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729 judgments · newest first · showing 201–400
Priya Blue Industries Ltd imported a ship, paid customs duty under protest and later filed a claim for refund of Rs 79,64,648 under Section 27 of the Customs Act, 1962. The refund claim was rejected, as were subsequent appeals before the Customs, Excise and Gold (Control) Appellate Tribunal and the …
The Orissa Government appointed 49 junior teachers on an ad‑hoc basis in 1980‑81 without constituting a Selection Board as required by the 1979 Recruitment Rules, which mandated a member of the Orissa Public Service Commission (OPSC) as Chairman. The OPSC refused to concur with these appointments, …
The Madhya Pradesh High Court Bar Association challenged a notification issued under Section 74(1) of the Madhya Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000 that abolished the Madhya Pradesh State Administrative Tribunal, alleging that the provision was ultra‑vires Article 323A, amounted to excessive …
Three men were tried for murder under IPC sections 302 and 34. The trial court acquitted all of them, relying on the claim of self‑defence and the prosecution’s failure to explain minor injuries on the accused. The State appealed; during the pendency two accused died and the High Court …
The appellants, appointed as Class IV employees in Jammu & Kashmir in 1997, challenged the legality of their appointments, arguing that they were made following a government decision to improve rural representation and were recommended by legislators. The respondents contended that the appointments …
Surendra Pal Shivbalakpal, a migrant labourer, was accused of kidnapping, raping and murdering a minor girl named Savitri (Sanju). The prosecution relied on eyewitness testimony that the accused was seen carrying a child at night, forensic analysis showing blood and semen stains on his clothing, and …
The appellant, Malleshi, abducted a college student (PW‑2) by deceit, threatened him and communicated a demand of Rs 4 lakh to be paid by the victim's father for his release. The demand was not conveyed to the father because the accused were arrested before it could be made. The trial court …
The plaintiffs, Mis. Shivalik Agro Poly Products Ltd. and others, were allotted an industrial plot and, to secure loans, executed a mortgage deed that required payment of stamp duty and registration fees as per a Himachal Pradesh Government notification under Sections 78 and 79 of the Registration …
The State of Rajasthan charged Bhanwar Singh and five others with murder under IPC s.302 and assault under s.323. The trial court convicted Singh, sentencing him to life imprisonment, while the High Court acquitted him, finding the prosecution case unreliable. The Supreme Court examined the …
The Commissioner of Customs issued a show‑cause notice to Mis. B.V. Jewels and its sister concern Mis. B.V. Star alleging shortage of gold, diamonds and capital goods, unauthorised use of duty‑free capital goods and violations of the EXIM policy and Customs notifications. The Customs Tribunal …
The Supreme Court dismissed the appeals of M/s. Dale & Carrington Investments Pvt. Ltd. and its Managing Director P.K. Ramanujam, upholding the Kerala High Court’s order that the allotment of 6,865 equity shares to Ramanujam was invalid. The Court held that no valid Board meeting had taken place, …
Bhagwan Das, a daily‑wages worker, claimed that he was employed continuously from 1 March 1990 to 15 July 1992 and that his termination amounted to retrenchment under Sections 25(F), (G) and (H) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, which require at least 240 days of work in the preceding twelve …
Balbir Singh, a constable, was discharged under Punjab Police Rule 12.21 after being found to have consumed liquor and misbehaved with a lady constable. No formal disciplinary inquiry was held; a preliminary medical examination was the only assessment. The State appealed the High Court's decision …
The accused, a school teacher, forcibly had sexual intercourse with his 4th‑standard student, who was about 14 years old at the time, and later became pregnant. The victim lodged an FIR after a delay, leading to trial where the accused was convicted under IPC sections 376 (rape) and 506 (criminal …
The appellant was convicted under Section 3 read with Section 7(1)(a)(ii) of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 for allegedly violating the Madhya Pradesh Sarvajanik Purti Vitaran Scheme, 1991. The appellant argued that the Scheme does not constitute an "order" as required by Section 3, and …
The appellants, who had been in possession of land since 1938, challenged a 1978 order under Section 71A of the Chota Nagpur Tenancy Act that restored possession of the land to a Scheduled‑Tribe claimant alleging fraudulent transfer. The Supreme Court examined whether Section 71A could be applied …
The State prosecuted Mast Ram for murder under IPC 302, alleging he shot the deceased Uttam Chand with a double‑barrel muzzle‑loaded gun. The trial court, relying on eyewitness accounts, a post‑mortem report, a ballistic expert report and a spot‑inspection that placed the victim within firing range, …
The State prosecuted T. Venkatesh Murthy, a public servant, under Sections 7, 13(1)(d) and 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. Although a sanction was granted by the Superintending Engineer of the Karnataka Electricity Board, the trial court held that the sanction was insufficient under …
The deceased Shiv Shankar Singh was attacked and killed with lathis fitted with iron rings after being intercepted on a motorcycle by the appellants. Three eye‑witnesses, who were friends of the deceased, testified to the assault, and a post‑mortem showed head injuries and an empty stomach. The …
ITC Ltd, a cigarette manufacturer, printed the maximum retail price (MRP) on its packs as required by the Standards of Weights and Measures Act and the Packaged Commodities Rules. The Revenue alleged that the printed MRP was false, that ITC under‑priced its cigarettes to evade excise duty, and …
The Union of India appealed against a Guwahati High Court decision that held all offences under the Railway Property (Unlawful Possession) Act, 1966 to be bailable. The Supreme Court examined the proviso to Section 8(2) of the Act and clarified that it merely gives the railway officer two …
The appellants were intercepted in Surat in 1988 with 180 detonators and were charged under Section 9-B(i)(b) of the Explosives Act, 1884 and Section 5 of TADA, 1985. The trial court convicted them only under the Explosives Act, sentencing each to one year imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1,000; the …
The plaintiff claimed title to a Delhi property, alleging it was his private property purchased from the Maharaja of Kapurthala, while the Union of India and others contended it was State property of Kapurthala. The Court examined the 1947 Instrument of Accession, the 1948 covenant, and subsequent …
The case concerned several Maharashtra sugar‑co‑operative societies that deducted amounts from the cane price payable to their farmer members as non‑refundable and refundable deposits and as contributions to various funds. The Income Tax Department treated these deductions as trading receipts and …
The State of Rajasthan appealed the acquittal of IKBAL HUSSEN, whose trial for offences under the IPC had been pending for six years. The trial court had closed evidence and acquitted him based on the decisions in Raj Deo Sharma and Common Cause, which prescribed limitation periods for criminal …
