UNION OF INDIA AND ORS.versusCAPT. SATENDRA KUMAR

                        UNION OF INDIA AND ORS.                                   A
                                      v.
                        CAPT. SA TEND RA KUMAR

                                JULY 18, 2006

        [ARIJITPASAYAT ANDLOKESHWARSlNGHPANTA,.IJ.]                               B

      Service Law:

     Army Act, 1950; Section 19/Army Rules; Rule 13-A/Defence Service
Regulations, Para 79:                                                             C
       Commissioned Officer in Army-Promotion-Examination in two stages,
 Part B and Part D-lncumbent appearing in Part D examination without
 qualifoing Part B examination by suppressing the facts-Notice-Authorities
passing order against the erring officer retiring him from service-Challenge      D
 to-High Court held that in view of the amendment in the Army Instructions
 extending the time limit to qualifo the promotional examination, the officer
 was entitled to ~einstatement in service-On appeal, Held: By the time
 amendment came into force, time period available to the officer to qualifo
Part B examination was over-Merely because order of retirement was passed
subsequent to the amendment did not change the position as to the                 E
·applicability of time limit/conditions for qualifoing the examination-Hence,
order of the High Court indefensible.

      Respondent was a commissioned Officer in the Indian Army. In terms
of Rule 13-A of the Army Rules read with para 79 of the Defence Service
Regulations all commissioned officers were required to pass, in terms of the      F
existing rules, the promotional examination (Part B) within 13 years of
reckonable service. Thereafter, they were required to pass Part D examination
for promotion within 20 years of the service. The respondent-officer had
appeared in the Part D promotional examination without completing Part B
examination. Since the authorities found him not eligible to appear in Part D     G
examination, his result was declared to be void. A show cause notice was issued
to him in terms of the Rules. He was awarded severe dis-pleasure (non-
recordable) for filing false application form for Part D examination. In the
meantime, the Government oflndia amended Army Instructions extending the
time limit for completing the Part B examination from 13 years to 20 years.
                                     ~5                                           H
    656                     SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2006] SUPP. 3 S.C.R.

A The authorities passed an order retiring him from service in terms of Section
    19 of the Army Act, 1950 read with Rule 13-A of the Rules as he had failed
    to qualify in Part B examination within the prescribed time period.
    Challenging the order, he filed a Writ Petition before the High Court. The
    High Court held that by the time order of his retirement from service was
B   passed, the period for qualifying the promotional examination has been
    increased from 13 years to 20 years in terms of amended Instructions, and
    therefore, the respondent was entitled to re-instatement in service. Hence the
    present appeal.

          Appellants contended that the High Court clearly erred in holding that
C the amendment was applicable to the respondent-officer, since by the time the
    amendment was introduced the period of 13 years originally stipulated was
    over.

          Allowing the appeal, the Court

D       HELD: The amended Army Instructions raising the period for qualifying
  the part B promotional examination from 13 years to 20 years though issued
  on 20th August, 1999 were made applicable with effect from 24.4.1998. By
  the time the amendment came into effect, the 13 years period which was
  available to the respondent.. commissioned officer to pass Part B examination,
  was over. The notice regarding non success in the examination within the
E stipulated time had also been given to the respondent on 11.9.1997. Merely
  because the final order was passed on 21.9.2001 that did not change the
  position so far as the respondent is concerned. The High Court, therefore,
  erred in holding that the extended period of 20 years was applicable to the
  respondent. [659-D-E-F]
F         CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 2084 of2003.

          From the Judgment and Order dated 7.3.2002 of the High Court of
    Judicature at Allahabad, in Civil Misc. Writ Petition No. 37551 /200 I.

          Amarendra Sharan, A.S.G., Rekha Pandey, Shishi Pinaki, Salinee Ranjan
G Fernandes and B.V. Balaram Das for the Appellants.
          Rakesh K. Sharma (N.P.) for the Respondent.

          The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

H         ARIJIT PASA YAT, J. Challenge in this appeal is to the legality of the
              U.0.1. v. CAPT. SATENDRAKUMAR[PASAYAT,J.]                    657

judgment rendered by a Division Bench of the Allahabad High Court holding          A
that the respondent is entitled to be re-instated and is to be given time upto
9.6.2004 to pass the Part B examination.

      The background facts in a nutshell are as under:

      Respondent was commissioned on 9.6.1984 as an Officer in the Indian B
Army. In terms of Rule 13-A of the Army Rules, 1954 (in short the 'Rules')
read with para 79 of the Defence Service Regulations (in short the 'Regulations')
all commissioned officers were required to pass, in terms of the existing rules,
the promotional examination (Part B) within 13 years of reckonable service.
Thereafter, they were required to pass Part D examination for promotion within C
20 years.

