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264 judgments · newest first · showing 1–200
The Supreme Court examined the constitutional validity of Chapters 1B and 1C of the Companies Act, 1956 (as amended by the Companies (Second Amendment) Act, 2002) which created the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) and the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) and transferred the …
The Madras Bar Association challenged the constitutional validity of the National Tax Tribunal Act, 2005 and the provisions of Article 323B (and Article 3238) of the Constitution, arguing that the Act undermines the basic structure by creating a parallel tribunal system under executive control. The …
The petitioners challenged the constitutional validity of Articles 243‑O(4), 243‑O(6), 243‑T(4) and 243‑T(6) inserted by the 73rd and 74th Amendments, arguing that reservations of chairperson posts and of seats for backward classes in Panchayats and Municipalities violated equality, democracy and …
The Supreme Court was called upon to resolve a dispute over the right to mine iron ore in six leases in Andhra Pradesh that bordered the state of Karnataka. The State of Andhra Pradesh sought to maintain a status‑quo injunction, arguing that mining could prejudice the demarcation of the inter‑state …
Reliance Natural Resources Ltd. (RNRL) and Reliance Industries Ltd. (RIL) entered into a Scheme of Arrangement under the Companies Act, 1956, based on a family Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the Ambani brothers. RNRL sought enforcement of gas supply terms from RIL, alleging that the Gas …
The appellant, a mechanic, borrowed Rs 45,000 from the respondent, an engineer, and issued a post‑dated cheque for repayment. The cheque was presented but the bank returned it with a "payment stopped by drawer" memo after the appellant gave stop‑payment instructions. He failed to honour the cheque …
In 2004 the President, on the advice of the Union Council of Ministers, removed the Governors of Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat, Haryana and Goa. A public‑interest writ petition was filed challenging the removals and seeking to read limitations into Article 156(1) of the Constitution. The Court held that …
The Supreme Court examined the validity of Rule 16(2) (and sub‑rules 3‑5) of the Civil Services Examination Rules, which allow meritorious candidates belonging to reserved categories (MRCs) who are placed in the general merit list to migrate to the reserved pool at the time of service allocation. …
The Commissioner of Income Tax, Surat appealed against the order of the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal which had set aside a penalty imposed on Saheli Leasing & Industries Ltd. for concealment of income. The assessee had filed a return showing NIL income and claimed excessive depreciation, resulting …
The petitioners challenged the Members of Parliament Local Area Development (MPLAD) Scheme as unconstitutional, arguing that the allocation of funds from the Consolidated Fund of India violated Articles 266(3), 275, 282 and the principle of separation of powers, and gave MPs an unfair electoral …
The petitioners challenged several amendments made by the Administrative Tribunals (Amendment) Act, 2006, including the abolition of the Vice‑Chairman post, the new qualification criteria for Administrative Members, the ten‑year total tenure limit (s.10A), differential service conditions for members …
The State of Orissa filed a suit under Article 131 of the Constitution seeking a declaration that the Borra group of villages belonged to it, asserting that the area was part of the Jeypore (Imparible) Estate transferred to Orissa in 1936. The State of Andhra Pradesh contested the suit, arguing that …
The Supreme Court examined the legality of land acquisitions undertaken by the Bangalore Development Authority (BDA) for the Arkavathi layout, focusing on whether the BDA Act required President's assent, was repugnant to the Land Acquisition Act, and complied with constitutional provisions under …
The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) sought transfer of two kidnapping‑murder cases involving an NSCN (IM) activist from the Chief Judicial Magistrate's Court in Ukhrul, Manipur to a CBI‑court in Delhi under Section 406 of the CrPC. The incidents involved the abduction and killing of three …
The appellant and respondent were parties to commercial transactions in which five cheques issued by the appellant were dishonoured, leading to criminal proceedings under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881. After protracted litigation up to the Supreme Court, the parties reached a …
