COLLECTOR OF CENTRAL EXCISE, CHANDIGARHversusM/S SMITHKLINE BEECHAM CONSUMER HEALTH CARE LTD. AND ORS.

      COLLECTOR OF CENTRAL EXCISE, CHANDIGARH                                   A
                            v.
   MIS• SMITH KLINE BEECHAM CONSUMER HEAL TH CARE
                      LTD. AND ORS.

                         DECEMBER 20, 2002
                                                                                B
            . [SYED SHAH MOHAMMED QUADRI AND
                      ARIJIT PASAYAT, JJ.)


      Central Excise Act, 1944-Section J IA.and 38A-Notification No.1021 C
79-Appendix, Para 3-Excise duty-Set off availed by assessee. in respect of
duty already paid by sellers-Refund of duty to sellers pursuant to High
Court ~s Order-Notice to· assessee for recovery of amount involved in set
off-Applicability ofSection J JA-Held, not applicable as there was no short
levy and since scheme of the Notification operate in different field-However,
case remanded back to Tribunal/or consideration of other questions raised D

      Words and Phrases:

      "Levy" and "'Assessment ".,-Meaning of In the context of Central Excise
Act, 1944..
                                                                                E
       Respondent-assessee was availing set off under Notification No. 201/
79 in respect of inputs under Tariff item 68, on which duty was already
paid by sellers. Sellers had paid duty on the inputs and the assessee had
taken credit of it. Pursuant to sellers' writ petition, High Court had held
that duty was not leviable on the inputs. Hence the duty paid was refunded
to sellers. Appellant issued show cause notice to the assessee for recovery     F
of amount of duty involved in the set off under para 3 of Appendix to the
Notification. Assessee challenged the notice the same being issued beyond
period of limitation u/s I IA of Central Ell:eise Act, 1944. Assistant
Collector, as well as Collector (Appeals) confirmed the demand. On appeal
Appellate Tribunal set aside the orders holding that action .initiated was      G
beyond period of limitation u/s 11 A.

      In appeal to this Court appellant contended that the present case
was not .covered by Section 11 A as the same relates to non-levy or short~
levy which is d.istinct from Para 3 of Appendill: to the Notification which

                                    633                                         H
    634                   SUPREME COURT REPORTS (2002] SUPP. 5 S.C.R.

A   is in respect of variation of duty paid .on inputs; and that even if the
    notification got rescinded on 1.3.1988 Section 38A of the Act held the field.

          Respondent contended that Section I IA of the Act is applicable as
    it was the case of short-levy in as much as what was paid by the assessee
    was less than the payable amount because of set off; that since the
B   Notification itself had been rescinded w.e.f. 1.3.1986, no action was liable
    to be taken under Para 3 of Appendix to the Notification; and that the
    authority could not take assistance of Section 38A.

          Disposing of the appeals, the Court

C         HELD: I. Section llA of Central Excise Act, 1944 deals with
    recovery of duty not levied or not paid or short-levied or short-paid or
    erroneously refunded. The scheme under the Notification No.201179
    operated in a. different field altogether. There was no short-levy or non-
    levy. The levy was made as per the applicable statutes. Only a benefit was
D   granted to the manufacturer in respect of the duty already paid on the
    inputs which constitute raw materials or component parts in the excisable
    goods. The benefit was gran'ted by exercise of powers conferred by sub-
    rule (I) of Rule 8 of the Rules providing exemption of all excisable goods
    on which duty of excise is leviable and in the manufacture of which some
    ot~~r goods have been used as inputs. If the inputs have suffered duty,
E   the quantum thereof was allowed to be set--0ff. There is no variation of
    the duty leviable. That is invariable. What is determined is the quantum
    of duty payable after adjustment of the duty paid on the inputs.
                                                      f639-A; H; 640-A, B, Cl
          1.2. Section 11 A, provides for recovery of duties not levied or not
F paid or short-levied with quantification and collection. The method of
    collection does not affect the essence of duty, but only relates to the
    machinery of collection for administrative convenience. The term "levy"
    is wider in its import than the term "assessment". It may include both
    "imposition" as well as "assessment". Imposition is generally used for levy ·
G   of a duty or tax by legislative provisions indicating the subject matter of
    levy and rate of levy. Levy of duty does not mean actual collection, there
    is a conceptual difference. Both the expressions "levy" am~ "collected" are
    u~ed. Therefore, lesser collection of duty because the adjustment of duty
    paid on inputs is not a case of short levr. Section 11 A has no application
    to such a situation. To that extent the Tribunal was not justified in its
H   conclusions. f640-C, D, E; GI
 C.C.E. v. SMITHKLINEBEECHAMCONSUMER HEALTHCARE(ARIJITPASAYAT,J.) 635

