school, at which

time the victim was in a class room and made some gesture. As the

complaint was made by the victim to a teacher pointing out the

aforesaid incident, the teacher asked the appellant to remove himself

from the school. Said fact of giving understanding was also narrated

by the victim to her parents. This time, the father of the victim went

at village Bhanashivra where the accused was residing and tried to


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give understanding to him, but the accused threatened him.

5.          The said act resulted into setting a criminal law in

motion by way of registration of First Information Report as Crime

No. 669/2023 dated 17-06-2023 with Newasa Police Station for the

commission of offence punishable under Section 354-D, 509, 504,

506 of the IPC and section section 12 of the Act of 2012. The

investigation was carried out and after culmination of same a final

report was submitted.

6.          The learned Trial court on 22-02-2024 framed the charge

against the appellant below Exh.18 for the commission of the

offences punishable under Section 354-D of the IPC and Section 11

(iv) punishable under Section 12 of the Act of 2012. The appellant

was also charged for the commission of offences punishable under

Section 509 of the IPC read with section 11 (i) of the Act of 2012.

Further charged under Section 504 of the IPC, so also the charge

under Section 506 read with Section 34 of the IPC was framed. As

the accused did not plead guilty, the prosecution examined total six

witnesses in order to bring home the charge.

7.          PW-1 is the victim of the crime. PW-2 is the father of the

victim. PW-3- Swapnil Gaikwad is the teacher where the victim was

taking education. PW-4- Bhima Gaikwad is a panch witness. PW-5

Kavita Aher is a Gramsevak who has produced the birth certificate of


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the victim. PW-6 Shailendra Sasane was the Police Inspector. After

recording of evidence, the accused was questioned under Section 313

of the Code of Criminal Procedure. A defense of the accused was of

false implication and total denial. The accused neither entered into

the witness box nor examined any other witness.

8.          In the aforesaid background the learned advocate for the

appellant submitted that the appellant could not have been convicted

for the commission of the offence punishable under Section 11 (iv) of

the Act of 2012. According to him, entire story advanced by the

prosecution was not at all convincing and the ingredients of the

offenes were not proved. He submits that in fact the prosecution case

rests on two separate incidences. First incident is where the accused

entered in the school and made some gestures to the victim. So far as

this incident is concerned the accused has been acquitted.

9.          The question is only regarding second incident where

according to the case of the prosecution the appellant was following

the victim repeatedly since last 3 to 4 months. He further submitted

that on the basis of same evidence, he is acquitted for the

commissions of offence punishable under Section 354-D, 509, 504

and 506 of the IPC so also section 11 (i) read with section 12 of the

Act of 2012 and therefore, same principle should have been made

applicable while deciding the question of applicability of offences


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punishable under sections 11 (iv) of the Act of 2012. He further

submitted that there is delay in lodging the first information report.

10.          Though according to the case of the prosecution, the

appellant was following the victim prior to three months from the

date of registration of the FIR, no attempt was made either by the

victim or by the father to lodge the FIR. According to him, even spot

panchanama regarding the incident for which he was convicted was

not carried out. He further contended that there are several

contradictions and omissions and two different stories are advanced

by PW-1 and PW-2. He, therefore, prays for acquittal.

11.          Per contra, the learned APP submits that prosecution has

proved the case beyond reasonable doubt by leading cogent and

reliable evidence. According to the learned APP it is categorically

stated by PW-1 and PW-2 that the appellant was following the victim

since 3 to 4 months prior to lodging of the first information report.

The said fact was brought to the notice of the father of the victim

who gave understanding to the accused, but he threatened the father

of the victim.

12.          The learned APP further submitted that if the testimony

of witnesswa is taken into consideration holistically it would point

out towards the guilt of the accused. She has further contended that

there was no reason for the victim to falsely implicate the appellant


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in the crime.

13.         Dr. Anagha Pedgaonkar, learned counsel who was

appointed by this court has ably assisted Mr. Adhav, learned Advocate

for victim. She, in a brief time, made research and has assisted this

court in proper manner. In order to consider the case of the

prosecution, she brought my attention to the provision of section

11(iv) of the Act of 2012 and also relied upon section 30 of the said

Act. According to her since the offence for which the appellant is

convicted is intention based offences, presumption under section 30

of the Act is required to be raised as foundational facts are

established by the prosecution.

14.         She submits that presumption is to be drawn by the

court which is further required to be rebutted by the accused by

proving his case beyond reasonable doubt and not merely on the

basis of preponderance of the probability. She submits that the

judgment passed by the learned trial court is just and proper.

