SH. KISHAN DAS AND ORS.versusTHE STATE OF U.P. AND ORS.

A                         SH. KISHAN DAS AND ORS.
                                         v.
                        THE STATE OF U.P. AND ORS.

                              SEPTEMBER 12, 1995

B                 [K. RAMASWAMY, B.P. JEEVAN REDDY
                         AND B.L. HANSARIA, JJ.)

          Land Acquisition Act, 1894: Sections 18, 23(1), 28, 34 and 54.

C          Land Acquisition-Compensation-Interest-Liability of State to pay--
    Litigation by land-owners-Delay in passi1Jg the compensation award-Com-
    pensation amount deposited as soon as award was passed-Held there was
    no liability to pay interest.

          In proceedings initiated for acquisition of land belongipg to the
D   appellants, a notification under section 4(1) of the Land Acquisition Act,
    1894 was published on September 29, 1976 while the declaration under
    section 6 was published on September 30, 1976. While issuing notification
    under section 4(1), the Government exercised its power under section 17(4)
    and dispensed with the enquiry under section 5-A and consequently took
E   possession of the land on December 16, 1976. Immediately afte~ issue of
    the notification in september, 1976, the appellants filed petitions in the
    High Court as a result of which further proceedings were stayed. Further,
    after the dismissal of writ petitions by the High Court the appellants
    obtained status quo from this Court. Consequently, the Land Acquisition
    Officer was not in a position to pass the award. ·
F
          In appeal to this Court it was· contended for the appellant that in
    view of the fact that the award was made on March 22, 1983 though the
    acquisition was made in September, 1976 the appellants should be com-
    pensated by payment of interest @ 12 per cent per annum.
G
          Dismissing the appeal, this Court

           HELD : 1.1. The liability of the State to pay interest ceases with the
    deposit made as per Section 34 of the Land Acquisition Act. Further
    liability would arise only when the court on reference under Section 18
H   enhanced the compensation under Section 28 of the Act. Similarly, in an
                                        584
                                   K. DAS v. STATE                              585

    appeal under Section 54 of the Act if the appellate court further increases       A
    the compensation, then again similar obligation under Section 28 arises.
    In the light of the operation of the respective provisions of Section 34 and
    28 of the Act, it would be difficult to direct payment of interest. [587-A-B]

           1.2. Section 23(1-A) is a set off for loss in cases of delayed awards
    to compensate the person entitled to receive compensation; otherwise a            B
    person who is responsible for the delay in disposal of the acquisition
    proceedings will be paid premium for dilatory tactics. In this case the
    amount of interest was also calculated and total amount was deposited in
    the account of the appellants by the Land Acquisition Officer after passing
    the award i.e. on November 15, 1976. Under these circumstances, the               c
    liability to pay interest would arise when possession of the acquired land
    was taken and the amount was not deposited. In view of the fact that
    compensation was deposited as soon as the award was passed, it is not a
    case for interference at this stage. [587-C-D]

          Ram Chand & Ors. v. Union of India & Ors., [1994] 1 SCC 44,                 D
    distinguished.

            Aflatoon v. Lt. Governor of Delhi, [1975] 4 SCC 285, referred to.

             CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 733 of                   E
    1981.

         From the Judgment and Order dated 30-8-79 of the Allahabad High
    Court in C.M.W. No. 35 of 1977.

             S.B. Sanyal and P.K. Jain for the Appellants.
                                                                                      F
             R.C. Verma for A.K Srivastava and Ravindra Bana for the Respon-
    dents.

             The following Order of the Court was delivered :

;
          This appeal by special leave arises from the judgment dated August G
    30, 1979 of the Division Bench of the Allahabad High Court in C.M.W.
    No. 35/1977. Notification under Section 4 (1) of the Land Acquisition Act,
    1894 [for short, 'the Act'] was published in the gazette on September 29,
    1976. Declaration under Section 6 was made on September 30, 1976. While
    issuing the notification under Section 4 (l) of the Act, the Government H
    586                   SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1995] SUPP. 3 S.C.R.