      2. The assessee had specifically questioned the applicability of the    A
Notification after the same was rescinded. Tribunal has not recorded any
finding in this regard. The effect of Section 38A which was introduced with
retrospective effect, is also to be considered. Therefore, the matter is
remanded back to the Tribunal for consideration of these aspects. If the
Tribunal holds that after the notification was rescinded w.e.f. '1.3.1986;    B
paragraph 3 of the Appendix became inoperative, then the position would
be different. While considering that aspect the effect of Section 38A has
to be kept in view. In case the Tribunal comes to the conclusion that
paragraph 3 of the Appendix was applicable because of Section 38(A)(C),
it has to consider the further stand of the assessee about adjustment in
the credit amount maintained under paragraph S of the Appendix.               C
                                                         1640-H; 641-A, Bl

     Assistant Coltec/or of Cenlra/ Excise, Ca/cul/a Division v. National
Tobacco Co. of India lid., 1197212 SCC 560, relied on.

      Union of India and Ors v. Barma/1 (India) lid Gurgaon and Ors.,         D
119971 S SCC 748 a~d· Bakeman Home Prod11c1s v. Collector of Central
Excise, ( 1990) 48 ELT S 18, referred to.

     CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 3387-88
of 1992.
                                                                              E
     From the Judgment and Order dated 18.11.1991 of the Customs, Excise
and Gold (Control) Appellate Tribunal, New Delhi against order no. 453-
454/91-D.

                                  WITH
                                                                              F
     C.A. No. 9947 of 1995.

     A.K. Ganguli, Ashok K. Srivastava, K.C. Kaushik and B.K. Prasad, for
the Appellant.

     D.A. Dave, A.R. Madhav Rao, T. Vishwanath, Alok Yadav, Vishwanath        G
Shukla, Dinesh Pant for Ms. Indra Sawhney, R.N. Karnajawala, Ms. Seema
Dundd, Vivek Sharma and Ms. Manik Karanjawala, for the Respondents.

     The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

      ARIJIT PASAYAT, J. These appeals are directed against common            H
    636                    SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2002) SUPP. S S.C.R.

A judgment of the Customs Excise & Gold (Control) Appellate Tribunal, New
    Delhi (in short 'the Tribunal').

          Background factual matrix involved is undisputed and is essentially as
    follows:

B         Ws. H.M.M. Limited'csubsequently known as Mis. Smithkline Beecham
    Consumer Health Care Ltd.), (hereinafter referred to as 'the assessee') was
    availing set off under notification No.201/79 dated 4.6.1979 in respect of
    inputs, namely, Malt and Malt extract under T.I. 68, received by it from M/
    s Malt & Co. (India) Pvt. Ltd., M/s Barrnalt Ltd. and M/s A.K. Malt (P) Ltd.
C   during the years 1977 to 1985. The said notification was issued in exercise
    of powers conferred by sub-rule (I) Rule 8 of the Central Excise Rules, 1944.
    By the said notification, all excisable goods on which duty of excise is
    leviable and in the manufacture of which any goods falling under Item No.
    68 of the First Schedule to the Central Excises and Salt Act, 1944 (presently
    Central Excise Act, 1944, in short 'the Act') have been used as raw materials
D   or components parts from so much of the duty of excise leviable thereon as
    is equivalent to the duty of excise already paid on the inputs. The excisable
    goods, and the raw materials and the component parts were referred to as
    "the said goods" and "the inputs" respectively in the notification. In the
    Appendix to the notification, in paragraphs 3 and 5 (d) and (e) it was, inter
    a/ia, provided as follows:
E
          xxx                             xxx                     xxx
                 "3. If the duty paid on the inputs (on which credit has been taken)
            is varied subsequently due to any person resulting in payment of
            refund to, or recovery of more duty from, the manufacturer of the
F           inputs, the credit taken shall be varied accordingly by adjustment in
            the credit account maintained under paragraph 5 of this Appendix or
            in the account-current maintained under sub-rule (I) of rule 9, or sub-
                                                                                       -
            rule (I) of rule 173-G, of the Central Excise Rules, 1944, or, if such
            adjustment be not possible for any reason, by refund to, or as the case
            may be, cash recovery from the manufacturer of the said goods.
G
            xxx                        xxx                         xxx
              ,
            5. A manufacturer of the said goods shall