The actress S. Khushboo made remarks in a 2005 news‑magazine survey endorsing societal acceptance of premarital sex and live‑in relationships. Several members of the PMK political party filed criminal complaints alleging defamation, obscenity, indecent representation of women and incitement under …
Captain Amarinder Singh, former Chief Minister of Punjab, was expelled from the Punjab Vidhan Sabha for the remainder of its 13th term after a Special Committee found him involved in an alleged illegal exemption of land during his tenure as Chief Minister in the 12th term. The appellant challenged …
The Supreme Court examined whether the State of Bihar could file an appeal under Section 378(1) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 against an acquittal rendered by a Special CBI Judge when the offence was investigated by the Delhi Special Police Establishment (CBI). The Court held that the …
The petitioners, owners of land near the Zuari River in Goa, obtained permission to construct a hotel and residential complex after the Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification was amended in 1994 to relax the no‑development zone from 100 metres to 50 metres from the high tide line. The amendment …
M/s Maruti Clean Coal & Power Ltd. obtained a 99‑year lease from the Chhattisgarh government to set up a 10 MT/Y coal washery. South Eastern Coal Field Ltd. (SECL) later claimed title to the land and, despite the petitioner having constructed the plant and obtained all necessary approvals, refused …
Ramdas Athawale, a Lok Sabha member, filed a writ petition under Article 32 challenging the validity of the Lok Sabha's resumption on 29 January 2004, arguing that the President’s special address under Article 87 was required because it was the first session of the year. The Court held that the …
Four members of a political party filed a public‑interest writ petition under Article 32 of the Constitution alleging that the Chief Minister of Sikkim had amassed assets disproportionate to his known income and misappropriated public funds. They sought a mandamus directing the Central Bureau of …
The Supreme Court reviewed petitions filed by polluting industries that had been ordered to surrender portions of their land for green belts after relocation from Delhi. The petitioners argued that the Delhi Development Authority (ODA) must acquire the surrendered land under Section 15 of the Delhi …
Jagdish, a Class‑3 life convict sentenced in 1999, applied for premature release after serving more than ten years. The High Court ordered his case to be considered under the remission policy dated 04‑02‑1993, rejecting the newer short‑sentencing policy of 13‑08‑2008. The State appealed, arguing …
PTC India Ltd and other traders challenged the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission's (CERC) Fixation of Trading Margin Regulations, 2006, alleging they were ultra vires. They appealed to the Appellate Tribunal for Electricity, which dismissed the appeal, directing them to seek judicial review. …
Chemplast Sanmar Ltd. sought to set up a PVC plant in Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu, importing Vinyl Chloride Monomer (VCM) via a marine terminal and laying pipelines that cross the Uppanar river. The Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) granted environmental clearance under the 1991 Coastal …
Eight persons were tried by a Sessions Court in Madhya Pradesh for murder and related offences under the Indian Penal Code. The High Court set aside their convictions, and the State appealed, but only four of the accused were impleaded as respondents in the appeal. The Supreme Court, in a 2008 …
The Secretary & Curator of the Victoria Memorial Hall (VMH) appealed against the Calcutta High Court’s order rejecting an expert committee’s recommendation to construct a new annex within the VMH campus and refusing a modification application to raise the building up to 30 ft. The High Court had …
The appellant, a carrier, appealed against a complaint filed by the assured (a consignor who was also a consumer) and the insurer under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986, seeking compensation for loss of a consignment. The goods were insured, the insurer paid the assured, and the assured executed a …
The Supreme Court examined whether a High Court, exercising its jurisdiction under Article 226, could direct the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) to investigate a cognizable offence that occurred within a State's territory without the State's consent, in light of the Delhi Special Police …
The Supreme Court examined appeals by several General Category candidates (Rakhi Ray & Ors.) who sought appointment as District Judges after the High Court of Delhi had filled 13 advertised General Category vacancies and left some reserved posts unfilled. The petitioners argued that 13 additional …
