K. CHITHHAYANversusSTATE OF TAMIL NADU

                          [2008] 8 S.C.R. 941

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                           K. CHITHHAYAN                              A
                                   V.
                       STATE OF TAMIL NADU
                  (Criminal Appeal No. 827 of 2005)
                               May 15, 2008
                                                                      B
         [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT AND P. SATHASIVAM, JJ]

         NARCOTIC DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUB-
     STANCES ACT, 1985:
           ss 42(2), 43 and 50 - Search of bag belonging to ac-       c
     cused conducted in a public place-Bag contained contraband
     item - Conviction by trial court and sentence of 10 years RI -
     Upheld by High Court - HELD: Since search was made in
     public place and not in a building, s. 43 and not s.42(2) was
     applicable-As there was no personal search, s.50 has no ap-      D
 ~   plication - There is no infirmity in judgment of High Court to
     warrant interference.
           The appellant was found carrying 2 kg Diazepam in
     a bag. The trial court convicted him uls 22 of the Narcotic
     Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985, and sen-            E
     tenced him to 10 years rigorous imprisonment. The con-
     viction and sentence was upheld by the High Court.
           In the instant appeal it was contended for the appel-
     lant that the courts below failed to take into consideration     F
     that there was non-compliance of requirements of sec-
     tions 42(2) and 50 of the Act.
          Dismissing the appeal, the Court
           HELD: 1. So far as Section 42(2) of the Narcotic Drugs G
..   and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 is concerned, it
     is to be noted that search was made in public place and
     not in a building and, as such, Section 43 and not Section
     42(2) of the Act was applicable. [para 6] [945-D-E]
                                  941                                 H
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    942       SUPREME COURT REPORTS                  [2008] 8 S.C.R.


A         State of Punjab vs. Baldev Singh 1999 (6) SCC 172;           1-
    State of Haryana v. Jamail Singh and Ors. 2004 (5) SCC 188
    - relied on
       2. As regards applicability of Section 50 of the Act,
  there was search of the bag carried by the appellant and
B there was no personal search. Therefore, Section 50 of
  the Act has no application. [para 7] [942-F]
          State of H.P v Pawan Kumar 2005 (4) SCC 350-relied on        ¥

          3. There is no infirmity in the judgment of the High
c Court to warrant interference. [para 8] [942-G]
         CRIMINALAPPELLATE JURISDICTION: Criminal Appeal
    No. 827 of 2005
       From the final Judgment and Order dated 4.8.2003 of the
D High Court of Judicature at Madras in C.A. No. 653/2001
          K. Sarada Devi for the Appellant.
         R.Shunmugasundaram, S.J.Aristotle, Prabu Ramasubramanian
    and V.G. Pragasam for the Respondent.
E
          The Judgment of the Court was delivered by
        Dr. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J. 1. Challenge in this appeal is to the
  judgment of a learned Single Judge of the Madras High Court up-
  holding the conviction of the appellant for offence punishable un-   ,(

F der Section 8 (c) read with Section 22 of the Narcotic Drugs and
  Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (in short the 'Act') and sen-
  tence of 10 years rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.1,00,000/
  - as was imposed by learned Special Judge, Salem.
          2. Background facts in a nutshell are as follows:
G
         Veerannan (PW-1), Sub Inspector of Police, attached to
    N.l.B. C.l.D., Salem on 16.12.1999 at about 9.00 A.M. along        •
    with Vellingiri (PW-4), Head Constable No.910 and other Po-
    lice party on . secret i,nformation were patrolling at
    Pethanayakkampalaym Bus Stop. They found activities of the
H
                        K. CHITHHAYAN v. STATE OF                   943
                    TAMIL NADU [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.]