            (d) maintain an account in Parts I and II of Form R.G. 23 in Appendix
H           I to the Central Excise Rules, 1944;
   C.C.E. v. SMITHKLINEBEECHAMCONSUMERHEALTHCARE(ARIJITPASAYAT, J.] 637

         (e) maintain in respect of the duty payable on the said goods an           A
         account-current with the Collector of Central Excise with adequate
         credit balance to cover payment of Central Excise duty leviable on
         the said goods cleared at any time."

        The scope and ambit of the afore-said paragraphs form subject matter
  of consideration in these appeals. Sellers of the inputs as descri~ed above,      B
  filed writ applications before the Delhi High Court and took the stand that
  Malt and Malt Extracts were not dutiable in terms of notification no. 55175.
  The High Court accepted this stand of the Sellers. The Sellers had paid excise
  duty on the inputs, and, therefore, the assessee had taken credit in respect of
  the amount of duty paid on the inputs. Pursuant to the High Court's order         C
  appellant had refunded the duty. Barmalt took refund of the amounts paid on
  8.11.1985 and 14.11.1985, while Malt India was refunded the amount involved
  on 8.5.1987. On 7.9.1987 a Demand show-cause notice was issued by the
  Assistant Collector requiring it to show-cause as to why the amount of duty
  involved in the set off be not recovered from it under paragraph 3 of the
  Appendix to the notification no.20111979. Assessee submitted its reply taking     D
· the stand that the notice was issued beyond the prescribed period of limitation
  under Section 11 A of the Act. In any event, cash recovery was not permissible
  and what at the most the authorities could do was to adjust the amount from
  the credit account maintained in terms of paragraph 5. The plea did- not find
  acceptance and by order dated 22.12.1987 the Assistant Collector confirmed        E
  the demand. Appeals before the Collector of Central .Excise (Appeals) did not
  bring any relief to the assessee who carried the matter in further appeals
  before the Tribunal. By the impugned judgment, Tri burial set aside the orders
  of the authorities holding that the case was covered under Section I IA of the
  Act-and, therefore, the actions initiated were beyond the prescribed period of
  limitation.                                                                       F
        In support of the appeals, l\1r. A.K. Ganguli, learned senior counsel,
 submitted that the Tribunal's conclusions are indefensible. Paragraph 3 of the
 Appendix and Section 11 A operate in different fields. While ~'ct ion 11 A
 relates to non-levy or short-levy, paragraph 3 of the Appe!Jdix deals with
 sitm1tions where there is variation of duty paid on the inputs of which credit · G
 has been taken subsequently due to "any reason"

       In any event, according to him, Section 38A of the Act introduced by
 Act 14 of 2001 holds the field, and even if the notification no. 201179. was
 rescinded w.e.f. 1.3.1986, the same is of no consequence. Particular reference     H
    638                    SUPREME COURT REPORTS (2002) SUPP. 5 S.C.R.

A   is made to clause (c) of the said provision. According to him assessee had an
    obligation fixed statutorily to pay the difference in case of a variation of the
    duty paid on the inputs. There was a corresponding crystalis~d right available
    to the authorities to make necessary changes. It was pointed out that in a
    given situation the assessee could also benefit from the change.

