PAL SINGH AND ORS.versusUNION TERRITORY OF CHANDIGARH

A                           PAL SINGH AND ORS.
                                    v.

                  UNION TERRITORY OF CHANDIGARH

                              SEPTEMBER 8, 1992
B
       [L.M. SHARMA, S. MOHAN AND N. VENKATACHALA, JJ.)

          Land Acquisition Act, 1894:

C         Section 23--Market Value of land-Reference Court awarding compen-
    sation--On appeal High Court detennining higher compensation as agreed to
    by parties-Subsequent judgment of the High Court awardi.~g still higher
    compensation in respect of lands in the vicinity-Whether could be acted upon
    for enhancement of compensation.

D         The petitioners who were not satisfied with the amounts of compen-
    sation awarded to them by t~e Reference Court or the acquisition of their
    lands, preferred appeals before the High Court. By a common judgment,
    the High Court determined the amounts of compensation-as was agreed
    to by counsel for the petitioners and the opposing parties. And the present
    Special Leave Petitions were filed by the claimants, contending that a
E
    subsequent judgment of the High Court has awarded higher compensation
    for land in the vicinity of acquired lands and so they were also entitled to
    the same higher compensation.

          Dismissing the Special Leave Petitions, this Court,
F
          HELD: 1.1. No doubt, a judgment of a court in a land acquisition
    case determining the market value of a land in the vicinity of the acquired
    lands, even though not interparties, c9uld be admitted in eviden~e either
    as an Instances or one from which the market value or the acquired land
    could be deduced or inferred. But what cannot be overlooked is, that for
G   a judgment relating to value of land to be admitted in evidence either as
    an instance or as one from which the market value of the acquired land
    could be inferred or deduced, must have been a previous judgment of
    Court and as an instance, it mmt have been proved by the person relying
    upon such judgment by adducing evidence allunde that due regard being
H   given to all attendant facts and circumstances, it could furnish the basis
                                        452
      PAL SINGH v. U.T. CHANDIGARH [VENKATACHALA, J.]                  453

for determining the market value of the acquired land. [455 C-F]              A
       1.2. In the instant cases, the petitioners have not produced the
judgment of the High Court on which they propose to rely for finding the
market value of their acquired lands as evideoce in their cases, in that
they could not have done so for the reason that it was not a judgment then
available to them as a previsous judgment relating to market value of land    B
in the vicinity. No evidence was also adduced by the petitioners to show
that due regard being given to all attendant facts and circumstances, it
could form the basis for determining tht market value of their acquired
lands. Hence, there is no justification to act upon a subsequent judgment
of the High Court, to enhance the market value of the lands acquired from     C
the petitioners. Moreover, when judgment is rendered by a Court deter-
mining the market value of lands acquired under the Act, by agreement of
parties, such judgment becomes final and it would not be open to any of
the parties thereto to appeal against that judgment. [455 F-H; 456 A-Cl

      H.K Mallick v. State of West Bengal, (79 Calcutta Weekly Notes and      D
Secretary of State v. Indian General Steam Navigation and Railway Co.
(l.L.R. 36 Cal. 967), referred to.