15.         Mr. Aadhav, learned Advocate who is appearing for the

victim has also supported the stand taken by the prosecutrix. He

submits that there are absolutely no omission and contradiction as

alleged by the learned counsel for the appellant. He further

submitted that delay in lodging the First Information Report is not at

all fatal considering the age of victim. He, therefore, prays of this


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court to dismiss the appeal.

16.         With able assistance of the learned counsel for the

parties, I have gone through the record and have given thoughtful

consideration to the points raised by the respective counsels.

17.         In this case, admittedly, the age of the victim at the time

of incident was 15 years old whereas accused was 22 years old. In

her examination-in-chief the victim has specifically stated that her

date of birth is 16-11-2009 and whenever she used to go to school on

bicycle, the appellant used to follow her. The act of following the

victim was done by the appellant since 3 to 4 months prior to lodging

the FIR. So far as testimony regarding the said incidence is

concerned, the relevant portion of the deposition more particularly

examination-in-chief is reproduced below:

      ‘My date of birth is 16-11-2009. I am residing with my mother,
      father, brohter and grandparents. At the time of incidence, I
      was studying in ‘’Shri’ High School at ‘Bh’’; village. I was
      studying in 9th standard. I am resident of village ‘Kh’. I used to
      go to school on bicycle. Vishal Nipunge used to follow me. He
      used to following me for 3 to 4 months. I informed about the
      same to my parents. My parents tried to advice him.’
             In further evidence she narrated the incident dated 17-
      06-2023. Neither the age of victim is disputed nor the
      identification of accused by the counsel for the appellant. If the
      cross-examination is perused, it would reveal that she has
      stated that she used to go to school in group of friends and
      distance between her house and school was about 2 km.
             She further stated that in cross-examination in para 7 as
      follows: “ It is not true to say that I have deposed that due to


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      insistence of my parents that the accused was following me for
      3 to 4 months. It is true to say that my brother is elder than
      me. My brother is now taking education in 1st year of BSC.
      Village ‘Kh’ is our native. It is not true to say that my brother
      had quarreled at village with the boys from Nipunge family. It
      is not true to say that my brother had sustained injury in said
      quarrel. I do not know as to whether the accused is my distant
      relative. It is not true to say that my brother had forced me to
      lodge false FIR against the accused out of dispute amongst the
      boys.”
18.          At this stage, it is necessary to clarify that no cogent and

reliable evidence is lead by the prosecution to prove that the

appellant was in fact following her since 3 to 4 months prior to

lodging the FIR, which can be said to be an offence under Section 11

(iv) of the Act of 2012. So far as incident of entering the school and

making gestures is concerned, the appellant is already acquitted for

the said incident. Neither the victim, nor the prosecution has filed

any appeal challenging those findings.

19.         So far as PW-2/ father of the victim is concerned, he has

stated that PW-1 has informed him that since 3 months one boy was

following her on the way of school and back. Therefore, he

accompanied the victim to the school and asked her to show the said

person. Accordingly, the victim shown him the appellant on which,

PW-2 asked his name. The appellant disclosed his name as Vishal

Nipunge and when PW-2 questioned him he assured that he would

not harass her.


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20.          After this incident, on 17-06-2023 the appellant visited

to the school and made gesture. This fact was also narrated by the

victim not only to the teacher but also to the father. It is pertinent to

mention here that neither PW-1 nor PW-2 or any other witnesses have

stated anything about the act which would show that act was done by

the appellant with sexual intent. At this juncture, it is necessary to

reproduce the provision of section 11(iv).

             11 Sexual harassment:- A person is said to commit
             sexual harassment upon a child when such person with
             sexual intent
             (iv) repeatedly or constantly follows or watches or
             contacts a child either directly or through electronic,
             digital or any other means; or

21.    Perusal of the record would reveal that nothing has been

brought on record by way of evidence that there was a sexual intent

at the instance of the appellant. Though the learned APP and Dr.

Anagha Pedgaonkar have relied upon the section 30 of the Act of

2012 and contended that the presumption is required to be drawn

that the accused was having sexual intent, same cannot be done since

foundational facts are required to be proved by the prosecution

before any presumption is raised.