The landlord filed an eviction suit under the Madhya Pradesh Accommodation Control Act, 1961 alleging default in rent, illegal sub‑letting and a bona‑fide requirement for the premises. The trial court and the first appellate court upheld the landlord’s claim of genuine need and decreed eviction. On …
Landlords filed a suit for ejectment against Smt. Sudha Rani Garg under Section 106 of the Transfer of Property Act, claiming the tenancy was at will. The tenants contended that the Uttar Pradesh Urban Buildings (Regulation of Letting, Rent and Eviction) Act, 1972 applied, which provides a ten‑year …
The appellants, Sri Narayan Saha and another, were convicted under IPC sections 376 read with 34 for raping a married woman (PW‑3). The victim reported the crime five days after the incident, and the medical examination was inconclusive due to profuse bleeding. Both the trial court and the High …
The State of Rajasthan charged Khuma with murder under Section 302 of the IPC, and the trial court convicted him based on three circumstantial points: he was allegedly the last person seen with the deceased, he was found in possession of incriminating items at arrest, and blood‑stained articles were …
The Supreme Court considered appeals by L.S. Synthtics Ltd. against orders of the Special Court under the Special Courts (Trial of Offences Relating to Transactions in Securities) Act, 1992, which had directed the appellant to pay a sum of Rs 34,99,900.68 with interest to the Custodian on behalf of …
The appellant, Mukesh K. Tripathi, was appointed as an Apprentice Development Officer in LIC and was terminated during his apprenticeship without notice. He claimed that his dismissal violated Section 25F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, arguing that he was a "workman" within the meaning of …
The respondent, Siri Niwas, claimed that he had worked for more than 240 days in the twelve months preceding his termination by the Municipal Corporation, Faridabad, and therefore his retrenchment was illegal under Section 25F of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. The Industrial Tribunal found that …
The State of Andhra Pradesh appealed the acquittal of K. P. Rao, a Commercial Tax Officer, who had been convicted by a Special Judge for demanding a bribe under sections 13(1)(d) and 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The prosecution proved that the complainant visited Rao's house, …
J.K. Udaipur Udyog Ltd., a cement manufacturer, operated its own limestone mine and used explosives for blasting in the mine. It claimed CENVAT credit for the explosives under Rule 57AB of the Central Excise Rules, 1944. The Revenue argued that the explosives were not "inputs" because they were not …
The respondent, Dr. O.P. Singh, was retrenched from the U.P. State Horticultural Produce Marketing and Processing Corporation (HORTICO) when it closed in 1990 and was later appointed as Deputy Jailor with a protected last drawn pay. He claimed that the revised pay scale of Rs. 2200-4000 (effective …
Canbank Financial Services Ltd., a subsidiary of Canara Bank, purchased CANCIGO units worth Rs 33 crore from a stock broker (Respondent 2) who had applied for the units through two other banks (Respondents 3 and 4) that held the certificates in their names but transferred possession to the broker. …
Parmananda Pegu and his co‑accused Jitu Pegu were convicted and sentenced to death for kidnapping and murdering two minor boys under Sections 302 and 365 IPC. The conviction was based largely on an extra‑judicial confession recorded during a crime‑scene recreation, a judicial confession under …
The police conducted a night raid on the accused's house based on secret information and seized heroin, but failed to comply with the mandatory procedural requirements of Section 42 of the NDPS Act, including recording the information in writing and preparing a search memo. The trial court convicted …
Eagle Flask Industries Ltd, a manufacturer of plastic insulated wares and vacuum flasks, claimed exemption from central excise duty and licensing control under Notification 11/88 (NT) CE dated 15‑04‑1988 and Notification 53/88, which exempted certain plastic items. The company failed to file the …
The appellant, Nirmal Jeet Kaur, alleged dowry harassment and filed a criminal complaint against her husband (Respondent No.2) under Sections 498A, 506 IPC and the Dowry Prohibition Act. Respondent No.2 sought anticipatory bail under Section 438 CrPC, which the High Court disposed of, directing him …
The State of Andhra Pradesh appealed a High Court order that quashed criminal proceedings and ordered the release of a seized tanker carrying molasses, which had been detained under the Andhra Pradesh Excise Act, 1968 and Prohibition Act, 1995 on suspicion of being used for illicit spirit …
The appellant, Valliammal (by LRs), sought a declaration that he was the true owner of a 10.37‑acre plot purchased in his wife Ramayee Ammal's name, alleging the transaction was benami to shield the property from creditors of his late brother. The trial court and the first appellate court held the …
The appellant Yakub Ismailbhai Patel was convicted under Section 302 read with Section 34 of the IPC for the murder of Nizamuddin. The prosecution relied primarily on the testimony of a single eye‑witness (PW‑2) who identified the accused, supported by a second witness (PW‑1), forensic evidence of a …
The appellant, K. Rudrappa, sought to be recognized as the legal representative of his deceased father, who had an appeal pending for a land grant under the Karnataka Village Offices Abolition Act, 1961. Unaware of the appeal, the appellant learned of it only after receiving a letter from his …
The villagers of Kanardipura filed a suit in representative capacity under Order I Rule 8 of the CPC seeking declaration of title, permanent injunction and possession of land they claimed was grazing (Charnoi) land, not a grove. The Board of Revenue had earlier settled the land as a grove in favour …
The appellant, S. Bedi, leased a specifically described portion of his industrial property to the respondent, Chopra Electricals, for 11 months under a licence deed that excluded a second, green‑coloured portion which was scored off. The respondent later occupied that green portion and claimed it …
The landlord G.V. Srinivasa Murthy leased a non‑residential premises to Mahendra Saree Emporium, originally a sole proprietorship, which later converted into a partnership with the tenant's relatives. The landlord claimed unlawful sub‑letting under Section 21(1)(t) of the Karnataka Rent Control Act, …
The landlord sought eviction of a tenant and his sub‑tenants under Section 21(1)(f) of the Karnataka Rent Control Act, 1961, alleging illegal sub‑letting without consent. The District Judge upheld the illegal sub‑letting and ordered eviction, but the High Court, relying on A.S. Sulochana's case, …
The respondent, Tapan Kumar Biswas, owned a truck whose fitness certificate was cancelled after a severe accident in January 1991. He filed an off‑road intimation for the period 1991 but failed to submit any intimation for 1992‑1995. The Taxing Officer demanded motor‑vehicle tax for those years, …
Swedish Match AB and its associated companies acquired a 74% shareholding in Wimco Ltd., a listed Indian company, by purchasing shares from Indian promoters at a price well above market value. The acquisition was done without making a public announcement as required under Regulation 10/11 of the …