      CIVJL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Special Leave Petition (C}
~~~~                                                                          E

     From the Judgment and Order dated 27.3.1979 of the Punjab and
Haryana High Court in Regular First Appeal No. 435 of 1974.

      With S.L.P. (C} Nos. 7367, 5052, 7391, 7392, 7394 and 7395 of 1980.
                                                                              F
       Ujjagar Singh, D.V. Sehgal, A.S. Chahal, B. Kanta Rao, L.R. Singh,
Yunus Malik, Ranbir Singh Yadav, G.K. Bansal, Vimal Dave, Ms. Neelam
Kalsi, Ms. Lily Thomas, Raj Birbal and R.S. Suri for the appearing parties.

      The Judgment of the Court was delivered by
                                                                              G
       VENKATACHALA, J. Special Leave Petitions {Civil) Nos. 7366, 7367
and 5052 of 1980: As these are petitions directed against the common
judgment dated 27.3.1979 in Land Acquisition Regular First Appeals
before the High Court of Punjab and Haryana, they could be disposed of
by this common judgment.                                                H
    454                  SUPREME COURT REPORTSf1992) SUPP. 1 S.C.R.

A          Petitioners were appellants in the appeals before the High Court.
    They had preferred those appeals claiming enhanced compensation for
    their lands which had been acquired under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894
    (for short 'the Act') not having been satisfied with the amounts of compen-
    sation awarded for them by the Court of the Additional District Judge,
    Ropar on references received under Section 18 of the Act. High Court, by
B   its common judgment determined the amounts of compensation payable
    for the acquired lands of the appellants, as was agreed to by counsel for
    them and the opposing parties, thus:

            "2. Counsel for both the parties are agreed that in these
c           cases they are squarely covered by our decision in RFA
            No. 4 of 1974 Union of India v. Gursaran Singh, decided on
            8th March, 1979 and LPA No. 363 of 1978 Union of India
            v. Des Raj decided on 22nd March, 1979. None of the
            parties have argued on any point for taking a different view
            and have merely prayed, in our opinion, rightly that these
D           decisions be followed and order be passed in these terms.

            3. Without going into details facts or giving summary of the
            cases, we allow RFA Nos. 435-437 of 1974 and cross
            objections in RFA Nos. 189-191of1978 with costs and fix
E           the compensation at the following rates:-

            (i)      Chahi                     Rs. 18,750 per acre
            (ii)     Chahi Mustar              Rs. 12,500 per acre
            (iii)    and all other
                     kinds of lands            Rs. 12,000 per acre
F
            Besides the above, the claimants would be entitled to 15
            per cent solatium and interest at the rate of 6 per cent per
            annum from the date of acquisition till the payment of the
            enhanced amount. 11
G
         Yet, the appellants in the appeals before the High Court have
    presented these Special Leave Petitions, respecting the said judgment.

           The submission of learned counsel for the petitioner-claimants was
    that the claimants (appellants before the High Court) are entitled to higher
H   compensation for their acquired lands as the High Court had subsequent
      PAL SINGH v. U.T. CHANDIGARH [VENKATACHAl.A, J.]                 455

to the judgment in their appeals, awarded higher compensation for a parcel A
of land in the v:cinity of acquired lands, in deciding an appeal before it.
According to them, as a judgment of a court in a land acquisition case
determining the market value of a land in the vicinity of acquired lands,
even though not interparties, is admissible in evidence either as an instance
or one from which the market valu.e of the acquired land could be deduced
or inferred as is held by the Calcutta High Court in H.K. Mallick v. State
                                                                              B
of West Benga~ (79 Calcutta Weekly Notes at 378), the reported judgment
of the High Court to which our attention was invited, should be made the
basis for enhancement of compensation for the acquired lands of the
petitioners.
                                                                             c
       No doubt, a judgment of a court in a land acquisition case determin-
ing the market value of a land in the vicinity of the acquired lands, even
though not interparties, could be admitted in evidence either as an instance
or one from which the market value of the acquired lan_d could be deduced
or inferred as has been held by the Calcutta High Court in H.K. Mallick's D
case (supra) based on the authority of the Judicial Committee of the Privy
Council in Secretary of State v. Indian General Steam Navigation and
Railway Co., I.LR. 36 Cal. 967, where the Judicial Committee did refuse
to interfere with High Court judgment in a land acquisition case based on
previous awards, holding that no question of principle was involved in it.
But what cannot be overlooked is, that for a judgment relating to value of E
land to be admitted in evidence either as an instance or as one from which
the market value of the acquired land could be inferred or deduced, must
have been a previous judgment of Court and as an instance, it must have
been proved by the person relying upon such judgment by adducing
evidence aliunde that due regard being given to all attendant facts and F
circumstances, it could furnish the basis for determining the market value
of the acquired land. In the cases on hand, the petitioners who are
claimants claiming enhanced compensation for their acquired land have
not produced the judgment of the High Court on which they propose to
rely for finding the market value of their acquired lands as evidence in their
cases, in that they could not have done so for the reason that it was not a G
judgment then available to them as a previsous judgment relating to market
value of land in the vicinity. Much less, is there any evidence aliunde
adduced by them in the cases on hand to show that due regard being given
to all attendant facts and circumstances, it could form the basis for deter-
mining the market value of their acquired lands. Hence, there is no          H
    456                   SUPREME COURT REPORTS[1992] SUPP. 1 S.C.R.

A justification for us to act upon a subsequent judgment of the High Court,
    cited before us from a Law Report, to enhance the market value of the
    acquired lands of the petitioners merely because it was claimed on their
    behalf that the market value of the lands concerned therein could become
    evedence for determining the market value of the lands concerned in the
    appeals respecting which the present Special Leave Petitions are filed.
B
    Moreover, when judgment is rendered by a Court determining the market
    value of lands acquired under the Act, by agreement of parties, such
    judgment becomes final and it would not be open to any of the parties
    thereto to appeal against that judgment. Hence, these Special Leave
    Petitons are liable to be dismissed.
c
           SLP (C) Nos. 7391, 7392, 7394 and 7395 of 1980.

          Questions arising for decision in these petitions being those con-
    sidered and decided by,our judgment in SLP (C) No. 7366 of 1980 and
    connected petitions, they are liable to be dismissed following that judg-
D   ment.

           In the result, all the SLPs are dismissed, however with no costs.

    G.N.                                                     Petitions dismissed.