        The respondent making apparently wrong and erroneous representation
that he had completed Part B course and had passed, applied for next
promotional Part D examination without indicating correct particulars regarding
the results of Part B examination in the application form. When the authorities    D
 found that he was not eligible, his result in Part D examination was declared
to be void. Since the respondent had not completed Part B examination as per
the existing rules and Special Army Instructions a show cause notice was
issued in terms of Rule 13-A of the Rules. Respondent replied to the show
cause notice and made a statutory complaint. While the matter was pending,
on 8. I .1998 the respondent was awarded severe dis-pleasure (non-recordable)      E
for filing false application form for Part D examination. This was, however, un-
connected with the show cause notice issued earlier under Rule 13-A. On
20.8.1999 the Government of India amended Army Instructions whereby the
time limit for completing the examination was extended from 13 years to 20
years. It was however made applicable with effect from 24.4.1998. On 5.7.2000      F
the appellant communicated its decision not to retain the respondent in
service as he had failed to qualify in Part B examination within the prescribed
time limit. On receipt of the order in question which permitted the respondent
to make a representation, if any, within 15 days, the respondent maC!e a
representation on 2.8.2000. On 21.9.200 I order was passed retiring the
respondent from service in terms of Section 19 of the Arn1y Act, 1950 (in          G
short the 'Act') read with Rule 13-A of the Rules.

      Respondent filed a Writ Petition before the Allahabad High Court
challenging the order dated 5.7.2000. The primary stand was that by the time
the order was passed, period for passing the examination was extended upto
20 years and, therefore, he had time till 9.6.2004 to pass the examination in H
    658                     SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2006] SUPP. 3 S.C.R.

A question. The present appellants pointed out that by the time the amendment
    was made the period of 13 years prescribed under the Army Instructions was
    already over and in any event the amendment was operative with effect from
    24.4.1998 and was not applicable to the respondent.

          The High Court, however, was of the view that when the impugned
B order of voluntary retirement was passed in September, 200 I the period had
    been amended from 13 years to 20 years and, therefore, the respondent was
    entitled to re-instatement.

          Learned counsel for the appellants submitted that the High Court clearly
    erred in holding that the amendment was applicable to the respondent. By the
C   time the amendment was introduced the period of 13 years originally stipulated
    was over so far as the respondent is concerned and in any event the
    amendment was made specifically operative with effect from 24.4.1998 and
    was clearly inapplicable to the respondent. No one appears for the respondent.

D           We find that the • iigh Court's approach is clearly untenable. The
    relevant Rule and the instructions read as follows:

           "Promotion Examination Part B (Lt. to Captain)

           As per SAi I /S/85 amended vide SAl/26/S/89:

E           15(a) Promotion Examination Part B. Officers who fail to qualify in
           Promotion Examination Part B till completion of 13 years reckonable
           service for officers commissioned before 31 July 1984 and 11 years
           reckonable service in the case of officers commissioned on or after
           31st July, 1984 will be issued a show cause notice under AR 13-A for
           termination of service. The services of these officers will be terminated
F          as per the provisions contained in Army Rule 13-A."

           Rule 13-A. Termination of Service of an officer by the Central
           Government on his failure to quali.fY at an examination or course.-
           (!) when an officer does not appear at or, having appeared fails to
           qualify at the retention examination or promotion examination or any
G
           other basic course or examination within the time or extended time
           specified in respect of that examination or course, the Chief of the
           Army Staff (or the Military Secretary) shall call upon the officer to
           show cause why he should not be compulsorily retired or removed
           from the service.
H
               U.0.1. v. CAPT. SATENDRAKUMAR[PASAYAT,J.]                       659

         (2) In the event of the explanation being considered by the Chief of A
         the Army Staff (or the Military Secretary) to be unsatisfactory, the
         matter shall be submitted to the Central Government for orders, together
         with the officer's explanation and the recommendations of the Chief
         of the Army Staff (or the Military Secretary) as to whether the officer
         should be-
                                                                                       B
              (a) called upon to retire; or
              (b) called upon to resign.
         (3) The Central Government, after considering the explanation if any,
         of the officer and the recommendation of the Chief of the Army Staff          C
         (or the Military Secretary), may call upon the officer to retire or resign,
         and on his refusing to do so, the officer may be compulsorily retired
         or removed from the service on pension or gratuity, if any, admissible
         to him."

      So far as the amendment to the Army Instructions and Regulations are             D
concerned, the amended Army Instructions issued on 20th August, 1999 were
applicable with effect from 24.4.1998. That is clearly indicated in the amended
instructions issued on 20th August, 1999. The President had sanctioned the
amendment to be operative from 24.4.1998. By the time the amendment came
into effect, the 13 years period which was available to the respondent to pass
Part B examination was over. The notice regarding non success in the                   E
examination within the stipulated time had also been given to the respondent
on 11.9.1997. Merely because the final order was passed on 21.9.2001 that did
not change the position so far as the respondent is concerned. The High
Court is, therefore, clearly in error in holding that the extended period of 20
years was applicable to the respondent. The High Court's order is indefensible         F
and is set aside. The appeal .is allowed. No costs.

S.K.S.                                                           Appeal allowed.