GRID CORPORATION OF ORISSA AND ORS.versusRASANANDA DAS

               GRID CORPORATION OF ORISSA AND ORS.                              A
                                        v.
                              RASANANDA DAS

                             SEPTEMBER 26, 2003

         [SHIV ARAJ V. PATIL AND D.M. DHARMADHIKARI, JJ.]                       B
         Service Law :

          Pay Scale-Orissa State Electricity Board-Regulation of Board
    prescribing 58 years as age ofsuperannuation-Some employees of Board C
    entitled to continue till 60 years by virtue ofbenefit of condition ofservice '
    given to them-Board giving better pay scales ofBoard to such employees-
    Dispute arising regarding pay scale applicable to such employees from the
    age of 58 to 60 years-Held, no prohibition from giving better scales and
    it was given without any reservation and hence cannot be taken away-
    Electricity (Supply) Act, 1948-Section 60.                                    D
t
         Workmen employed in Hirakud Dam Project were getting pay
    scales applicable to employees in work-charged establishment of the
    Central Public Works Department (CPWD). State Government took
    over Project w.e.f. 1.4.1960 with understanding that employees recruited 'E
    prior to 1.4.1960 be allowed to continue on the same scales of pay and
    conditions of service as were -applicable to them on 31.3.1960 and the
    said workmen continued to work under different departments of the
    State Government. Workmen employed subsequent to 1.4.1960 were
    paid pay scales applicable to the employees of work-charged
    establishments of the State Government. In disputes regarding disparity .F
>
    of pay scales between workmen employed prior to 1.4.1960 and those.·
    employed thereafter, this Court held that workmen employed prior to
    1.4.1960 are entitled to the same scale of pay and other conditions of
    service as before as if they were employees of the work-charged
    establishments of the CPWD.                                              G
         Workmen working in Electrical Departntent on the formation of
    Orissa State Electricity Board were continued in service under the said
    Board. Regulation of Board prescribed age of superannuation of 58
    years. High Court while deciding the issue of age of superannuation '.H
    applicable to employees of the Board held that employees working in
                                        45
    46                 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2003] SUPP. 4 S.C.R.
A the work charged establishments of ~frakud Project prior to 1.4.1960
     were entitled to continue till the age of 60 years because of statutory
     protection given to such employees under Section 60 of the Electricity
     (Supply) Act, 1948. The scale of pay to employees of the Board was
     higher than scale of ·pay. available to employees of CPWD and
B respondent-workmen formerly. employees of work charged
     establishment under. CPWD were allowed the scale of pay of Board till
     they attained .. the age of 58 years. However, dispute arose regarding
     pay scale for such employees who continued in service beyond 58 years
     till they attained superannuation at 60 years. High Court held that such
     employees are entitled to higher pay seal.es. Hence, these appeals by
<!:: the appellant-Board.
         Appellant-Board contended that respondents-workmen cann,ot
    claim double benefit and could continue in service beyond 58 years
    upto 60 years but could not insist on higher pay scale available to
D   regular employees of the Board recruited after 1.4.1960 for the period
    between the age of 58 years to 60 years and their pension and retiral
    benefits could be reckoned only on that basis.

         Respondent-workmen contended that their service conditions
    were protected and they were given higher pay scale by the appellant
E   on their own and hence the appellant cannot contend otherwise to deny
    higher pay s.;:ales for the period between the age of 58 years to 60 years.

         Dismissing the appeal, the Court

         HELD : 1. The appellants by the Office Order dated 22.7.1969
F for the various reasons stated therein gave better pay scales to the
    employees, who came from the Hirakud Project. These pay scales were
    given without any reservation or subject to any condition and also
    knowing fully well that such employees were entitled to retire at the
    age of 60 years and not at the age of 58 years. (51-H, 52-A]
G        2. There was protection of service conditions of such employees but
    there was no prohibition from improving them or giving better pay scales.
    The appellants having given better pay scales, as early in 1969, cannot
    reduce the pay scales when it comes to granting pensionary/retiral benefits
    for the period between the age of 58 to 60 years .. When the employees
H   continue to work up to the retirement age of 60 years their pay scales
       GRID CORPN. OF ORISSA v. RASANANDA DAS [PATIL, J.]              47