The Delhi High Court advertised 20 District Judge vacancies, reserving three for Scheduled Castes. Two SC candidates, Ramesh Kumar and Desh Raj Chalia, cleared the written test but were deemed unsuitable because they failed to obtain the prescribed minimum marks in the interview. They filed writ …
The appellant, elected President of Nagar Palika Zora, was served a show‑cause notice and removed by the State Government under Section 41‑A of the Madhya Pradesh Municipalities Act, 1961 on allegations of financial loss, alteration of minutes and hasty appointment of a Chief Municipal Officer. The …
The Supreme Court considered writ petitions challenging the constitutional validity of the reservation provisions in the Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 (PESA) and the Jharkhand Panchayat Raj Act, 2001, which reserved 50% of seats for Scheduled Tribes (ST) and all chairperson …
Khanapuram Gandaiah, involved in multiple civil suits over land, sought under the Right to Information Act, 2005, the reasons why a judicial officer (Respondent No.4) had dismissed his miscellaneous appeal, alleging judicial dishonesty. His RTI application under Section 6 was rejected, and …
The petitioners challenged the prospectus of Maharshi Dayanand University for MD/MS/PG courses, alleging that the absence of reservation for Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe candidates violated Article 15(4) of the Constitution. The High Court dismissed the writ petition and the appellants …
The Brihan Mumbai Electric Supply and Transport Undertaking (BEST) awarded contracts to Bennett Coleman & Co. Ltd. and Prithvi Associates for the modernization of bus queue shelters without inviting a fresh public tender, invoking the proviso to sub‑section (2) of Section 460M of the Mumbai …
The Supreme Court clarified its earlier judgment in Civil Appeal No. 4187 of 2009 concerning the special recruitment of computer instructors in Tamil Nadu schools. It held that the State Government may conduct an examination for candidates scoring 35%–49% and declare those scoring above 50% as …
The Medical Council of India (MCI) appealed against a Division Bench of the Orissa High Court that had ordered admission of twelve students to medical courses after the statutory cut‑off date of 30 September. The Supreme Court had previously directed that the time‑schedule in the MCI Regulations …
The Noyyal River Ayacutdars Protection Association filed a PIL alleging that dyeing and bleaching units in Tirupur were discharging effluents that polluted the Noyyal River, the Orthapalayam reservoir and surrounding water bodies, rendering the water unfit for irrigation and drinking. The Madras …
The petitioners, Indian citizens who obtained MBBS degrees from Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara (recognised under the Indian Medical Council Act, 1956), were denied permanent registration by the Medical Council of India (MCI) because they had not passed the screening test mandated by …
The case concerned a 19‑20‑year‑old woman with mild to moderate mental retardation, an orphan residing in a government welfare home, who became pregnant around the 19th week of gestation after an alleged rape. The Chandigarh Administration sought the High Court’s approval to terminate the pregnancy, …
A Judicial Member of the Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT), Shri B.V. Rao, was staying in a state‑run guest house when senior police officials, led by Inspector General Nirmala Choudhary, forcibly entered his room, abused and intimidated him, and seized his documents. An FIR was lodged under …
The Consumer Education & Research Society filed writ petitions under Article 32 challenging the Parliament (Prevention of Disqualification) Amendment Act, 2006, which retrospectively added 55 offices of profit to the exempted list under the Parliament (Prevention of Disqualification) Act, 1959. The …
The petitioners, who are SC/ST/OBC students admitted to IIT Delhi for B.Tech, were expelled after failing to meet the minimum credit requirements in their first two years. They argued that the institute provided no special coaching, summer courses, or a slow‑track programme, thereby violating the …
The petitioners, members of the Haryana Public Service Commission, challenged their suspension by the Governor of Haryana under Article 317(2) of the Constitution, arguing that they were denied a show‑cause notice and a hearing, thus violating natural justice. The Court examined the constitutional …