The appellants Bathusingh, Nar Singh, Bhal Singh and others were charged with the murder of Dhan Singh and Bhuru, based on the testimony of three eye‑witnesses and corroborating medical evidence showing multiple stab wounds and fractures. The accused pleaded self‑defence, alleging that their crops …
Tilla Ram, a conductor with the Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation, claimed he was a permanent employee and was terminated without a departmental inquiry, alleging violation of natural justice and the 'last come first go' principle. The trial court held he was a daily‑wage worker, found no …
M.A. Khan, a State Forest Department officer, claimed that his continuous officiation in senior cadre posts from 1980 to 1991 should be counted for seniority when he was appointed to the Indian Forest Service on 27 March 1992. The Union of India and the Tamil Nadu Government argued that he was not a …
The vendors (appellants) entered into a sale agreement for land with a bungalow, requiring payment of the purchase price in instalments. The purchaser (respondent) paid part of the consideration but missed the stipulated deadline for a later instalment. The vendors claimed that time was of the …
The State Sugar Corporation and Jain Construction entered into a contract containing an arbitration clause. In 1991 Jain Construction, an unregistered partnership firm, filed an application under Section 20 of the Arbitration Act, 1940 for appointment of an arbitrator. The Civil Judge dismissed the …
Krishna Bahadur, a messenger‑cum‑bearer, was dismissed for disciplinary misconduct, reinstated by an Industrial Tribunal, and then retrenched within a month with a modest compensation. The trade union challenged the retrenchment on the ground that the employer had not complied with the mandatory …
The Supreme Court considered a dispute arising from SEBI’s direction that the acquirer of Colour‑Chem Ltd. pay interest to shareholders for the delay in making a public offer under the 1997 Takeover Regulations, as amended in 2002. The Board had directed a 15% per‑annum interest on the offer price …
Escorts Ltd., a tractor manufacturer, paid excise duty on inputs used to produce parts and transferred those parts to another factory of the same company under Notification No. 217/86-CE. The parts were then used to manufacture tractors on which duty was paid. The Commissioner of Central Excise …
The State of Karnataka sought to summon Krishnappa as an accused under Section 319 of the Criminal Procedure Code after the prosecution evidence was recorded, despite a prior order in 1995 that had quashed the proceedings against him. The trial magistrate dismissed the State's application, noting …
The deceased, a vegetable trader, was traveling in a tractor with a trailer when he fell and died after the vehicle was driven at high speed. His heirs claimed compensation under Section 147(1) of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, arguing that the insurer was liable for the death of the owner of the …
The appellant, Gilbert Pereira, was accused of murdering a young girl and robbing her of gold ornaments. The prosecution relied entirely on circumstantial evidence, including the victim’s body found in a house the appellant could access, blood‑stained clothes and knife matching the victim’s blood …
The State of Bihar appealed a Patna High Court order that had found a violation of its earlier direction and had directed a fresh reconsideration of the matter. The Supreme Court held that in contempt proceedings the court's inquiry is limited to whether the earlier order, which has attained …
The appellant filed an application under Sections 11 and 15 of the Contempt of Courts Act, 1971, alleging that a single judge of the Patna High Court had failed to comply with directions issued on 30‑03‑1999. The High Court judge, while hearing the contempt application, examined the correctness of …
The State of Maharashtra appealed against the Bombay High Court's order granting bail to six accused, including Sitaram Popat Vetal, in a murder case (Section 302 IPC) concerning the death of Hanumant Vithal Chaudhary. The High Court had released the accused on the ground that they were falsely …
The Commissioner of Police, Hyderabad, detained Chinnaboina Shankar under Section 3(2) of the Andhra Pradesh Prevention of Dangerous Activities Act, citing his status as a history‑sheeter with over 30 cases and two specific incidents that created terror among the public. His wife, Smt. C. Anita, …
The State of Uttar Pradesh charged five accused with murder and other offences arising from a violent incident on 3 August 1974 during a festival, where the accused formed an assembly, used firearms and sticks, and killed two persons while injuring others. The trial court convicted them under …
Patel Chikkahanumaiah, the predecessor‑in‑interest of the appellants, sought to set aside an ex‑parte decree against him on the ground of non‑service of summons. He first filed an application under Order 9 Rule 13 of the CPC, alleging only non‑service, without any claim of fraud, and later filed a …
The appellant, Shamsu Suhara Beevi, entered into a sale agreement with the respondents, G. Alex and others, but failed to execute the deed. The respondents sued for specific performance; the trial court ordered them to deposit the balance sale consideration and directed the appellant to register the …
The West Bengal Freedom Fighters' Organization filed a writ petition under Article 32 seeking direction for the payment of pensions under the Swatantrata Sainik Samman Pension Scheme, 1980. Applicants were required to submit jail certificates or, in their absence, a Non‑availability of Records …
Anil Kumar Srivastava challenged a NOIDA scheme to develop a commercial hub on a 54,320.18 sq m plot, alleging that the reserve price of Rs 27,500 per sq m was arbitrarily low and that the accepted bid of Rs 31,850 per sq m was undervalued, violating Article 14. The Court examined the distinction …
The accused, charged under IPC s.120‑B and the Prevention of Corruption Act, applied to the trial court for the production of eight documents. The CBI and Punjab National Bank (the appellant) claimed the documents were privileged communication under Evidence Act s.124. The trial court ordered …
The Commissioner of Central Excise, Bombay issued a show‑cause notice to M/s Reliance Industries Ltd. alleging short payment of excise duty on polyester filament yarn (POY) that was produced on bobbins of one kilogram or less and removed without duty payment. The Collector confirmed a demand of over …
The State of Karnataka appealed against the Karnataka High Court's acquittal of four accused who had been convicted by a Sessions Court for murder and related offences under Sections 304 Part II, 149, 324, 148 and 143 of the IPC. The High Court set aside the conviction on the sole ground that the …
A goods truck carrying passengers overturned, resulting in the death of a passenger. The claimants filed a petition under Section 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act seeking compensation. The Motor Accident Claims Tribunal and the Allahabad High Court held that the vehicle owner, not the insurer, was …
The Commissioner of Central Excise held that Modi Alkalies & Chemicals Ltd. (MACL) had created three front companies to evade excise duty on hydrogen gas, treating them as dummies and imposing duty, penalty and confiscation. The Central Excise and Gold (Control) Appellate Tribunal (CEGAT) overturned …
