NATHUNI RAMversusRAGHUPAT RAM AND ORS.

A                               NATHUNI RAM
                                      v.
                            RAGHUPAT RAM AND ORS.

                                FEBRUARY 23, 2007

B              [DR. ARIJITPASAYAT ANDR.V. RA VEENDRAN,JJ.]


          Code of Civil Procedure, 1908; s.100:

          Suit for declaration of title and confirmation of possession over suit
C land-Dismissed by trial Court-First appellate Court accepting claim of the
    appellant in respect ofpart of the suit land confirming possession of defendants
    on remaining part-Appeal preferred by appellant and not by defendant-
    Dismissed by High Court reversing the relief granted by first appellate
    Court-Correctness of-Held: Relief granted by first appellate Court was
D   reversed by High Court even without any challenge from defendants-Hence,
    appeal allowed to the extent confirming the relief granted to the appellant
    earlier by the first appellate Court-Practice and Procedure-Appeal.

           Appellant filed a suit for declaration of title and for confirmatiou of
    possession over the suit land. The suit was dismissed by the trial Court. On
E   appeal, the first appellate Court allowed the appellant's claim in respect of 22
    decima.I of land and allowed the defendants to have possession over 14 decimals
    of land. Aggrieved, the appellant filed an appeal under Section 100 of the Code
    of Civil Procedure, questioning correctness of the view expressed by the first
    appellate Court. Though the defendants had not questioned correctness of the
F   view expressed by the first appellate court, yet the High Court set aside the
    order of the first appellate Court and confirmed the judgment of the trial Court.
    The appeal filed by the appellant was allowed by the first appellate Court.
    Appellant still not satisfied with the judgment of first appellate Court filed an
    appeal, which was dismissed by High Court setting aside order of the first
    appellate Court. In fact, the relief that was granted to the appellant by the
G   first appellate Court was reversed. Hence the present appeal.

          Appellant contended that the course adopted by the High Court is clearly
    contrary to law; and that in the absence of an appeal by the defendants it was
    not open to the High Court to take a contrary view.

H                                          36
                          NATHUNI RAMv. RAGHUPATRAM [PASAYAT, J.]                             37
                  Allowing the appeal, the Court                                                    A
 -·
                 HELD: There are confusions galore in the High Court's order; firstly
           the appeal was dismissed but the first appellate Court's order which was in
           favour of the appellant was set aside without any challenge from the
           defendants; secondly, in the appellant's appeal the relief which was not
           questioned by anybody could not have been nullified; thirdly, the High Court's           B
           ultimate conclusion was that the appeal was allowed while it was otherwise.
           Hence, the appeal is allowed to the extent that the relief granted to the appellant
       r   by the first appellate Court stands confirmed. (Paras 10 and 11)
                                                                           (38-G-H; 39-A-B)

                 CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 910 of2007.
                                                                                                    c
                 From the Judgment and Final Order dated 14.9.2004 of the High Court
           of Jharkhand at Ranchi in Appellate Decree No. 37 of 2002.

                 Sunil Kumar, Anita Kanungo and Mridula Ray Bhardwaj for the Appellant.
                                                                                                    D
                Syed Ali Ahmad, Syed Tanweer Ahmad, S.S. Bandyopadhyay, Mohd.
           Shah Nawaz Hasan, Shabana Saifi and Mohan Pandey for the Respondents.

                 The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

                 DR. ARIJlT P ASAY AT, J. I. Leave granted.                                         E

                 2. Challenge in this appeal is to the judgment rendered by a learned
           Single Judge of the Jharkhand High Court. The plaintiff, who had filed the
           second appeal before the High Court under Section I 00 of the Code of Civil
           Procedure, 1908 (in short the 'Code'), has filed this appeal.
                                                                                                    F
 >               3. Detailed reference to the factual aspect is really unnecessary.

                 4. Plaintiff had filed the suit for declaration of title as well as confirmation
           of possession over the suit land. The description of the property was given
           as plot No. 51 measuring 36 decimal of land appertaining to Khata No. 80 of
           Village Japla, Dhorhara, District Palamu. The suit was dismissed by the learned          G
           Munsif Daltonganj .
. 1.
                 5. An appeal was carried before the first appellate court. In the appeal,
           learned Vlll Additional District Judge, Palamau held that the appellant's claim
           was to be accepted in respect of 22 decimal of land and that the defendants
                                                                                                    H
    38                     SUPREME COURT REPORTS                     [2007) 3 S.C.R.

A had got possession over 14 decimals of land. Appellant filed appeal under
    Section 100 of the Code questioning correctness of the view expressed by the
    first appellate court.

          6. Tht: following question was formulated in the second appeal treating
B   the same to be a substantial question of law.

            "Whether the Court of appeal below erred in law in rejecting plaintiffs
            claim over 14 decimals out of total 36 decimals land of plot No. 51,
            when Raiyati Settlement obtaining in 1342 Fasli was not negatived."


c of the7.judgment
            It is to be noted that the defendants had not questioned correctness
                      and decree of the first appellate Court. Hereafter starts the
    confilsion. Though the defendants had not questioned correctness of the
    view expressed by the first appellate court and even had not tried to support
    the conclusions during hearing of the second appeal filed by the appellate,
    yet the High Court set aside the order of the first appellant court and
                                                                                             --
D   consequentially confirmed the judgment of the trial court. As if that was not
    enough, in the ultimate conclusion the High Court noted that the appeal filed
    by the appellant was allowed. In fact the relief that was granted to the
    appellant by the first appellate court was reversed.
                                                                                        ..
           8. In support of the appeal learned counsel for the appellant submitted
E
    that the course adopted by the High Court is clearly contrary to law. Admittedly
    there was no appeal questioning the first appellate court's view regarding
    appellant's entitlement to 22 decimals of land. In the absence of an appeal by
    the defendants it was not open to the High Court to take a contrary view.

F          9. Learned counsel for the respondents fairly conceded that there was
    no appeal filed by them so far as the relief granted by the first appellant court
    i.e. 22 decimals of land. It was also fairly conceded that there was no stand
    taken by them before the High Court to the effect that the relief granted to
    the appellant was not legal.
G       10. As noted above there are confusions galore in the High Court's
  order; firstly the appeal was dismissed but the first appellate court's order
                                                                                        )
  which was in favour of the appellant was set aside without any challenge from
  the defendants ; secondly in the appellant's appeal the relief which was not
  questioned by anybody could not have been nullified; thirdly, the High
H Court's ultimate conclusion was that the appeal was allowed while it was
                    NATHUNI RAMv. RAGHUPATRAM [PASAYAT.J.]                     39
    otherwise.                                                                       A
           11. Above being the position we allow the appeal to the extent that the
    relief granted to the appellant by the first appellate court stands confirmed.
    The High Court's order, directing that the appellate court's judgment is to be
    reversed and that of the trial court is to be restored, cannot stand to that
    extent.                                                                          B

             12. The appeal is allowed without any orders as to costs.

    S.K.S.                                                      Appeal allowed.




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