The State of Madhya Pradesh appealed after a Special Judge convicted Jiyalal under Sections 7 and 13(1)(d)(ii) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The High Court set aside the conviction, holding that the sanction order from the District Magistrate was given mechanically, lacked reasons, and …
The Delhi High Court entertained two public‑interest writ petitions filed in 2007 that challenged the construction of the Commonwealth Games Village (CGV) on the basis that it would damage the Yamuna riverbed and floodplain. The petitioners sought a stay of construction and the formation of a …
The Supreme Court examined two criminal appeals arising from convictions under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act where police officers had acted on prior information without first recording it in writing or sending a copy to their superior as required by Section 42. …
The Tamil Nadu Government created 1,880 temporary posts of Computer Instructor in government higher secondary schools and announced a special recruitment test, initially fixing the minimum qualifying mark at 50%. After the test was conducted, the Government arbitrarily reduced the qualifying mark to …
The President, on the Governor's request, referred a reference under Article 317(1) of the Constitution to the Supreme Court to determine whether Shri Ashok Darbari, Chairman of the Chhattisgarh Public Service Commission, should be removed on grounds of misbehaviour. Four specific allegations were …
The Supreme Court considered two transfer petitions filed under Section 406 of the Code of Criminal Procedure seeking to move a corruption trial of former Punjab Chief Minister Prakash Singh Badal, his relatives and associates out of Punjab. The petitioners alleged that the accused’s political …
The Government of Pondicherry entered into a Build‑Operate‑Transfer concession with Subhash Projects & Marketing Ltd (SPML) for the development of the minor Pondicherry Port, issuing a Letter of Intent and a concession agreement without prior Central Government approval. The appellants challenged …
The Union of India challenged the validity of Rules 16(2) to 16(5) of the Civil Services Examination Rules, 2002, which allowed candidates from reserved categories (OBC, SC, ST) who qualified on merit without availing any relaxation to be adjusted against reserved vacancies to obtain a …
The Supreme Court upheld the convictions of six accused in a gang‑murder case at Radhika Gymkhana, Ahmedabad, where nine persons were killed on 3 August 1992. The trial court had relied heavily on confessional statements recorded under Section 15 of the TADA Act, along with a dying declaration, …
The wife filed a joint petition for divorce by mutual consent under Section 138 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955. After the mandatory six‑month waiting period expired on 19‑Nov‑2007, the husband was absent on three successive dates (19‑Nov, 1‑Dec and 4‑Dec). The Family Court, without being satisfied …
Ravi Development and the Maharashtra Housing and Area Development Authority (MHADA) challenged a Bombay High Court order that had struck down the award of a development contract under the Swiss Challenge Method, alleging arbitrariness, lack of innovativeness and favouritism by the Chief Minister. …
The Supreme Court examined extensive illegal mining in the Aravalli Hills of Haryana, where numerous mines operated without environmental clearances, rehabilitation plans, or compliance with statutory reclamation requirements, causing severe groundwater depletion and ecological damage. The Court …
The appellant, a Delhi Higher Judicial Service officer, dismissed a 1984 suit for recovery on 19‑December‑2005 after the plaintiff failed to produce evidence. On appeal, the Delhi High Court remanded the case and, in its order dated 6 July 2006, made adverse remarks about the appellant’s conduct, …
Manzar Sayeed Khan, the publisher of the book "Shivaji: Hindu King in Islamic India", and Vinod Hansraj Goyal, the printer, filed criminal miscellaneous petitions seeking clarification of a Supreme Court judgment dated 5 April 2007. The 2007 judgment had directed that the State of Maharashtra not …
The petitioner, a well‑known cine artist, was convicted by a Special Judge under Sections 3 and 7 read with Sections 25(1A) and 25(1B) of the Arms Act and sentenced to six years’ rigorous imprisonment. While his appeal against the conviction was pending before the Supreme Court, he sought bail and …
The Commissioner of Customs & Central Excise filed a reference application under Section 35H(1) of the unamended Central Excise Act, 1944, seeking the High Court’s direction to refer a question of law to the Appellate Tribunal, but the application was filed after the statutory period of 180 days. …