The appellants challenged the jurisdiction of a Chennai Metropolitan Magistrate to try a complaint alleging offences under Sections 498A, 406 IPC and the Dowry Act, arguing that no part of the cause of action arose within the magistrate's local area. The High Court dismissed their Section 482 …
The State of Andhra Pradesh filed a criminal complaint against Farmers Service Cooperative Society and others under Section 7(1) of the Essential Commodities Act for allegedly supplying sub‑standard zinc sulphate. The charge‑sheet was filed about two years after the alleged offence, and the …
The appellant State of U.P. challenged the Allahabad High Court's order granting bail to respondent No.2, who was accused of murdering a money‑lender under Sections 302 and 120B IPC. The High Court had granted bail on the ground that the accused's name was not mentioned in the FIR, without recording …
The landlord sued the tenant for possession of a property on the ground of unauthorised sub‑letting and obtained a decree. The tenant appealed, but died while the appeal was pending. His heirs, unaware of the appeal, learned of it only when the advocate wrote a letter and promptly filed an …
The father of the respondent, a Class IV employee of Punjab National Bank, died while in service, leaving his widow and children. The respondent applied for a compassionate appointment under the Bank's scheme, but the Bank rejected the request, stating that the family had received substantial …
The landlord, Balvant N. Viswamitra, sued the heirs and legal representatives of a deceased tenant for possession of land after the tenant defaulted on rent. The landlord attempted service of notice by registered post, certificate of posting and affixing it on the premises, but could not obtain the …
The landlord sued Singer India Ltd for eviction under Section 14(1)(b) of the Delhi Rent Control Act, alleging that the American tenant had transferred possession to the Indian company without the landlord's written consent. The transfer resulted from a court‑sanctioned amalgamation compelled by a …
In the 1999 election for the Amgaon Legislative Constituency, the appellant was declared elected and the defeated respondent filed an election petition under the Representation of the People Act, 1951 alleging corrupt practices such as unaccounted money and distribution of goods. The appellant moved …
The case arose from a violent dispute over a piece of land in which the victim, Pratap Singh, was struck on the head with a kanta and later died after 38 days of medical treatment. The trial court convicted both appellants, Dashrath Singh and Raja Ram, under Section 302 (murder) and related …
Six accused, including A‑1 Ravi, formed an unlawful assembly armed with knives and sticks and, driven by a grievance over the death of a sister, entered the house of the victim Shanmugam, assaulted him and caused injuries that led to his death. The prosecution relied on eye‑witnesses (the victim's …
The Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC) dismissed several conductors, including Sardar Singh, for long periods of unauthorized absence, invoking Paragraphs 4(ii) and 19(h) of the Delhi Road Transport Authority (Conditions of Appointment and Service) Regulations, 1952. The employees sought approval of …
The State of Orissa appealed against a single judge of the Orissa High Court who had quashed three petitions filed by the accused, Nalinikanta Muduli, under Section 482 of the CrPC, relying on the Patna High Court decision J.A.C. Saldanha (1979). The State contended that the cited decision had been …
The respondent, Shyam Lal, a conductor for Delhi Transport Corporation, was found to have collected fare without issuing tickets and, after departmental proceedings, admitted his guilt and was removed from service. The employer sought approval of the removal under Section 33(2)(b) of the Industrial …
The Karnataka High Court had earlier ordered the registration of Cyril Lasrado as occupant of a land parcel under Section 48‑A of the Karnataka Land Reforms Act, 1961. After Cyril's death, a writ petition was filed nearly 19 years later challenging that order, but the petition was filed against the …
The State Industrial & Investment Corporation of U.P. Ltd. issued a recovery notice under the Uttar Pradesh Public Moneys (Recovery of Dues) Act, 1972 against Pawan Kumar Jain, who was a guarantor of a loan advanced to a fourth respondent company. Jain challenged the notice, arguing that after a …
M/s. Gaurav Distributors (P) Ltd. purchased ball bearings that had been exported by SKF Bearing (I) Ltd. under export bonds and re‑imported them in March 1995. The appellant claimed exemption from customs duty under the proviso to Section 20 of the Customs Act, 1962, arguing that the phrase "goods …
Sanjay Kumar Jain, a Group‑C employee of Indian Railways, qualified in the written test for promotion to Group‑B but was declared medically unfit (visually handicapped) and denied the viva voce test. He challenged the denial before the Central Administrative Tribunal, which held that refusing …
The plaintiff, the executors of P.K. Chowdhury, purchased two flats from the developer and, after a variation of the agreement, was handed possession of the incomplete flats in May 1967, with the keys and authority to construct permanent partitions, doors and windows at his own cost. The plaintiff …
The respondent, a clerk‑cum‑cashier of Allahabad District Co‑operative Bank, was suspended and subjected to a disciplinary inquiry for alleged embezzlement. The inquiry officer recommended termination, but the Administrative Committee initially proposed a lesser punishment of withholding two …
The complainant alleged that Border Security Force personnel, including the appellants, entered his shop, demanded Rs 10,000 as illegal gratification, ransacked the premises, seized goods and documents, and threatened him, constituting offences under IPC sections 395, 447 and 506. The appellants …
The respondent filed a complaint under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act against five partners of a firm for the dishonour of a cheque. The complaint did not specifically allege that the accused partners were in charge of or responsible for the firm’s business. A magistrate discharged …
The employee R.B. Sharma, a manager of State Bank of India, was suspended and faced both a departmental inquiry under the SBI Officers Service Rules and a criminal prosecution under the IPC for alleged fraud involving large sums. The employee obtained a stay of the departmental proceedings from the …
The case concerned a suit filed by Ramiah in 1984 for possession of 1 acre 21 gunthas of land, after a previous decree in 1971 that had awarded possession to N. Narayana Reddy. The trial court and High Court dismissed the suit as barred by limitation, holding that the suit was filed 13 years after …
The appellants, 100% Export Oriented Undertakings (EOUs) manufacturing cotton yarn from indigenous raw material, were required to pay Basic Excise Duty (BED) under the Central Excise Act, 1944 and Additional Excise Duty (AED) under the Additional Duties of Excise (Textiles and Textile Articles) Act, …
The Supreme Court examined an appeal by Dhian Singh and his paternal uncle against convictions for dowry death and concealment of evidence. The first appellant was found guilty under Sections 304‑B and 201 of the IPC for causing the death of his wife, Shinder Kaur, by burning her after demanding …