B          Learned counsel for the assessee on the other hand contended that
    Section I IA of the Act is clearly applicable because what was paid by the
    assessee was less than what was payable by it because of the set off availed
    and it is a case of short-levy. What was collected was less than the amount
    collectable, and, therefore,. there is short-levy. As the notification itself has
C   been rescinded w.e.f. 1.3.1986, no action could be taken in terms of paragraph.
    3 of the Appendix to the notification. Though this point was taken before the
    Tribunal, no finding specifically was recorded by it in this regard. With
    reference to Clause (a) of Section 38A, it is submitted that there was nothing
    in existence which could be revived, as the set-off had been rightly granted.
    The refund in terms of the High Court's order was granted much after 1.3.1986.
D   Therefore, .the provision does not assist the appellant. Alternatively, it was
    submitted that the assessee is placed in a piquant situation, because the sellers
    of the inputs have taken..the refund and duty burden is being fastened on the
    assesseee. With reference to the decision of this Court in the case of one of
    the sellers i.e. Barmalt in Union of India and Ors. v. Barmalt (India) ltd.
E   Gurgaon and Ors., [1997] 5 sec 748 it was submitted that the ratio is
    applicable so far as other parties a_re concerned and the procedure adopted in
    terms of that judgment applied. It is to be noted that the present dispute has
    become academic so far as Barmalt is concerned, because of the aforesaid
    judgment. In any event it was contended there was no scope for demanding
    payment of duty when paragraph 5 to the Appendix permits adjustment.
F
          Mr. D.A. Dave, learned senior counsel appearing for the sellers who
    were added as parties as per this Court's order dated 1.8.2001, submitted that
    the procedure adopted in Barmalt case (supra) cannot be applied to others in
    view of what has been specifically stated by this Court in the said case.

G          From the impugned order it is noted that the Tribunal referred to an
    earlier judgment by it in the case of Bakeman Home Products v. Collector
    of Ce111ral Excise, ( 1990) 48 EL T 518 and held that Section 11 A was
    applii:able.

           The said provision reads as follows:
H
  C.C.E. v. SMITHKLINE BEECHAM CONSUMER HEALTH CARE (ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.) 639

          "11 A. Recovery of duties not levied or not paid or short-levied or      A
         short-paid or erroneously refunded; (I) When any duty of excise
         duty has not been levied or paid or has been short-levied or short-
        .paid or erroneously refunded, whether or not such non-levy or non-
         payment, short-levy or short payment or erroneous refund, as the
         case may be, was on the basis of any approval, acceptance or
         assessment relating to the rate of duty on or valuation of excisable      B
         goods under any other provisions of this Act .or the rule made
        thereunder, a Central Excise Officer may, within one year from the
         relevant date, serve notice on the person chargeable with the duty
         which has not been levied or paid or which has been short-levied or
         short-paid or to whom the refund has erroneously been made, requiring     C
         him to show cause why he should not pay the amount specified in the
         notice:

            Provided that where any duty of excise has not been levied or
        paid or has been short-levied or short-paid or erroneously refunded
        by reason offraud, collusion or any wilful misstatement or suppression D
        of facts, or contravention of any of the provisions of this Act or of
        the rules made thereunder with intent to evade payment of duty, by
        such person or his agent, the provisions of this sub-section shall have - ·
        effect.

            Provided further that where the amount of duty which has not           E
        been levied or paid or has been short-levied or short-paid or
        erroneously refunded is one crore of rupees or less a notice under this
        sub-section shall be served by the Commissioner of Central Excise or
        with his prior approval by any officer subordinate to him;

            Provided also that where the amount of duty which has not been         F
        levied or paid or has been short-levied or short-paid or erroneously
        refunded is more than one crore rupees, no notice under this sub-
        section shall be served without the prior approval of the Chief
        Commissioner of Central Excise;

            Explanation - Where the service of the notice is stayed by an          G
        order of a court, the period of such stay shall be excluded in computing
        the aforesaid period of one year or five years as the case may be."