A exercised the power under Section 17 (4) of the Act and dispensed with
    the enquiry under Sectfon 5-A. Consequently, notice under Settion 4 (1)
    of the Act was served on November 15, 1976 and possession of the land
    was taken on December 16, 1976.

          The appellant had challenged the exercise of the power of the
B Government under Section_ 17(4) contending that there is no such urgency
    as is warranted to dispense with the enquiry under Section 5-A and the
    exercise of power under Section 17(4), therefore, was illegal. The High
    Court had not accepted the contention holding that there was urgency to
    dispense with the enquiry and the court could not substitute the satisfaction
c   of urgency recorded by the Government when it exercised power under
    Section 17 (4) of the Act. It is now an admitted fact that in the land under
    acquisition constructions have been made and completed. Under these
    circumstances, the need to go into the question of urgency and exercise of
    power under Section 17 (4) at this belated stage does' not arise.
D
         Shri S.B. Sanyal, learned senior counsel for the appellants, contended
  that the award was made on March 22, 1983 though the acquisition was
  made in September 1976. Therefore, the appellants should be compensated
  by payment of interest @ 12 per cent per annum. In support of his
  contention, he placed reliance on the decision of this Court in Ram Chand
E & Ors. v. Union of India & Ors., [1994] 1 SCC 44 and in particular on
  paragraph 16 of the judgment. It is seeri that in Ram Chander's case even
  after the dismissal of the writ petitions by this Court in Aflatoon v. Lt.
  Governor of Delhi, (1975] 4 SCC 285, no action was taken by the Land
  Acquisition Officer to pass the award. Thus, till 1980-81 no award was
F made in respect of any of the acquisitions. Under these circumstances, this
  Court had directed the Government to pay interest @ 12 per cent on the
  amount awarded to compensate the loss caused to the appellants therein.
  In this case it is seen that though the notification was issued in September
  1976, the writ petitions came to be filed in the High Court immediately
  thereafter in 1977 in th( '-Iigh Court and obviously further proceedings
G were stayed. Accordingly, the Land Acquisition Officer delayed the award.
  After the dismissal of the writ petitions, the appellants came to this Court
  and obtained status quo. Obviously, the Land Acquisition Officer was not
  in a position to pass the award immediately. Thereaftr. it would appear
  that he passed the award on March 22, 1983. Section 34 ul the Act obligates
H the State to pay interest from the date of taking possession under the
                                K DAS v. STATE                            587

    unamended Act @ 6 per cent and after the Amendment Act 68 of 1984 at A
    different rates mentioned therein. The liability of the State to pay interest
    ceases with the deposit made as per Section 34 of the Act. Further liability
    would arise only when the court on reference under Section 18 enhances
    the compensation under Section 28 of the Act. Similarly, in an appeal
    under Section 54 of the Act if the appellate court further increases the
                                                                                  B
    compensation, then again similar obligation under Section 28 arises.

           In the light of the operation of the respective provisions of Sections
    34 and 28 of the Act, it would be difficult to direct payment of interest. In
    fact, Section 23 (1-A) is s set off for loss in cases of delayed awards to
    compensate the person entitled to receive compensation; otherwise a per- C
    son who is responsible for the delay in disposal of the acquisition proceed-
    ings will be paid premium for dilatory tactics. It is stated by the learned
    counsel for the respondents that the amount of interest was also calculated
    and total amount was deposited in the account of the appellants by the
    Land Acquisition Officer after passing the award, i.e., on November 15,
    1976 in a sum of Rs. 20,48,615. Under these circumstances, the liability to D
    pay interest would· arise when possession of the acquired land was taken
    and the amount was not deposited. In view of the fact that compensation "
    was deposited as soon as the award was passed, we do not think that it is
    a case for us to interfere at this stage.
                                                                                 E
          The appeal is accordingly dismissed. No costs.

    T.N.A.                                                  Appeal dismissed .




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