Hari Ram was convicted of murder under Section 302 read with Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code for the killing of his brother-in-law, Kundan Lal, over a land dispute. The prosecution relied on the testimony of two eyewitnesses, who were relatives of the deceased, to establish that Hari Ram …
The appellant, accused of fratricide, shot his brother from about 35 feet after a verbal quarrel over the brother's dogs. The trial court convicted him under Section 302 IPC (murder) and sentenced him to life imprisonment, a decision upheld by the High Court. On appeal, the Supreme Court examined …
The appellant, Sridhar Bhuyan, was convicted of murder under Section 302 IPC for stabbing the deceased during a quarrel over an eve‑teasing incident. The trial and High Courts upheld the conviction, but the appellant contended that the killing occurred in a sudden fight and fell under Exception 4 to …
Raghunath G. Waingankar claimed a pension under the Goa Freedom Fighters Scheme, asserting participation in the Goa Liberation Movement and a bullet injury, but lacked primary documentary proof and relied on a certificate and newspaper cuttings. The State Government rejected his claim, and the High …
The appellant, a candidate for the Bihar Judicial Services Competitive Examination, obtained 35 marks in the General Science paper and, after a routine scrutiny found no error, petitioned the High Court for re‑evaluation of his answer‑book. The Single Judge directed the answer‑book to be …
The respondent, an Executive Engineer (Mechanical) in the Uttar Pradesh Government, was transferred from Ghazipur to Faizabad on administrative grounds while disciplinary proceedings were pending against him. He challenged the transfer as punitive, alleging it was done without a hearing and before …
The appellant, Bappa alias Bapu, was convicted under IPC Section 307 for stabbing the victim, Bibhishan, on the stomach, back and neck, causing serious injuries but not death. He appealed, contending that the injuries did not amount to an attempt to murder and that the ten‑year rigorous imprisonment …
The informant, Surjit Singh, alleged that the accused, Nahara Ram and another, fired shots at him while he was spraying his paddy field, causing injuries. The trial court convicted them under Section 326 of the IPC and Section 27 of the Arms Act, sentencing them to five years' rigorous imprisonment …
Seventeen persons were tried for offences including murder; five were convicted, and the High Court upheld the murder convictions of A1‑A4 under Section 302 read with Section 34. The appellants argued that the charge sheet did not specifically allege an offence under Section 34 and that the evidence …
Dr. Suresh Gupta, a plastic surgeon, was charged under Section 304A of the IPC for the death of a patient during a minor nasal surgery. He sought quashing of the criminal proceedings under Section 482 of the CrPC, which the High Court refused. The Supreme Court examined whether the complaint and …
The plaintiff, K.M. Shaffi, sued for a declaration of ownership of a plot and an injunction against the defendant, relying on a certified copy of a 1944 sale deed (Ex.P1) and a 1966 gift deed (Ex.P2). The trial court admitted the documents, applying the presumption of authenticity under Section 90 …
On 17 November 1974, Baijnath Singh was killed after the appellant thrust a spear into his abdomen during an altercation. The Sessions Court convicted the appellant and a co‑accused under Sections 302 and 34 of the IPC for murder; the High Court later acquitted the co‑accused and reduced the …
The State of Kerala entered into a contract with Mis Arya Refrigeration & A/C Co. for supplying and erecting a cold‑storage plant, which could not be installed because the State failed to construct the requisite building. The dispute was referred to arbitration; the arbitrator awarded a sum to the …
Bahadur Rama filed a suit for specific performance which was decreed by the trial court and later reversed by the High Court on a second appeal. The appellant challenged the High Court's disposal of the second appeal, arguing that the Court had not formulated any substantial question of law as …
Phulan Rani filed a writ petition seeking pension after her husband's death. The High Court transferred the petition to a Lok Adalat, which disposed of it in her favour without any compromise or settlement. The State of Punjab challenged this disposal, arguing that Section 20(3) of the Legal …
Fargo Freight Ltd., the owner of a vessel, chartered it to the first respondent and claimed freight and demurrage. Because RBI permission was required, the first respondent issued an irrevocable standby Letter of Credit (L/C) through the third respondent (the issuing bank). A dispute arose over …
The appellants, manufacturers of pan masala and gutka, challenged state notifications issued under Section 7(iv) of the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 that prohibited the manufacture, sale, storage and distribution of these products in the interest of public health. The questions before …
The wife and children of the deceased Essanullah sued for possession of seven rooms in a property they claimed was self‑acquired by Essanullah. Defendants 1‑4 asserted they were tenants‑in‑common and claimed title by adverse possession, each occupying a distinct room. During the suit, Defendant 4 …
The respondent, then Secretary of Visakhapatnam Port Trust, was alleged to have demanded and received a bribe to clear a tender file in favour of a company. The complainant reported the demand to the CBI, which laid a trap; the respondent was caught exiting a hotel room with marked currency. The …
The appellant, Maulavi Hussein Haji Abraham Umari, was arrested in connection with a train attack and initially placed in police custody. An application under Section 49(2) of the Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2002 (POTA) was filed to extend his police remand beyond the statutory 30‑day limit, and …
M/s Rollatainers Ltd owned two distinct factories – a Paper Board Factory in Shed No.1 and a Specialty Paper Factory in Shed No.3 – each with its own plant, staff, management and premises‑specific registration under Rule 174(3) of the Central Excise Rules. Both factories claimed the nil‑rate …
The State of Punjab appealed against a High Court order that quashed charges framed under Section 7(1)(a)(ii) of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 against the directors of Mis. Sangrur Vanaspati Mills Ltd., leaving only the production manager to stand trial for adulterating vegetable oil. The …
Talcher Municipality constructed a market under the Orissa Municipal Act. The Talcher Regulated Market Committee, invoking Section 4(4) of the Orissa Agricultural Produce Markets Act, 1956, requisitioned the transfer of the market to itself. The municipality failed to comply, leading to a writ …
Jayamma, the holder of a Will dated 20 February 1984 executed by the deceased tenant‑occupier Anthony Rebello, applied under Section 276 of the Indian Succession Act for letters of administration. The wife and children of the deceased contested the Will, alleging it was invalid. The trial court held …
The plaintiff, P. D'Souza, sued Shondrilo Naidu for specific performance of a sale agreement in which the parties were to exchange a building for a fixed price by 5‑Dec‑1978. The defendant had mortgaged the property, failed to produce original title documents and did not redeem the mortgage, thereby …