cannot be reduced for the period between 58 to 60 years of age. There is A
no question of taking any double advantage as sought to be contended
on behalf of the appellants in the light of the undisputed facts. Better pay
scales were given without any reservation and even at the time of giving
these pay scales it was not mentioned that after the age of 58 years they
should be governed by the regular pay scales applicable to the employees B
of the Board. There cannot be two types of pay scales one for the purpose
of continuing in service up to the age of retirement and the other for the
period between 58 to 60 years. It must be kept in mind that pension is not
a bounty but it is hard earned benefit for long service, which cannot be
taken away. (52-E-H, 53-A]
                                                                             c
     CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 5525 of
2000.

     From the Judgment and Order dated 19 .3 .99 of the Orissa High Coulff
in O.J.C. No. 5615 of 1997.
                                                                             JD
                                 WITH

     C.A. Nos. 5527-28, 5530-31, 5529 and 5526/2000, I.A. Nos. 15-116
and 19-20 in C.A. Nos. 348-49/74, SLP(C) Nos. 14650, 14653, 14755 and
14756 of 2001.
                                                                             E
    G .L. Sanghi, Raj Kumar Mehta, Ms. M. Sarada, Ms. Homa Chettri,
Ms. Meenakshi Arora, Huzefa Ahmadi, V.inoo Bhagat, Radha Shyam Jena,
M.M. Kashyap (NP) J.P. Misra for the appearing parties.

     The Judgment of the Court was delivered by
                                                                             F
     SHIVARAJ V. PATIL, J. : Civil Appeal Nos. 5525/2000, 5527-
5528/2000, 5530-553112000, 5529/2000 and 5526/2000.

      Aggrieved by the impugned orders passed by the High Court
accepting the plea of the respondents as regards higher scales of pay and G
pension, Grid Corporation of Orissa Limited and others are in appeal in
these appeals. Necessary facts required for the disposal of these appeals,
briefly stated, are the following :

      Hirakund Dam Project was initially entrusted to the Central Waterways,
Irrigation and Navigation Commission. The workmen employed therein H
    48                 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2003] SUPP. 4 S.C.R.
A were getting the pay scales applicable to the employees in the work-
  charged establishment of the Central Public'Works Department'{CPWD).
  The State liovernment took over the said' project w:e.f. l.4.1960 with
               •               '   1•      •.   ,    "i    f:,.I
                                                            J   •   '.   •   -   •

  understandmg that the work-charged employees recruited pnor to 1.4.1960
  should be allowed to continue on the sami 'scales ·~f pay' and on conditions
B of service as were applicable to them on .31.3 .1960, which is evident from
  the order of Government of O;issa dat~d ·8th September~'.' J96). Tpe .
  workmen employed subsequent to 1.4.1960 were paid pay scales applic~ble
  to the employees of the work-charged establi~J;lments of .the State
  Government. With a view to avoid disparity o(pay scales between the
  workmen employed prior 1.4.1960 and those who were employed. thereafter,
C the State Government terminated the services,oqhe employ~es ~ho..~ere .,-
  working in the work-charged establishments prior to 1.4.1960 and offered
  them fresh employment in the scale of pay applicable to the employees of
  the work-charged establishments of the State Government. This gave rise
  to dispute. Ultimately, the matter came to this Court in Civil Appeal Nos.
D 348-349 of 1974. The said appeals were allowed on 13.8.1985 by this
  Court declaring thus "We, therefore, allow this appeal and declare that the
  workmen working in the work-charged establishments of the Hirakud
  Project from before 1.4.1960 are entitled to tile same scale of pay and other
  conditions of service as before as if they were employees of the work-
E charged establishments of the Central Public Works Department." Later,
  on 20th September, 1989, this Court directed the Labour Court to identify
   1200 workmen who were entitled to the benefit of the order of this Court
  made on August 13, 1995 in "Civil Appeal Nos. 348-349 of 1974". It is
  not disputed that after the Hirakud Dam Project was taken over by the
F State Government on 1.4.1960, different workmen employed prior to
   1.4.1960 continued to work under different departments, namely Public
  Health Department, Irrigation Department and the Electrical Department.
  It is also not in dispute that the workmen working in Electrical Departme~t
  on the formation of Orissa State Electricity Board were continued in service
  under the said Board. One such employee of the Board was asked to retire
G on completion of 58 years of age on attaining superannuation applicable
  to the other employees of the Board who were appointed after 1.4.1960
  by the State Government or the Board as the case may be. He filed a Writ·
  Petition OJC No. 4507of1992 questioning the action of the Board asking
  him to retire at the age of 58 years. The said writ petition was allowed
H holding that he was entitled to contir.ue till the age of 60 years and he could
             GRID CORPN. OF ORISSA v. RASANANDA DAS !PATIL. J.j              49
      not be retired at the agt: of 58 years even though the Boards regulation A
      prescribed the age of superannuation of 58 years because of the statutory
      protection given to the employees under Section 60 of the Electricity
      (Supply) Act, 1948 notwithstanding the regulation of the Board requiring
      an employee to retire at the age of 58 years.