-   )-   appellant/accused, who stood near the bus stop with a yellow A
         colour bag on his right hand, at about 12.00 noon, to be suspi-
         cious. P.W.1 after introducing himself, conveyed to him that he
         is entitled for the conduct of the search before a Gazetted Of-
         ficer or a Judicial Magistrate. The accused gave consent to be
         searched by the official himself. Accordingly, P.W.1 searched B
         his bag in the presence of the two independent witnesses namely
         Duraisamy (PW-2), Village Administrative Assistant and
         Duraisamy Assistant (PW-3) and P.W.4 Head Constable and
'        found 2 Kilograms of Diazepam. P.W.1 seized the same under
         Ex.P2 mahazar in the presence of the said witnesses. He took     c
         two samples of 25 grams each marked as M.0.2 and affixed
         the seal and the rest of the contraband was sealed, which is
         marked as M.0.1.The appellant/accused was arrested under
         Ex.P3 arrest memo, a copy of which was served on him. The
         accused was brought to the Office, and a case was registered
                                                                           D
         in Crime No. 91/99 under Sec. 20(b) (1) of the Act. Ex.P4 printed
         F.l.R. was prepared. The accused was taken to the concerned
         Court along with the F.l.R and the material objects. A detailed
         report under Ex.P5 under Sec.57 of'the Act was prepared and
         sent to the higher officials. Sankarapandian (PW-6), Inspector
         of police, NIB CID, Salem took up further investigation after E
         obtaining Ex.P5 and other relevant records from PW-1. He pro-
         ceeded to the site of occurrence and also to the house of the
         accused, made a search in front of the witnesses, prepared
         Ex.P7 search memo, examined PWs 1 to 4 and recorded their
         statements. The investigating officer (PW-6) made a request F
         under Ex.PB to the Court for sending M.0.2 for chemical analy-
         sis. Accordingly, the sample was analysed by Arulanandam
         (PW-5) Scientific Assistant attached to the Forensic Labora-
         tory, who found that the sample under M.0.2 is diazepam. PW-
         5 sent Ex.P6 report to the Court. On 19.1.2002 PW-6 exam- G
.        ined PW-5 and recorded his statement. On completion of the
         investigation, PW-6 filed a charge sheet against the accused
         under Section 22 of the Act.
              Since the accused pleaded innocence the trial was held.
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    944       SUPREME COURT REPORTS                    [2008] 8 S.C.R.


                                                                           -f -
A Six witnesses were examined and several exhibits and mate-                      )-
  rial objects were brought on record. In his examination under
  Section 313 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (in short
  the 'Code') the accused-appellant flatly denied the accusations.
  He examined his wife as PW-1. The trial Court found that the
B prosecution has been able to establish its accusations. Two
  grounds were taken before the High Court relating to the al-
  leged non compliance of the mandatory provisions of Sections
                                                                             ~
  42(2) and the other 50 of the Act. The High Court did not find
  any substance. Accordingly, the appeal was dismissed.
c         3. In support of the appeal, learned counsel for the appel-
    lant submitted that even if the prosecution case is accepted in
    toto there is clear material to show the contravention of the re-
    quirements of Sections 42(2) and 50 of the Act.
        4. Learned counsel for the respondent-State supported the
D
    judgments of the trial Court and the High Court.
          5. Sections 42(2) and 43 of the Act are as under:
          "42(2)-Where an officer takes down any information in
          writing under sub-section (1) or records grounds for his
E
          belief under the proviso thereto, he shall within seventy-
                                                                                  1-
                                                                                  '
          two hours send a copy thereof to his immediate official
          superior.
          43. Power of seizure and arrest in public place.-Any
F         officer of any of the departments mentioned in section 42
          may-
          (a) seize in any public place or in transit, any narcotic drug
          or psychotropic substance or controlled substance in
          respect of which he has reason to believe an offence
G         punishable under this Act has been committed, and, along                ,,,
          with such drug or substance, any animal or conveyance or            ~


          article liable to confiscation under this Act, any document
          or other article which he has reason to believe may furnish
          evidence of the commission of an offence punishable
H
                       K. CHITHHAYAN v. STATE OF                     945
                  TAMIL NADU [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.]
-)
            under this Act or any document or other article which may A
            furnish evidence of holding any illegally acquired property
            which is liable for seizure or freezing or forfeiture under
            Chapter VA of this Act;

            (b) detain and search any person whom he has reason to
            believe to have committed an offence punishable under           B
            this Act, and if such person has any narcotic drug or
            psychotropic substance or controlled substance in his
            possession and such possession appears to him to be
            unlawful, arrest him and any other person in his company.
                                                                            c
            Explanation.-For the purposes of this section, the
            expression "public place" includes any public conveyance,
            hotel, shop, or other place intended for use by, or
            accessible to, the public."

           6. So far as Section 42(2) is concerned it is to be noted        D
     that search was made in public place and not in a building and
     as such what was applicable was Section 43 and not Section
     42 (2) of the Act. The decision of this Court in §fate of Punjab
     vs. Baldev Singh (1999 (6) SCC 172) is clearly applicable to
     the facts of the present case. The view in Baldev Singh's case         E
     (supra) was re-iterated in §tate of Haryana v. Jarnail Singh
     and Ors. (2004 (5) SCC 188).
             7. So far as the applicability of Section 50 of the Act is
       concerned, it is to be noted that there was search of the bag
       carried by the appellant and there was no personal search. It        F
     . has been held in State of H.P v. Pawan Kumar (2005 (4) SCC
       350) that when there is no personal search and the search is
       effected in relation to a bag, Section 50 of the Act has no appli-
       cation.
                                                                            G
.>        8. Above being the position, we find no infirmity in the judg-
     ment of the High Court to warrant interference. The appeal is
     without merit and is dismissed accordingly.
     R.P.                                          Appeal dismissed.
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