Nagegowda sued claiming he was the adopted son of widow Smt. Sannananjamma and that an adoption‑cum‑settlement deed gave him absolute ownership of a suit property, also seeking to declare a later gift deed by the widow void. The trial court dismissed the suit for lack of proof of adoption and …
The State of Andhra Pradesh filed FIRs under the Andhra Pradesh Excise Act, 1968 and the Prohibition Act, 1995 alleging that the accused had transported or stored black jaggery/molasses for the manufacture of illicit liquor. The accused obtained quashing of the FIRs from the Andhra Pradesh High …
The State of Haryana appealed against the Punjab and Haryana High Court's order granting bail and suspending the life sentence of Hasmat, who had been convicted of murder (IPC s.302 r/w s.149) and related offences. Hasmat had applied under CrPC s.389 for suspension of sentence pending appeal, and …
In an election petition, the appellant sought to recall witness PW‑31 Surinder Pal Singh to confront him with a judgment from another case. The application was filed under Order XVI Rule 3 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, which deals with tender of expenses to witnesses, and was rejected by the …
The Kaveripatnam Subbaraya Setty Annaiah Setty Charities Trust (appellant) owned a shop that it let to S.K. Viswanatha Setty (respondent) from 1950. In 1969 the trust demolished the old building and completed a new one in 1975; the respondent vacated the old shop and later sought to be re‑let in the …
The respondents, Alnoori Tobacco Products, were engaged in manufacturing tobacco powder and were served with show‑cause notices alleging that the product fell under tariff sub‑heading 2404.90 (manufactured tobacco) of the Central Excise Tariff Act, 1985. Their appeals before the Collector of Central …
The appellant, an agent of Mahindra & Mahindra, supplied motor parts to vehicle customers in Uttar Pradesh under a warranty agreement and received payment from the manufacturer. The assessing authority treated the payments as consideration for a sale under Section 2(h) of the Uttar Pradesh Trade Tax …
The respondents, Rupa & Co. Ltd., are manufacturers of textile garments who imported various machines for fabric processing, inspection, knitting and dyeing under the Export Promotion Capital Goods (EPCG) Scheme and claimed a 100% customs duty exemption under Notification No. 29/97-Cus. The Revenue …
The appellant, the original recorded owners of certain lands in Uttar Pradesh, challenged the recording of Jan Mohammad as Sirdar under section 210 of the Uttar Pradesh Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act, 1950, on the basis of his alleged adverse possession. The Consolidation Officer had …
The vendor, a life tenant of a property, entered into a sale agreement with HPA International to sell his life interest and the reversionary interest of the remaindermen, subject to obtaining a High Court sanction. The sanction suit was opposed by the reversioners and, after two years of delay, the …
Citibank sold IRFC bonds to Standard Chartered Bank (SCB) and issued a Banker’s Receipt (BR) which SCB later returned with an endorsement, also handing over a non‑transferable BR issued by CANFINA. SCB then demanded delivery of the bonds from Citibank, leading to suits in a Special Court. The …
The appellants, Gopaldas Udhavdas Ahuja and his widow, were found to possess primary gold that had been seized by Income‑Tax authorities in August 1974 and subsequently taken over by a Gold Control Officer under the Gold (Control) Act, 1968. They claimed they were unaware of the gold hidden in a …
The Goa Urban Co‑operative Bank leased a 47.04‑sq‑m portion of a building for the purpose of an "office" under a two‑year lease. In 1982 the bank shifted its branch office to another building and used the demised premises solely as a godown for storing records, without obtaining Reserve Bank of …
The appellant, a partnership firm, paid Rs. 781.33 lacs for the purchase of land and buildings of a cooperative cotton mill that had been partially resumed by the State. The liquidator executed a sale agreement, but the State later cancelled it, claiming the price was far below market value and that …
The Supreme Court upheld a 2002 decree that mandated the State of Punjab to complete the Sutlej‑Yamuna Link (SYL) canal within one year, directing the Union of India to intervene if Punjab failed. Punjab’s subsequent suit challenging the decree, the constitutionality of Section 78 of the Punjab …
The respondents were granted occupancy tenancy over temple land under Section 45 of the Karnataka Land Reforms Act, 1961 by a Land Tribunal order dated 3 July 1979. In 1985 the appellants filed an application under Section 5(2)(i) of the Karnataka Certain Inams Abolition Act, 1977 seeking occupancy …
The appellants, members of a Scheduled Tribe, claimed that land in a scheduled area of Orissa had been forcibly occupied by non‑tribal respondents. The Competent Authority ordered restoration of possession to the appellants, but the trial court dismissed the petition on the ground that the …
The case concerned the Bihar Forest Service where 50% of Assistant Conservator of Forest (ACF) posts were to be filled by promotion and 50% by direct recruitment. The appellants were appointed as ACFs by direct recruitment on 14 December 1987, while promotees were appointed on 6 October 1987 and 23 …
The assessee, a firm owning rubber estates in Malaysia, earned business income and short‑term capital gains from the Malaysian property. The Income Tax Officer in India taxed both incomes, but the Commissioner of Income Tax (Appeals) held, relying on Article VII(1) of the India‑Malaysia Double …
The Supreme Court considered a public‑interest writ petition seeking a declaration that the term "sexual intercourse" in Section 375 of the Indian Penal Code should be interpreted to include all forms of penetration, thereby expanding the definition of rape. The petition also sought procedural …
The case arose when a flour mill owned by the writ petitioners was found to be stealing electricity, leading to an FIR and trial under the Indian Electricity Act, 1910. While the trial was pending before a Metropolitan Magistrate, Andhra Pradesh amended the Act (2000) to create Special Tribunals and …
The Supreme Court considered an appeal challenging the constitutional validity of Rule 10(1) of the West Bengal Services (Death-cum-Retirement Benefit) Rules, which the Calcutta High Court had declared ultra vires. The Court noted that the issue also raised questions about the operation of the West …
The petitioners challenged Clause 4(x) of the Motor Vehicles (New High Security Vehicle Registration Plates) Order, 2001 and the eligibility conditions in various State NITs, alleging that they created a monopoly in favour of a single private manufacturer, violating Article 19(1)(g) of the …
The Supreme Court was asked to clarify the effect of its earlier judgment in Dr. Saurabh Chaudhary (2003) which increased the All‑India quota for postgraduate medical seats from 25% to 50% and mandated a common entrance test. The Union of India sought a prospective application of that judgment …
The Supreme Court examined the illegal presence of hazardous and non‑conforming industrial units in residential zones of Delhi, which violated the Delhi Master Plan, the Delhi Development Act, 1957 and the National Capital Region Planning Board Act. The State Government had sought extensions and …
