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High Court of Gujarat

DHANARAM @ DINESH S/O JAGTARAM SANGRAMJI UNAJI KALBIversusSTATE OF GUJARAT

Disposal
38-RULE ABSOLUTE/ALLOWED @ FH

Holding

The Court held that the applicant is entitled to regular bail under Section 483 BNSS, subject to prescribed conditions.

Summary

The applicant, Dhanaram @ Dinesh, was arrested in connection with a cheating and criminal breach of trust case under Sections 316(5) and 3(5) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023, arising from a commercial dispute over unpaid goods worth Rs.61.08 lakh. He filed an application for regular bail under Section 483 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023, claiming innocence and asserting that no further recovery is required. The State opposed bail, citing the gravity of the offence. The Court examined factors such as the non‑serious nature of the offence, lack of prior criminal record, the commercial character of the dispute, and the principle that bail is the rule and jail the exception, referencing Supreme Court precedents. Concluding that the case warranted bail, the Court granted regular bail on a personal bond of Rs.25,000 with a surety and imposed several conditions, including monthly police reporting and surrender of passport.

Issues considered

  • Whether regular bail can be granted under Section 483 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 for offences punishable under Sections 316(5) and 3(5) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023.
  • Whether the commercial nature of the dispute and the absence of a life or death penalty justify the grant of bail.
  • What conditions may be imposed to ensure the accused's presence at trial and prevent tampering with evidence.

Legislation cited

Subjects

regular bailcheatingcriminal breach of trustBharatiya Nagarik Suraksha SanhitaBharatiya Nyaya Sanhitapre‑trial detentionpersonal libertyArticle 21Gujarat High Court

Judgment

    R/CR.MA/14844/2026                                 ORDER DATED: 02/07/2026




 IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
   R/CRIMINAL MISC.APPLICATION (FOR REGULAR BAIL - BEFORE
                 CHARGESHEET) NO. 14844 of 2026
==========================================================
    DHANARAM @ DINESH S/O JAGTARAM SANGRAMJI UNAJI KALBI
                                Versus
                         STATE OF GUJARAT
==========================================================
Appearance:
A R SHAH(7768) for the Applicant(s) No. 1
MR MAHARSHI V. VYAS(21050) for the Applicant(s) No. 1
MR HIMANSHU PATEL, APP for the Respondent(s) No. 1
==========================================================
  CORAM:HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE HASMUKH D. SUTHAR

                             Date : 02/07/2026
                                  ORDER

[1.0] RULE. Learned APP waives service of rule for the respondent-State.

[2.0] The present application is filed under Section 483 of the Bharatiya
Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (for short “BNSS”) for regular bail in
connection with FIR being C.R. No.11208050260322 of 2026 registered with
‘A’ Division Police Station, Rajkot City for the offences punishable under
Sections 316(5) and 3(5) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (for short
“BNS”).

[3.0] Learned advocate appearing on behalf of the applicant submits that
applicant is innocent and has been falsely implicated in the offence and now
nothing is required to be recovered or discovered. He therefore submits
that, considering the nature of the offence, the applicant may be enlarged
on regular bail by imposing suitable conditions.

[4.0] Learned APP appearing on behalf of the respondent-State has
opposed the present application and requested to dismiss the present
application for regular bail looking to the nature and gravity of the offence.




                                   Page 1 of 4
      R/CR.MA/14844/2026                                   ORDER DATED: 02/07/2026




[5.0] While granting bail, the Court has to consider the involvement of the
accused in the alleged offence, the jurisdiction to grant bail has to be
exercised on the basis of the well settled principles having regard to the
facts and circumstances of each case and the following factors are to be
taken into consideration while considering an application for bail: (i) the
nature of accusation and the severity of the punishment and the nature of
the materials relied upon by the prosecution; (ii) reasonable apprehension
of tampering with the witnesses and threat to the complainant or the
witnesses; (iii) reasonable possibility of securing the presence of the
accused at the time of trial or the likelihood of his abscondence; (iv)
character behaviour and standing of the accused and the circumstances
which are peculiar to the accused; (v) larger interest of the public or the
State and similar other considerations are required to be considered.