22.          The learned Advocate for the appellant has relied upon

the law laid down in the case of Bandu Vitthal Borwar VS State of

Maharashtra reported in 2016 SCC Online Bom 16128 more



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particularly para 11 which reads as under:

            “11.          It is obvious that the intent, which is
            nothing but a state of mind, must be to establish some
            sort of physical contact or must be related to or
            associated with sex or indicative of involvement of sex in
            the relationship, if it is to be considered as sexual. I have
            already stated that the utterance indicating an
            expectation of a person that the other person should
            have love him would not by itself amount to sexual
            intent as contemplated by the legislature. There should
            be something more which must suggest that the real
            intention is to drag in the angel of sex, if the words
            uttered are to be taken as conveying sexual intent. If we
            consider the other evidence of the prosecution in order
            to ascertain the state of mind of the appellant, we would
            find that there is not a single circumstances, which wold
            indicate that the appellant’s real intention was to
            establish a sexual contact with the appellant then or in
            near future. No evidence has been brought on record
            throwing any light upon the eye expressions, voice
            modulations, body language etc. of the appellant.
            Besides, the utterances in question have not been made
            repeatedly but only singularly. Such being the nature of
            evidence, I do not think that the utterances made by the
            appellant, in the presence of the victim girl and that
            were heard by her as well as her friend PW 6 Manisha in
            this case, indicated any sexual intent on the part of the
            appellant. If this is so, it would have to be said that even
            the offence punishable under Section 12 of the POCSO
            Act, which is an offence of sexual harassment, has not
            been proved by the prosecution beyond reasonable
            doubt. The learned Additional Sessions Judge has
            committed an illegality in not considering the true
            import of the offence of sexual harassment, as defined in
            section 11 of the POCSO Act.”

23.         He has also relied upon the judgment dated 30-06-2025

passed by in Criminal Appeal No. 471/2017 by the Nagpur Bench of

Bombay High Court specifically para 34 to 36 which reads as under:



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“34. Admittedly, “intention” is inner compartment of
mind of that person and has to be determined from
surrounding facts and circumstances. If somebody says
that he is in love with another person or express his
feelings itself would not amount to an “intent” showing
some sort of his “sexual intention”. What constitutes
such “sexuality” of “sexual intent” and what is not, is a
question of fact.
35. While interpreting “sexual intent”, single Judge
bench of this court in the csae of Bandu Vitthalrao
Borwar Vs State of Maharashtra, thr. PSO, reported in
2016 SCC Online Bom 16128 observed that perhaps
understanding generally accepted meaning of words
“sexual” and “intent” will help us in finding out an
answer. Words ‘sexual’ and ‘intent’ have not been defined
anywhere in the Act and, therefore, it would be useful to
understand their meaning as are commonly understood
in English language. For this purpose, a reference to the
English dictionary would be useful. In Webster’s New
Explorer Encyclopedic Dictionary, 2006th Edition, the
words ‘sexual’ and ‘intent’ have been defined on page
Nos. 1683 and 959 respectively as under:
‘Sexual’: 1: of, relating to, or associated with sex or the
sexes (sexual differentiation) (sexual conflict) 2: having
or involving sex (sexual reproduction)”
‘Intent’ : “1a : the act or fact of intending : PURPOSE;
especially : the design or purpose to commit a wrongful
or criminal act (admitted wounding him with intent).,
and
b : the State of mind with which an act is done :
VIOLATION. 2 : a usually clearly formulated or planned
intention : AIM 3a : MEANING, SIGNIFICANCE b:
CONNOTATION”.
36. Thus, the state of mind, must be to establish some
sort of physical contact or must be related to or
associated with sex or indicative of involvement of sex in
the relationship, if it is to be considered as sexual. Words
uttered should be with “sexual intent” associated with

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             indicative of involvement of sex or physical contact or
             expressing sexual overtures. Words expressed ‘I love You’
             would not by itself amount to “sexual intent” as
             contemplated by the legislature. There should be
             something more which must suggest that the real
             intention is to drag in the angle of sex, if the words
             uttered are to be taken as conveying sexual intent. It
             should reflect by the act.”
24.          If the ratio of the aforesaid two cases is taken into

consideration, it would be crystal clear that intention is required to

be proved. The intention is nothing but the state of mind and it must

be with a view to establish the some sort of physical contact or must

be related to or associated with sex or indicative of involvement of

sex in the relationship, if it is to be considered as sexual.

25.          As I have already discussed that nothing has been

brought on record by the prosecution to show that the appellant was

having sexual intent and therefore, I have no other option but to

allow the instant appeal. The prosecution has not proved the case

beyond the reasonable doubt. Findings given by the learned trial

court in that regard are not proper.

26.          That being so the judgment dated 20-09-2025 passed in

Special Case No. 236/2023 by the Special Judge (POCSO) at Newasa,

Dist. Ahmednagar so far as convicting the appellant for the

commission of the offence punishable under sections 11 (iv) read

with section 12 of the POCSO is set aside. The appellant is acquitted



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for the offences for which, he was convicted. The bail bonds of the

accused stands discharged. Fine amount, if any be returned to the

accused. The appeal stands disposed of.

27.               Since the appeal is disposed of all the pending

applications, if any, stand disposed of accordingly.



                                       [RAJNISH R. VYAS, J. ]

VishalK/901criapl832.25




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