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Supreme Court of India

S. RAGHU RAMAIAHversusSTATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH

Citation
2008 INSC 1295
Decided
12 November 2008
Disposal
Appeal(s) allowed

Holding

A criminal appeal must be decided by a reasoned order that discusses the merits; a cryptic, non‑reasoned dismissal is invalid and must be set aside.

Summary

The appellant, S. Raghu Ramaiah, a Junior Assistant in the Commissioner’s Endowments Office, was convicted under Sections 7, 13(1)(d) and 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 for receiving illegal gratification. He appealed the conviction before the Andhra Pradesh High Court (Criminal Appeal No. 1922 of 1999). The High Court dismissed the appeal by a brief, cryptic order stating it found no grounds to interfere, without analysing the evidence or discussing the merits. The appellant contended that such a non‑reasoned order violated the requirements of a criminal appeal. The Supreme Court held that a criminal appeal must be decided with a reasoned order that addresses the merits; a cryptic dismissal is impermissible. Consequently, the Supreme Court set aside the High Court’s judgment and remitted the matter for fresh consideration within four months.

Issues considered

  • Whether a High Court can dismiss a criminal appeal by a non‑reasoned, cryptic order without discussing the merits of the case.

Legislation cited

Subjects

Criminal appealReasoned orderNon‑reasoned judgmentPrevention of Corruption ActAppellate procedureNatural justice

Judgment

                        [2008] 15 S.C.R. 1106

                                                                          ~
A                      S. RAGHU RAMAIAH
                                 v.
                  STATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH
                (Criminal Appeal No. 1779 of 2008) ·
                       NOVEMBER 12, 2008
B
        [DR. ARIJIT.PASAYAT AND DR. MUKUNDAKAM
                       SHARMA, JJ.]

         Judgment/order - Criminal appeal - ·Dismissal of, by
c · cryptic and non-reasoned order - Reference made to the·
    evidence without discussing about the merits of the case ;_ ·
    Correctness of - Held: Not correct - Criminal appeal should
    not be dealt in this way- Thus, order of High Court set aside
    - Matter remitted·to High ·Court for fresh consideratipn. -
    Practice and procedure .,. . Prevention of CorruptionAct, 1988.
D                                                                           }-
         CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Criminal Appeal
    No. 1779 of2008.
                                                ..

      From the final Judgment and Order dated 11.8.2005 of the
  High Court of Judicature, Andhra Pradesh at Hyderabad tn
E
  Crimin.al Appeal No. 1922 of ,1999.

        Ramesh Chandra Pandey for the Appellant.

        R Sundervardan, D. Bharathi Reddy and A Fatima.for the        .   ;,.
    Respondent.
F
        The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

        D~. ARIJITPASAYAT, J. 1. Leave granted.

      2. Challenge in this appeal is to the judgment of a Division
G Bench of the Andhra Pradesh High Court dismissing Criminal
  Appeal No.1922 of 1999 filed by the appellant against the
                                                                          ,)...
  judgment dated 25; 11.1999 in CC No.11/98 by learned V                          ~



  Additional Special Judge (SPE' & ACB Cases).,cum-V-

H                               1106
 ......

              S. RAGHU RAMAIAH v. STATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH                  11'07
                          [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.]

              Additional Chie Judge, City Civil Court, Hyderabad.                  A
                     3. The appellant faced trial for offence punishable under
              Section 7, 13(1 )(d) read with 13(2) of the Prevention of
              Corruption Act, 1988 (in short the 'Act'). It was alleged that the
              appellant while working as a Junior Assistant in the office of
              Commissioner, Endowments, Ananthapur had received illegal            8
              gratification after making a demand from PW-1. The trial Court
              with reference to the evidence of the witnesses found the
          ~
              appellant guilty. The appellant questioned the conviction by
              preferring an appeal as noted above. By the impugned
              judgment the High Court dismissed.the appeal. Apart from the         c
              submissions relating to the merits of the case learned counsel
              for the appellant submitted that after referring to the evidence
              and submissions, the High Court disposed of the appeal by a
              cryptic and non-reasoned order. Learned counsel for the
              respondent-State on the other hand submitted that though
          ~   elaborate discussion had not been made, the High Court has           D
              referred to the evidence and submissions and thereafter found
              no merit in the appeal.
                . 4. The only conclusion arrived at by the High Court after
              referring to the evidence and arguments is as follows:
                                                                                   E
                     "After carefully going through the evidence placed by the
                     prosecution and the judgment of the Court below, I find no
                     grounds to interfere with the conviction and sentenced
                     imposed by the Court below."
                   5. Out of 14 pages of the judgment as appearing in the
                                                                                   F
              paper-book except the "quoted above" there is no discussion
              about the merits of the case. This certainly is not an appropriate
              way to deal with a criminal appeal. Therefore, without
              expre_ssing any opinion on the merits of the case, we set aside
              the impugned judgment and remit the matter for a fresh
              consideration in accordance with law. Since the matter is of the     G
              year 1999, we request the High Court to explore the possibility
              of disposing of the appeal within four months from today.

                     6. The appeal is allowed to the aforesaid extent.
                                                                                   H
~             N.J.                                            Appeal allowed.
    I
___..


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