[6.0] I have heard the learned advocates appearing on behalf of the
respective parties and perused the investigation papers. Following aspects
have been considered:
(1)       The allegation against the applicant is that present applicant and
          accused No.1 were running a partnership business in the name and
          style of Shreeji Trade Link and they purchased goods from the
          complainant and after making part payment, remaining payment of
          Rs.61.08 lakh was not made and business was closed and thus, the
          offence of cheating and criminal breach of trust was committed.
          However, perusing the record, it appears that business was handed
          over by the applicant to accused No.1 i.e. partner of the present
          applicant and he went to Rajasthan at his native. Even otherwise the
          dispute is of commercial nature and substantial part of investigation
          is over;

(2)       None of the offence alleged is punishable with life sentence or
          death penalty and is triable by the Court of Magistrate;

(3)       Applicant is behind the bars since 24.05.2026;


                                    Page 2 of 4
      R/CR.MA/14844/2026                                  ORDER DATED: 02/07/2026




(4)          There is nothing to be recovered or discovered from the applicant;

(5)          The applicant is not having any past antecedent;

(6)          Obviously commencement and conclusion of trial will take some
             time.

[7.0] This Court has also taken into consideration the law laid down by the
Hon'ble Apex Court in the case of Sanjay Chandra vs. Central Bureau of
Investigation reported in [2012]1 SCC 40 as well as in the case of
Gudikanti Narasimhulu And Ors vs. Public Prosecutor, High Court of
Andhra Pradesh reported in (1978)1 SCC 240. Obviously, the conclusion of
trial will take time and keeping the accused behind the bars is nothing but
amounts to pre-trial conviction and therefore, considering the celebrated
principle of bail jurisprudence is that “bail is a rule and jail is exception” as
well as the concept of personal liberty guaranteed under Article 21 of the
Constitution of India, present application deserves consideration.

[8.0] In the facts and circumstances of the case and considering the nature
of the allegations made against the applicant in the FIR, without discussing
the evidence in detail, prima facie, this Court is of the opinion that this is a fit
case to exercise the discretion and enlarge the applicant on regular bail.
Hence, the present application is allowed. The applicant is ordered to be
released        on   regular   bail   in   connection   with    FIR   being         C.R.
No.11208050260322 of 2026 registered with ‘A’ Division Police Station,
Rajkot City on executing a personal bond of Rs.25,000/- (Rupees Twenty-
five Thousand only) with one surety of the like amount to the satisfaction of
the trial Court and subject to the conditions that he shall;
       (a)      not take undue advantage of liberty or misuse liberty;

       (b)      not act in a manner injurious to the interest of the prosecution &
                shall not obstruct or hamper the police investigation and shall
                not to play mischief with the evidence collected or yet to be
                collected by the police;




                                       Page 3 of 4
    R/CR.MA/14844/2026                                                           ORDER DATED: 02/07/2026




       (c)     surrender passport, if any, to the Trial Court within a week;

     (d)      not leave the State of Gujarat without prior permission of the
              Trial Court concerned;

     (e)      mark presence before the concerned Police Station once in a
              month for a period of six months between 11.00 a.m. and 2.00
              p.m.;

     (f)      furnish the UIDAI Number, Contact Number/s, Passport Number
              (if he is having the passport), E-mail address and present address
              of his residence to the Investigating Officer and also to the Court
              at the time of execution of the bond and shall not change the
              residence without prior permission of Trial Court;

     (h)      not to indulge in any illegal activity or any similar type of offence
              failing which concerned Investigating Officer shall have liberty to
              file an application for cancellation of bail against the present
              applicant.


[9.0] The authorities will release the applicant only if he is not required in
connection with any other offence for the time being. If breach of any of the
above conditions is committed, the Sessions Judge concerned will be free to
issue warrant or take appropriate action in the matter.

[10.0]            Bail bond to be executed before the lower Court having
jurisdiction to try the case. It will be open for the concerned Court to delete,
modify and/or relax any of the above conditions, in accordance with law.

[11.0]            At the trial, the trial Court shall not be influenced by the
observations of preliminary nature qua the evidence at this stage made by
this Court while enlarging the applicant on bail.

[12.0]            Rule is made absolute to the aforesaid extent. Direct service is
permitted.



                                                                      (HASMUKH D. SUTHAR, J.)
Ajay
   Original copy of this order has been signed by the Hon'ble Judge.
   Digitally signed by: AJAY CHANDRAN MENON(HC00939), PRINCIPAL PRIVATE SECRETARY, at High Court of Gujarat on 02/07/2026 14:54:05




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