            Admittedly, the scale of pay to the employees of the Board was higher B
      than the scale of pay available to the employees of CPWD. It was also not
      disputed that the respondents-workmen formerly the employees of the
      work charged estabilshment u.nder CPWD prior to 1.4.1960 were allowed
      the scale of pay of the Board till they attained the age of 58 years; but the
      dispute was regarding scale of pay to be given to such employees who C '
      continued in service beyond 58 years till they attained superannuation at
      the age of 60 years following the decision of the High Court in the writ
      petition aforementioned. There is also no dispute that the respondents-
      workmen are out of the 1200 employees identified by the Labour Court
      entitled to the benefit of decision of this Court in Civil Appeal Nos. 348- D
      349 of 1974 dated 13.8.1985.

            The High Court having regard to the history of litigation, taking note
      of the undisputed facts, the order of this Court dated 13 .8.1985 passed in
      Civil Appeal Nos. 348-349of1974 and after examining the rival contentions,
      by the impugned orders rejected the contentions advanced on behalf of the E
      appellants and accepted the case as pleaded by the respondents-workmen.

             Learned Senior Counsel for the appellant-Board in these appeals,
      contended that the re~pondents-workmen cannot claim double benefit; one
      based on the decision of this Court.made on 13 .8.1985 in Civil Appeal Nos. f,
( >   348-349 of 1974 and the other on the basis of the higher pay scales
      available to the regular employees of the Board, who were recruited after
       ! .4.1960; they cannot choose only advantages wherever they are available;
      if they want the higher pay scales of the Board, they should not insist for
      the age of retirement as 60 years or else they should accept age of
      retirement as 60 years and should not claim higher pay scales than the pay G
      scales applicable to CPWD ~orkmen. H~ further contended that as per the
      rules of the Board, the respondents-workmen should retire at the age of
      58 years: even if they are to be continued till 60 years by virtue of the order
      of this Court made on l3.8. I985 in Civil Appeal Nos. 348-349 of 1974
      and the earlier proceedings that the respondents-workmen were entitled to H
    50                 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2003] SUPP. 4 S.C.R.
A retire after attaining the age of60 y~ars only meansthat they could continue
    in service beyond 58 years upto 60 years but they are not entitled for same
    pay scales applicable to ·the Board employees for the period between 58
    years to 60 years; they are only entitled for the pay scale applicable to
    CPWD employees during this perriod Of• 2 years arid their pension and
B   retiral benefitis could be reckoned only 011 that basis.
                                                  '1·.    ·,,..11    t       .   '


          Per contra, the learned ,counsel for the' respondent-workmen made
    submissions supporting the impugned order. The learned counsel pointed
                                                 as
    out that the appellants were fully aware to "the protection of their service
    conditions including their age of' retirement-as 60 ·years as early as on
c   1.4.1960; they gave higher pay scales'On tlieir owri in' 1969; it is not now
    open to contend otherwise· so as·to·deny•higher                 pay
                                                           sc~les or fixation of
    their pension or other retiral benefits on that basis.