The Vedanta Sthapna Sabha, a society that constructed a temple with contributions from its members and the government, applied under Section 63(b) of the Tamil Nadu Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Act, 1959, seeking a declaration that it was the hereditary trustee of the temple. The Deputy …
The State of Gujarat and an accused, Tulsibhai Bhikhabhai Tadvi, filed applications seeking modification of a Supreme Court judgment that ordered a fresh trial of the Zahira Habibullah Sheikh case outside Gujarat. They contended that such a transfer was unlawful, alleging lack of a specific prayer, …
Allergan Inc., a multinational pharmaceutical company, sued Milment oftho Industries for passing off over the mark "OCUFLOX" used on eye‑care medicines, claiming it was the first global user of the mark since 1992. The Calcutta High Court initially granted an interim injunction to Allergan, later …
Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd. (MTNL) received a show‑cause notice from the Central Board of Direct Taxes and approached the Delhi High Court by filing a writ petition, despite a High Power Committee (HPC) having advised it to await an appealable order and not to approach the court. The Supreme …
The appellant, Ajmer Kaur, challenged the revenue authorities' re‑determination of her father Daya Singh's land holdings under the Punjab Land Reforms Act, 1972. The Collector had initially declared 3.12 hectares surplus in 1976, an order that became final after the appeal was dismissed in 1979. …
The landlady and her two sons, owners of a premises leased to the Wadia Institute as a guest house, obtained a partial eviction decree for the ground floor on grounds of bona fide requirement. While appeals were pending, the District Magistrate of Nainital arbitrarily allotted the entire premises to …
The Supreme Court considered whether the sales‑tax exemption granted to industrial units under Bihar’s 1995 Industrial Policy (S.O. 478 dated 22‑12‑1995) survived the bifurcation of Bihar and the creation of Jharkhand. The Court held that Sections 84 and 85 of the Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000 …
T.T.G. Industries Ltd. entered into a contract with Bhilai Steel Plant to design, supply, and erect hydraulic mudguns and tap‑hole drilling machines. Components were imported and some were manufactured at its Chennai factory, then shipped to the steel plant where they were assembled on a concrete …
The appellant, Gajraj Jain, a director of Mis Katihar Flour Mills, challenged the sale of the company's flour mill assets by Bihar State Credit and Investment Corporation Ltd (BICICO) to Stichworth Exports Pvt Ltd. BICICO, as the first charge holder under the State Financial Corporation Act, 1951, …
The accused, a senior police officer, was alleged to have assaulted and caused the death of a man in a hotel swimming pool. The trial court acquitted him, finding the medical evidence and witness testimony insufficient, while the Karnataka High Court set aside the acquittal, convicted him under …
The State of Orissa prosecuted Rajendra Tripathy and others for unlawful possession of heroin under Sections 18 and 21 of the NDPS Act. The trial court convicted them, but the Orissa High Court acquitted on the grounds that the seizure memo contained a corrected name and that the prosecution failed …
V.P. Patil was accused of murdering his first wife Suman. The prosecution relied on motive, the accused's suspicious conduct, extra‑judicial confessions to two witnesses, blood‑stained articles, the mangalsutra and blood found in the accused's nail clippings, and a medical report indicating death by …
The consumer purchased paddy seeds that failed to germinate, resulting in loss of crop. He sued the seller under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986, seeking a refund and compensation. The District Forum ordered both refund and damages; the Karnataka State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission …
The Karnataka High Court stayed the operation of an order of reference that had sent certain work‑men’s disputes to the Industrial Tribunal. While the stay was in force, the employer dismissed the work‑men for serious misconduct and the work‑men filed a complaint under Section 33A of the Industrial …
The State of Andhra Pradesh appealed against a Division Bench of the Andhra Pradesh High Court that had struck down Andhra Pradesh Motor Vehicles Rules 297‑A(1)(c) and 297‑A(6)(f) as ultra vires the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 and Article 19(1)(g). The respondents, holders of contract‑carriage permits …
Tata Motors Ltd., a manufacturer of motor vehicle chassis and parts, claimed a set‑off of sales tax for purchases of steel that later became scrap, invoking Rules 41D and 41E of the Bombay Sales Tax Rules. The Maharashtra Sales Tax Laws (Levy, Amendment and Repeal) Act, 1989 retrospectively withdrew …
The appellant, Satyam Infoway Ltd., had registered several domain names containing the word ‘Sify’ in 1999 and built a substantial reputation as an internet services provider. The respondent, SiffyNet Solutions Pvt. Ltd., began using similar domain names with ‘Siffy’ in 2001‑2002 and the appellant …
The appellant (Vendee) purchased land through a registered sale deed executed by a person claiming to hold a general power of attorney (GPA) for the owner. After commencing construction, another individual asserted that he was the true GPA holder and filed suits for possession. The trial court …
The State of Mizoram issued a notification withdrawing the revised pay scales for Executive Engineers and Superintending Engineers, prompting the Mizoram Engineering Service Association to file a writ petition seeking the quashing of the notification and the grant of higher pay scales to Chief …
A detention order under Section 3(1) of the Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, 1974 (COFEPOSA) was issued against Ratan Bagaria. Before the order could be served, his wife Vidya Bagaria filed a habeas corpus petition under Article 226 challenging the order. …
The Union of India (respondent) had taken over property for war purposes and later agreed to acquire it, resulting in a compensation award. The Union later sought to withdraw from the acquisition and to set aside the award, which was denied, and subsequently applied for apportionment of its share …
The Gujarat High Court ordered the closure of Modern Terry Towel Ltd.'s factory for discharging trade effluents and required the company to deposit sums of Rs. 75,000 and Rs. 75 lakh as a condition for restarting non‑effluent‑generating operations. The parties later entered into an agreement whereby …
Tata Iron & Steel Co. Ltd. manufactured electric overhead travelling (EOT) cranes and challenged the liability of excise duty on them. The Customs, Excise and Gold (Control) Appellate Tribunal, relying on a Patna High Court decision, held the cranes to be "complete cranes" under tariff heading 81.26 …
A Infrastructure Ltd., a manufacturer supplying goods to Government and public sector undertakings, claimed deductions for interest on delayed payments (3‑12 months) and bank/collection charges under Section 35L(b) of the Central Excise Act, 1944. The assessing authority, appellate authority and the …
The appellants, heirs of Girdhari Lal Gattani, filed a suit in 1962 under the Madhya Pradesh Accommodation Control Act, 1961 seeking eviction of the respondents, tenants, on the ground of bona fide requirement of the landlord for non‑residential premises. The suit was decreed, but the tenants …
