U.P STATE ROAD TRANSPORT CORPORATIONversusBABU RAM

A              U.P. STATE ROAD TRANSPORT CORPORATION
                                  v.
                              BABU RAM

                                  JULY 4, 2006

B              (ARIJIT PASAYAT AND R.V. RAVEENDRAN, JJ.]


         Labour Laws:

          Industrial Disputes Act, 1947-Section IO-Reference made to Labour
C   Court 15 years after termination-Labour Court set aside termination-High
    court affirmed same-Challenged by employer on the ground that no
    explanation offered for belated claim-Held: Workman had not produced any
    evidence to show that he had raised dispute within reasonable time or that he
    was not responsible for delayed reference-Neither Labour Court nor High
D   Court noted the factual position and merely based their conclusion on
    surmises--Matter remitted to High Court for ji-esh consideration-UP.
    Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.

          The respondent-workman was appointed on temporary basis. In
    1983, his services were terminated. In 1998, Labour Commissioner
E   referred the dispute for adjudication. Labour Court held that the
    termination of respondent was illegal. Employer filed Writ Petition before
    High Court on the ground that respondent has not offered any explanation
    for claim raised after 15 years. High Court dismissed the Writ Petition.
    Hence the present appeal.

F        Disposing of the appeal and remitting the matter to High Court, the
    Court

          HELD:l.1. No formula of universal application can be laid down,
    so far as delay in seeking th1~ reference is concerned. It would depend on
G   facts of each individual case. 1214-F]

          1.2. The workman has not placed any material to show that it had
    raised dispute within a reasonable time, and/or that he was not responsible
    for delayed decision if any in the conciliation proceedings. It was for him


H                                       212
       U.P. STATEROADTRANSPORTCORPORATIONv. BABURAM[PASAYAT,J.]       213
to show that the dispute was raised within a reasonable time and that he A
was not responsible for any delay. The High Court, on a hypothetical basis
had assumed that the dispute might have been raised promptly but delayed
by the State Government and he cannot be penalized for delay in finalizing
the conciliation proceedings and the reference. Neither the Labour Court
nor the High Court had even noted the factual position. The conclusion B
was based on surmises and conjectures. [216-F-H]

      Nedungadi Bank ltd. v. K.P. Madhavankutty and Ors., [2000] 2 SCC
455; SM Ni/ajkar and Ors. v. Telecom District Manager, Karnataka, [2003)
4 SCC 27 and Employers in relation to the Management ofSudamdih Collie1y
of Mis. Bharat Coking Coal Ltd. v. Their Workmen Represented by Rashtriya C
Colliery Mazdoor Sangh, (2006) I Supreme 282, referred to.

     CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 2103 of2004.

      From the Judgment and Order dated 2.7.2003 of the High Court of
Allahabad in C.M.W.P. No. 26948/2003.
                                                                             D
     Pradeep Misra for the Appellant.

     Dhiraj K: Agrawal, Asha Taneja and Mridula Ray Bharadwaj for the
Respondent.

     The Judgment of the Court was delivered by                              E

       ARIJIT PASA YAT, J. Challenge in this appeal is to the order passed
by a learned Single Judge of the Allahabad High Court dismissing the writ
petition filed by the appellant.

     The background facts as projected by the appellant are as follows:      F

      The respondent was appointed on purely temporary basis in the year
1980 to meet the urgent needs during the Khumbh Festival. It was clearly
mentioned in the appointment letter that service of the respondent, as well as
the similar situated persons, was purely of temporary nature and can be G
terminated at any time without prior intimation. The respondent was engaged
from time to time to meet the need for specific time bound work. As there
was no further need for engaging the respondent and others, their services
were terminated by order dated 19.9.1983. By order dated 29.8.1998 the
Deputy Labour Commissioner referred following dispute for adjudication
                                                                             H
    214                     SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2006] SUPP. 3 S.C.R.

A under U,P. Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (in short 'the Act'):
            "Whether termination of service/retrenchment of workman Sh.
            Baburam, S/o Nathhu Singh, Chawkidar by his employers w.e.f.
            19.09.1983 is legal and/or valid? If not, then to what relief/
            compensation the concerned workman is entitled?"
B
          By order dated 11.11 .2002 the Presiding Officer, Labour Court,
    Allahabad, Rampur held that the termination/retrenchment of the respondent
    w.e.f. 19.9.1983 was illegal and invalid. Consequently the Labour Court
    directed that respondent shouldi be reinstated with continuity of service and
    be paid back wages and other benefits.
c
           One of the contentions of the appellant before the Labour Court was
    that the reference was based on a belated claim. There was no specific finding
    recorded by the Labour Court i.n this regard. A writ petition was filed before
    the Allahabad High Court. Before the learned Single Judge, the appellant
D   submitted that the respondent has not offered any explanation for the belated
    claim raised after 15 years in view of the fact that the grievance of the
    resp6iident was raised in the conciliation proceedings initiated in 1998. The
    High Court dismissed the wrir petition.

         Learned counsel for the appellant in this appeal reiterated the contentions
E   urged before the High Court.

          Learned counsel for the respondent on the other hand submitted that
    the delay of about 15 years has been condoned by the Assistant Commissioner/
    Deputy Commissioner. It cannot therefore be said that there was any delay.

F         So far as delay in seeking the reference is concerned, no formula of
    universal application can be laid down. It would depend on facts of each
    individual case.