         We have carefully considered the submissions oftheJeamed counsel
D for the parties.                  ··      ,. · ·  :I

          By.the order dated 13.8.1995, passed b"y'this Court in Civil Appeal
    Nos. 348 and 349 of t 974 this Court declared that "the workmen working
    in the work-charged establishments of the Hiraki.id Project from before
    1.4,.1960 are entitled to the satrie scales of pay ·and other conditions of
R   serwice as before as if· they 1were "employees ·of the work-charged
    est<;tblishments of the Central Public~Works Department". It is not disput~d
    that the age of superannuation in case of the workmen working inthe work:
    charged establishments ofthe Hirakud Project prior to J'.4.196'0 was 60
    years. In view of the declaration rirnde by this' Court, undoubtedly, s1,1ch
F   workmen were entitled to retire at the age of 60 years after attaining th~
    age of superannuation. When one such employee of the Board was asked
           ~                             j   •     t·· .
                                                      ;                  <           •

    to retire at the age of 58 years, which was the age of superannuation
    applicable to the employees of the Board,' he filed a writ petition O.J.C.
    No. 4507 of 1992 in the High Coutt. The writ petition was aBowed by the
G   High Court on 16.12.1992 obser,;ing thus :              ·'

             "4. Having heard learned counsel· for both parties at length, we
             find that there is no scope for a dispute that the· petitioner is one
             of the J2oo workmen, who.was originally engaged in the Central
             Government as a work-charged employee and whose services
H            were transferred to the State Government, as a consequence· of
             GRID CORPN. OF ORISSA v. RASANANDA DAS [PATIL, .I.]            51

              taking over the Hirakund Dam Project by the State Government. A
              It is also true that the petitioner's services were placed under the
              Electricity Board. where he had been continuing. The Electricity
              Board after it was constituted under the Electricity (Supply) Act,
              1948 has framed its own regulation governing the conditions of
              services of its employees relying on which Mr. Patch appearing B
              for the opp. Parties justifies the impugned order. But Section 60
              of the aforesaia Act provides among other things that •

                   'All debts and obligations incurred, all contracts entered into
                   and all matters and things engaged to be done by, with or
                   for the State Government for any of the purposes of this Act C
                   before the first constitution of the Board shall be deemed to
                   have been incurred, entered into or engaged to be done by,
                   with or for the Board.'

                   Thus the service conditions of the petitioner are to be D
              protected and cannot be changed to his determent by virtue of the
              regulation of the Board.

              5. We, therefore, conclude that the pettttoner is entitled to
              continue till the age of 60 years and cannot be tenninated at the
              age of 58 years, even though the Board's Regulation prescribes E
              the age of 58 years to be the age of superannuation, this is so
              because of the statutory protection given to the employees u/s. 60
              of the Act and the Board's regulation to this extent must be held
              to be not applicable to the petitioner and simil~rly placed
              employees."                                                        F
' ;
           We are informed that the special leave petition tiled against this order
      in Court was also dismissed. Thus, the issue that the employees, who were
      working in the work-charged establishments of the Hirakud Project prior
      to 1.4.1960 and when finally they became the employees of the Board,
      could be retired only after their attaining the age of superannuation on G
      completion of 60 years. The appellants by the Office Order No. AW. L W.
      - 11.65/69/8398 dated 22.7.1969 for the various reasons stated therein
      gave better pay scales to the employees, who came from the Hirakud
      Project. These pay scales were given without any reservation or subject to
      any condition and also knowing fully well that such employees were         H
    52                  SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2003] SUPP: 4 S.C.R.