The appellant, National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC), held mining leases for iron ore in Madhya Pradesh and was levied royalty by the State on the waste material known as 'slimes' produced during ore processing. NMDC contended that slimes are a waste with no commercial value and are not …
Sony India Ltd, a colour‑television manufacturer, cleared packed TVs from its factory without printing the maximum retail price, affixing the price later at its depots and offering free gifts to buyers. The Central Excise authority demanded duty at the 18% ad valorem rate (based on the printed …
The respondents, manufacturers of milk products, stopped paying purchase tax on milk for the period 1‑April‑1996 to 4‑June‑1997, relying on a series of public statements by the Punjab Government that the tax had been abolished. The State later issued demands for the tax and appealed the High Court’s …
Mentha & Allied Products Ltd manufactured menthol under a licence granted under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act and claimed exemption from central excise duty under Notification No. 31188‑CE, which exempts "bulk drugs" as defined in the Drugs (Prices Control) Order, 1987. The Central Excise Collector …
Elphinstone Metal Rolling Mills, a manufacturer of copper sheets, wires and billets, claimed exemption from excise duty under Notifications 74/65‑CE and 119/66‑CE on the basis that its products were made from old copper scrap purchased from the open market. The Central Excise authorities issued …
The respondents, Susma Textile Pvt. Ltd., manufacture cotton fabrics that are stiff and heavily sized with starch gum and inorganic fillers. They initially classified the product under heading 52.06 of the Central Excise Tariff Act, 1985, but the excise department re‑classified it under heading …
The Municipal Corporation of Katni imposed an export tax on "all types of cement" under a municipal resolution. Associated Cement Co. Ltd. argued that its refractory cement, used for furnace linings and high‑temperature applications, is not cement in the ordinary commercial sense and therefore not …
The petitioners filed a public‑interest writ in the Andhra Pradesh High Court seeking a mandamus to stop the University Grants Commission (UGC) from starting graduate and postgraduate courses in Jyotir Vigyan (Vedic Astrology). The High Court dismissed the petition as non‑maintainable, and the …
Tecumseh Products India Ltd repaired compressors by replacing stators. The stators were fabricated by external job workers and then received by the company, which performed shaping, varnishing and baking before fitting them into compressors. The Central Excise Collector treated these activities as …
The Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC) was directed by the Maharashtra Government under section 37 of the Maharashtra Regional and Town Planning Act, 1966 to amend its Development Control Rules (OCR) in line with Bombay's OCR. After publishing the proposed amendments and inviting objections, the State …
The Brahmo Samaj Education Society, claiming minority status, runs several state‑aided colleges and challenged the West Bengal College Service Commission's authority to appoint teachers in its institutions. The Society argued that Articles 19(1)(g) and 26(a) of the Constitution guarantee its right …
The Commissioner of Customs and Central Excise issued a detention memo and a show‑cause notice to Charminar Nonwovens Ltd., seeking classification of its floor coverings and filter fabrics under tariff heading 5703.90 (30% duty) instead of 5703.20 (5% duty). The High Court of Andhra Pradesh quashed …
The Supreme Court examined Maharashtra's policy that made Marathi a compulsory subject in schools run by the Gujarati linguistic minority, which required teaching four languages instead of the usual three. The petitioners argued that this violated their constitutional right under Article 30(1) to …
The State of Punjab appealed a High Court decision that had held market fee payable by buyers was not part of the sale consideration, and therefore the seller was not liable to pay purchase tax on it. The Supreme Court examined the definition of "turnover" under the Punjab General Sales Tax Act and …
The case concerned whether the Uttar Pradesh Government could fix a "State Advised Price" (SAP) for sugarcane that was higher than the minimum price fixed by the Central Government under the Essential Commodities Act and the Sugarcane (Control) Order, 1966. The petitioners (U.P. Co‑operative Cane …
MIS Geo Miller & Co. Pvt. Ltd. and others, registered dealers under the Madhya Pradesh General Sales Tax Act, were assessed entry tax under the Madhya Pradesh Entry Tax Act, 1976 for goods brought into the state for execution of works contracts. They contended that the tax violated Article 301 (and …
The case concerned land allotted to Dhanna Singh, a displaced person, under the Displaced Persons (Compensation and Rehabilitation) Act, 1954, which was later declared surplus under the Pepsu Tenancy and Agricultural Lands Act, 1955 and allotted to Pohla Singh and others. Dhanna Singh (through his …
Muller & Phipps (India) Ltd. appealed against the Central Excise Tribunal’s classification of its Johnson’s Prickly Heat Powder and Phipps Processed Talc as cosmetics/toilet preparations under tariff heading 33.04. The Collector (Appeals) had classified them as patent or proprietary medicines under …
The Supreme Court heard appeals against a Gujarat High Court order that required 252 chemical industries in the Nandesari industrial estate to pay 1% of their maximum annual turnover as compensation for alleged pollution. The High Court had found that the units violated Gujarat Pollution Control …
U.C. Bhandari, a manufacturer of water‑proof fabrics, appealed against the Commissioner of Central Excise, challenging the classification of its products under Tariff Heading 52.07 (cotton fabrics water‑proofed) instead of Heading 59.06 (impregnated, coated fabrics). The Tribunal had held that the …
The Supreme Court entertained a writ petition filed by the Public Union for Civil Liberties concerning the plight of migrant bonded labourers, especially those from Tamil Nadu working in other states. The Court noted that earlier orders had tasked the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) with …
The Supreme Court examined a criminal revision petition filed by the State of Tamil Nadu under Section 397 of the Code of Criminal Procedure challenging a Metropolitan Magistrate’s order granting one‑day police custody to the accused, Joy Immaculate. The Court held that such a remand order is a pure …
H.B.L. Aircraft Batteries Ltd manufactured silver‑oxide zinc batteries and sold them to the Ministry of Defence (MOD) at a lower price and to Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd (HAL) at a higher price. The contract with MOD required MOD to supply silver at Rs 2,500 per kg (the mint price); when mint stocks …
The Supreme Court examined appeals by six accused, including Anil Sharma, convicted of murder and other offences under Sections 302, 307, 147, 148, 149, 326 and 452 read with Section 34 of the IPC. The appellants challenged the refusal to allow a fresh examination of a key eyewitness (PW‑6) and …
The case arose from a violent incident on 12 January 2000 in which a group of accused intercepted a bus, entered it armed with firearms and indiscriminately shot eight passengers, later chasing two survivors to a house where they were also killed. The trial court convicted five of the accused under …