Saul Chaturvedi filed a public interest writ petition under Article 32 alleging that several State Governments and local authorities had failed to implement Section 43 of the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995, which mandates …
The Government of NCT of Delhi appealed against a Delhi High Court order that directed the insertion of Rule 26(B) in the Delhi Higher Judicial Service Rules, 1970, granting a weightage of up to fifteen years of Bar practice for computing pension and other retiral benefits of direct recruits. The …
The appellant, a civil judge of the Gujarat Judicial Service, was accused of misconduct for acquitting an accused and returning seized money, leading to a departmental inquiry and a recommendation for dismissal by the High Court's Disciplinary Committee. The High Court then recommended the dismissal …
The Supreme Court heard a writ petition filed by the National Campaign Committee, C.L. Labour, alleging that several State Governments and Union Territories had failed to implement the provisions of the Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, …
The U.P. Pollution Control Board granted conditional consent to Modi Carpets Ltd. to discharge trade effluent, but the company discharged untreated effluent in violation of the consent. The Board filed a complaint under Section 44 of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 against …
The Maharashtra State Judges Association and several district judges challenged the Maharashtra Judicial Service (Seniority) Rules, 2007, contending that the unified cadre of District Judges should have been created with effect from 31 March 1994, not 1 July 1996, and that the proviso protecting the …
The petitioners, accused under the Prevention of Terrorism Act (POTA) and other offences, had their bail applications rejected by Special POTA Courts. The Supreme Court, upholding the constitutionality of sections 2(3) and 5 of the Prevention of Terrorism (Repeal) Act, 2004, deemed the POTA cases …
Manoj Ramesh Mehta, accused No. 42 in the Telgi stamp counterfeiting case, was charged under IPC sections 120(8), 255, 34, 109 and MCOCA sections 3(1)(ii), 3(2), 3(5) and 4. He applied for bail, arguing that his role was limited to legitimate business transactions and was merely peripheral. The High …
The President, on a reference under Article 317(1) of the Constitution, sought a Supreme Court inquiry into allegations of misbehaviour against Dr. H.B. Mirdha, Chairman of the Orissa Public Service Commission, including concealment of his daughters' candidature, alleged threats to members, …
In the 2006 MBBS first‑year examination, 992 candidates failed and 436 applied for re‑totalling of marks. After complaints of improper evaluation, the Vice‑Chancellor of N.T.R. University of Health Sciences ordered a re‑verification of answer scripts through a three‑member committee, resulting in …
The Supreme Court examined the constitutionality of sections 2(3) and 2(5) of the Prevention of Terrorism (Repeal) Act, 2004, which allow a Review Committee to deem cases registered under the repealed POTA as withdrawn when it finds no prima facie case. The petitioners (relatives of Godhra‑train …
Guru Nanak Dev University admitted Sanjay Kumar Katwal to its three‑year LLB professional programme after he cleared a common entrance test, relying on his M.A. (English) obtained from Annamalai University through the Open University System (distance education). The University later cancelled his …
The petitioners, directly recruited Additional District and Sessions Judges, challenged the Delhi High Court's seniority list for Delhi Higher Judicial Service (DHJS) officers that was based on the 3 July 1986 Office Memorandum (OM). They argued that seniority should be determined under Rule 8(2) …
The Commissioner of Central Excise, Bolpur (Revenue) appealed against the order of the Customs, Excise and Gold Control Appellate Tribunal in a dispute with Mis Ratan Melting & Wire Industries. The central issue was whether circulars issued by the Central Board of Excise and Customs could override a …
The case concerned admission to medical colleges in Maharashtra under the MHT‑CET 2006 preference system. Respondent No.1, Sneha Satyanarayan Agrawal, was allotted a seat at GMC Yavatmal (merit rank 963) and claimed that higher‑ranked candidates (ranks 869 and 844) were improperly placed at IGMC …
Pareena Swarup filed a public interest writ under Article 32 challenging sections of the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 and its 2007 appointment rules, alleging that the selection of members and chairpersons of the Adjudicating Authorities and Appellate Tribunal by a committee headed by …