         However, certain observations made by this Court need to be noted. In
    Nedungadi Bank Ltd. v. K.P. Madhavankutty and Ors., [2000] 2 SCC 455 it
G   was noted at paragraph 6 as iollows:

           "6. Law does not prescribe any time-limit for the appropriate
           Government to exercise its powers under Section I0 of the Act. It is
           not that this power can be exercised at any point of time and to revive
           matters which had since heel settled. Power is to be exercised
H
          U.P. STATEROADTRANSPORTCORPORATION '"BABU RAM [PASAYAT,J.]      215

          reasonably and in a rational manner. There ap'pears to us to be no A
          rational basis on which the Central Government has exercised powers
          in this case after a lapse of about seven years of the order dismissing
          the respondent from service. At the time reference was made no
          industrial dispute existed or could be even said to have been
          apprehended. A dispute which is stale could not be the subject-matter B
          of reference under Section I0 of the Act. As to when a dispute can
          be said to be stale would depend on the facts and circumstances of
          each case. When the matter has become final, it appears to us to be
          rather incongruous that the reference be made under Section I0 of the
          Act in the circumstances like the present one. In fact it could be said
          that there was no dispute pending at the time when the reference in C
          question was made. The only ground advanced by the respondent
          was that two other employees who were dismissed from service were
          reinstated. Under what circumstances they were dismissed and
          subsequently reinstated is nowhere mentioned. Demand raised by the
          respondent for raising an industrial dispute was ex-facie bad and
          incompetent."                                                           D

         In S.M Ni/ajkar and Ors. v. Telecom District Manager, Karnataka,
    (2003] 4 sec 27 the position was reiterated as follows: (at para 17)

          "17. It was submitted on behalf of the respondent that on account of
          delay in raising the dispute by the appellants the High Court was E
          justified in denying relief to the appellants. We cannot agree. It is
          true, as held in Mis. Shalimar Works Ltd. v. Their Workmen, (supra)
          AIR (1959) SC 1217, that merely because the Industrial Disputes Act
          does not provide for a limitation for raising the dispute it does not
          mean that the dispute can be raised at any time and without regard F
          to the delay and reasons therefor. There is no limitation prescribed
          for reference of disputes to an industrial tribunal, even so it is only
          reasonable that the disputes should be referred as soon as possible
          after they have arisen and after conciliation proceedings have failed
          particularly so when disputes relate to discharge of workmen
          wholesale. A delay of 4 years in raising the dispute after even G
          reemployment of the most of the old workmen was held to be fatal
           in Mis. Shalimar Works Limitedv. Their Workmen (supra) AIR (1959)
          SC 1217. In Nedungadi Bank Ltd. v. K.P. Madhavankutty and Ors.
          (supra) AIR (2000) SC 839, a delay of 7 years was held to be fatal
\
<         and disentitled to workmen to any relief. In Ratan Chandra Sammanta H
    216                      SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2006] SUPP. 3 S.C.R.

A           and Ors v. Union of India and Ors. (supra) (1993) AIR SCW 2214,
            it was held that a casual labourer retrenched by the employer deprives
            himself of remedy available in law by delay itself, lapse of time
            results in losing the remedy and the right as well. The delay would
            certainly be fatal if it has resulted in material evidence relevant to
            adjudication being lost and rendered not available. However, we do
B           not think that the delay in the case at hand has been so culpable as
            to disentitle the appellants for any relief. Although the High Court
            has opined that there wa.s a delay of 7 to 9 years in raising the dispute
            before the Tribunal but we find the High Court factually not correct.
            The employment of the appellants was terminated sometime in I985-           •
c           86 or I986-87. Pursuant to the judgment in Daily Rated Casual
            Employees Under P&T Department v. Union of India, (supra) (AIR
            (I 987) SC 2342, the department was formulating a scheme to
            accommodate casual labourers and the appellants were justified in
            awaiting the outcome thereof. On 16-1-1990 they were refused to be
            accommodated in the scheme. On 28-12-1990 they initiated the
D           proceedings under the Industrial Disputes Act followed by conciliation
            proceedings and then the dispute was referred to the Industrial Tribunal
            cum-Labour Court. We do not think that the appellants deserve to be
            non suited on the ground of delay."

E         The above position was highlighted recently in Employers in relation
    to the Management of Sudamdih Colliery of Mis Bharat Coking Coal Ltd. v.
    Their Workmen represented by Rashtriya Colliery Mazdoor Sangh, (2006) I
    Supreme 282.

          It is to be noted that the High Court has very cryptically disposed of
F the writ petition. The workman has not placed any material to show that it
  had raised dispute within a reasonable time, and/or that he was not responsible
  for delayed decision if any in the conciliation proceedings. It was for him to
  show that the dispute was raised within a reasonable time and that he was not
  responsible for any delay. The High Court, on a hypothetical basis has assumed
  that the dispute might have been raised promptly but delayed by the State
G Government and he cannot be penalized for delay in finalizing the conciliation
  proceedings and the reference. But neither the Labour Court nor the High
  Court has even noted the factual position. The conclusion was based on
  surmises and conjectures.

          That being so, the order of the High Court is clearly unsustainable. We,
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              U.P. STATE ROAD TRANSPORT CORPORATION v. BABU RAM [PASA YAT, J.]   2 J7

      therefore, set aside the order of the High Court and remit the matter to the      A
      High Court to consider the question of delay in seeking reference and decide
      the matter afresh in accordance with law.

             The appeal is accordingly disposed of. No costs.

      D.G.                                                      Appeal disposed of.     B




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