     A bare reading of the provisions makes it clear that it deals with recovery
of duty not levied or not paid or short-levied or short-paid or erroneously
                                                                                   H
    640                     SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2002] SUPP. 5 S.C.R.

A refunded. The scheme under the notification no.201179 operated in a different
  field altogether. There was- no short-levy or non-levy. The levy was made as
  per the applicable statutes. Only a benefit was granted to the manufacturer in
  respect of the duty already paid on the inputs which constitute raw materials
  or component parts in the excisable goods. The benefit was granted by exercise
B of powers conferred by sub-rule (I) of Rule 8 of th~ Rules providing exemption
  of all excisable goods _on which duty of excise is leviable and in the
  manufacture of which some other goods have been used as inputs. If the
  inputs have suffered duty, the quantum thereof was allowed to be set-off..
  There is no variation of the duty leviable. That is invariable. What is determined
  is the quantum of duty payable after adjustment of the duty paid on the
C inputs. Section 3 is the charging Section and Section 4 deals with valuation
  of excisable goods for the purposes of charging duties of excise. Section
   I IA, which was introduced with effect from 17.11.1980, provides for recovery
  of duties not levied or not paid or short-levied or short-paid or erroneously
  refunded. It is to be noted that the scheme under the notification is essentially
  linked with quantification and collection. The method of collection does not
D affect the essence of duty, but only relates to the machinery of collection for
  administrative convenience. As noted by this Court in Assistant Collector of
  Central Excise, Cafculla Division v. National Tobacco Co. of India ltd.,
  [1972) 2 sec 560, the term "levy" is wider in its import than the tern!
  "assessment". It may include both "imposition"_ as well as "assessment".
E Imposition is generally used for levy of a duty or tax by legislative provisions
   indicating the subject matter of levy and ra!e of levy. Levy of duty does not
  mean actual collection, there is a conceptual difference. The charging provision
  Section 3(1) specifically says: "There shall be levied and collected in such a
   manner as may be prescribed the duty of excise ....". Both the expressions
  "levy" and "collected" are used. Therefore, lesser collection of duty because
F the adjustment of duty paid on inputs is not a case of short-levy as contended
   by learned counsel for assessee. The notification in question was issued under
   sub-rule (I) of Rule 8. Said Rule, omitted vide Notification No.19/88 CE
   dated 1.7.1988 dealt with power to authorize exemption from duty in special
   cases. If exemption is granted under Rule 8( I), goods do not cease to be
G excisable goods and levy of duty is not erased. Emphasis was on the duty of
   excise leviable on the manufactured item and duty of excise paid on the
   inputs available for adjustment. Therefore, Section 11 A had no application to
   such a situation. To that extent the Tribunal was not justified in its conclusions;
   but that is not the end of the controversy. It appears that the assessee had
   specifically questioned applicability of the notification after same was
H rescinded. Tribunal has not recorded any finding in this regard. The effect of
    C.C.E. v. SMITHKLINEBEECHAM CONSUMER HEALTHCARE [ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.) 641

    Section 38A, which was introduced with retrospective effect, is also to be          A
    considered. We, therefore, deem it proper to remand the matter back to the
· . Tribunal for consideration of these aspects. If the Tribunal holds that after the
    notification was rescinded w.e.f. 1.3.1986; paragraph 3 of the Appendix
    became inoperative, then the position would be different. While considering
    that aspect the effect of Section 38A has to be kept in view. In case the
    Tribunal comes to the conclusion that paragraph 3 of the Appendix was               B
    applicable because of Section 38(A)(C), it has to consider the further stand
    of the assessee about adjustment in the credit account maintained under
    paragraph 5 of the Appendix.

       Needless to say that the Tribunal shall consider these aspects after due         C
 notice to the parties. Liability, if any, of the sellers of inputs except Barmalt
 is a controversy with which we are not presently concerned and, therefore,
 we do not think it necessary to express any opinion in that regard. The
 appeals are accordingly disposed of.

 K.K.T.                                                      Appeals disposed of.