A entitiled to retire at the age of 60 yea·rs·and'not at the age of 58 years. Apart
    from the order of this Court passed in the aforementioned appeals, the High
    Court in the impugned order, referring to· Section 60 of the Electricity
    (supply) Act, 1948, pointed out to'the order passed in O.J.C. No. 4507 of
    1992 that the service conditions of such employees are to be. protected and
B cannot be changed to their disadvantage or detriment!of their" interest by
    virtue of the regulation of the Board. As already stated ·above, the special
    leave petition against the said order was dismissed by this Court. The High
    Court was right in taking the view that although the service conditions of
    such employees could not be changed.to their disadvantage by reducing
C . their scales ~f pay ?r. taking away ~ny ot~1e~ service benefit, it cannot be
 ·· understood as depnvmg of the benefit of higher scale of pay to them as
    given to other employees of the 'same efnployer. The High C~urt in the said
    order also observed that there was a bar fo change the service conditions
    of such employees to their detriment ~n·d there was 'no bar to offer such ·
    emp~oyees better prospects.
D
         We may add that there .was protecti<?n· of service coriditio~~ of such
   employees but there was no prohibition from Improving them or giving
   better pay sc'ales. The appellants having given better pay scales, as early
   in 1969, cannot reduce the pay scales \Vhen it comes to granting pensionary/
E retiral benefits for the period between the age of ~.8 to 60 years. The
   argument advanced in this regard that although th~ employees are entitled
   to continue in service up to the age of 60 years bu~ during the period of
   58 to 60 years they should not be governed by the pay scale applicable
   to regular employees of the Board cannot be accepted. _When the employees

F' continue to work up to the retirement age of 60 years their Pl!Y    . scales
   cannot be reduced for the period between 58 to 60 years. There is no
   question of taking any double advantage as sought to be contended on
   behalf of the appellants in the light .of.the undisputed facts. Better pay
   scales were given without any reservation and even .at the time of giving
   these pay scales it was not mentioned that after the age of 58 years they
G should be governed by the regular pay scales applicable to the employees
   of the Board. There cannot be two types ofpay scales one for the purpose,
   of continuing in service up to the age of retirement and the other for the
   period between 58 to 60 years. It must be kept in mind that pension is not
   a bounty but it is hard-earned benefit for'long service, which cannot be
H taken away.                                   ·. , · '              .,
         GRID CORPN. OF ORISSA v. RASANANDA DAS [PATIL, J.]              53

     Looking to the facts found and the reasons recorded by the High A
Court in the impugned orders we cannot find fault with them. These
appeals do not have any merit. Consequently they are dismissed with no
order as to costs.

I.A. Nos. 15-16 and 19-20 in CA. Nos. 348-34911974
                                                                               B
      In these I.As. applicants have sought for certain directions relating to
fixing of time limit for filing applications by the employees for identification
before the Labour Court pursuant to the judgment dated 13.8.1985 in Civil
Appeal Nos. 348 an 349 of 1974, with regard to payment of interest@
10% per annum from the particular date and to pay errears of rent as to O
the quarters occupied by the employees at the market rate/penal rent in
accordance with the Rules for the period after the amployees attained the
age of 60 years with interest. It is needless to state that those employees,
who have overstayed after attaining the age of 60 years and who have not
vacated the quarters after attaining the age of 60 years, shall pay arrears
of rent/penal rent in accordance with the Rules for the period of their D
occupation and they shall have to vacate the quarters occupied by them.
They cannot continue occupying the quarters after their retirement even at
the age of 60 years. As regards the belated claims for identification of the
workmen and the payment of interest on their arrears due, appropriate
orders are to b~ passed in the light of the earlier orders of this Court and E
the order passed in the aforementioned appeals. The I.As. are disposed of
accordingly.

Special Leave Petition (C) Nos. 1465012001, 1465312001, 1475512001 and
1475612001.
                                                                               F
      We do not find any merit in these petitions. Plain reading of the
impugned orders shows that the appellants did not dispute the claims made
by the respondents. In a way they conceded. In this view no further exercise
is to be made in dealing with these petitions. Hence, they are dismissed.
                                                                               G
A.K.T.                                                   Appeal dismissed.