The petitioners, members of the Uttar Pradesh Judicial Service, challenged the retrospective application of the Uttar Pradesh Higher Judicial Service Rules, 1953 (amended 2007) which altered the promotion and recruitment ratios for the Higher Judicial Service. They argued that vacancies that arose …
The State of Maharashtra appealed against a Bombay High Court judgment that had struck down sections 13‑16 of the Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act, 1999 (MCOCA) and the words “or under any other Act” in section 21(5) as unconstitutional. The Supreme Court examined whether the State could …
The respondents sought sanction for a two‑and‑a‑half‑storey building with 15 dwelling units on a plot in the Lutyens' Bungalow Zone (LBZ) of Delhi. The New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC) rejected the plans, citing violation of LBZ guidelines dated 8 February 1988 issued by the Ministry of Urban …
The Supreme Court considered an interlocutory application filed by Sterlite Industries (Siil) seeking clarification on the rehabilitation package and the proposed transfer of the Niyamgiri bauxite mining lease to a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) as suggested by the Central Empowered Committee (CEC). …
The appellant, an accused in a criminal case registered in Tamil Nadu, obtained a transfer of the case to the Principal District and Sessions Court in Pondicherry under Section 406 of the CrPC, alleging bias by the Tamil Nadu prosecution. After transfer, the Tamil Nadu government appointed a Special …
The Supreme Court examined the selection of principals for intermediate colleges under the U.P. Secondary Education Selection Board Act, 1982 and the 1998 Rules. The petitioners challenged the advertisements on six grounds, including the validity of counting lecturer or head‑master experience as …
The case concerned the purchase of CANCIGO units worth Rs 33 crore by broker Hiten P. Dalal on behalf of Canbank Financial Services Ltd. (CANFINA) and the alleged involvement of senior CANFINA officials S. Mohan and others. The prosecution alleged that the units, issued in the names of Andhra Bank …
The Supreme Court, hearing T.N. Godavarman Thirumulpad v. Union of India (Writ Petition No. 202 of 1955), corrected typographical errors in its earlier order dated 28 March 2008 concerning exemptions from payment of Net Present Value (NPV) under s.3(3) of the Environment Protection Act, 1986. The …
The case challenged the constitutional validity of the Constitution (Ninety-Third Amendment) Act, 2005, which inserted Article 15(5) into the Constitution, and the Central Educational Institutions (Reservation in Admission) Act, 2005 (Act 5 of 2007), which provided 15% reservation for Scheduled …
Two candidates who had cleared the written examination for the Delhi Higher Judicial Service filed writ petitions under Article 32, alleging that the High Court of Delhi illegally introduced minimum qualifying marks for the viva‑voce after the selection process had begun, thereby excluding them from …
The Supreme Court examined whether Section 14 of the Limitation Act, 1963, which excludes time spent prosecuting a proceeding in a wrong court, applies to an application under Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 for setting aside an arbitral award. It held that while Section 5 …
The Supreme Court examined the methodology for compensating diversion of forest land for non‑forest developmental projects under the Environment Protection Act, 1986. It accepted the recommendations of the Central Empowered Committee (CEC) that the user agency must pay a Net Present Value (NPV) …
Yogesh Ramchandra Naikwadi sought admission to a B.E. programme claiming Scheduled Tribe status (Mahadeo Koli). The Scrutiny Committee rejected his claim after verifying his caste certificate. He obtained a provisional admission through a High Court interim order treating him as an ST candidate, …
Akhilesh Kumar Singh was charged with murder, robbery and criminal conspiracy and his trial was pending before a Sessions Court. His first bail application was rejected on 18 October 2002, but a second bail application filed on 29 October 2002 was granted on 7 November 2002. The State appealed, and …
The Andhra Pradesh Government filled 12 Deputy Collector vacancies reserved for Scheduled Tribes by a limited direct recruitment after a dearth of promotable ST candidates. The Public Service Commission conducted a combined advertisement for general and limited recruitment, but the Tribunal ordered …
The appellant, Managing Director of M/s Hewlett Packard Global Soft Ltd., was the subject of a complaint under section 200 CrPC for alleged violation of the Karnataka Shops & Commercial Establishments Act, 1961. He sought quashal of the complaint and the FIR under section 482 of the Code of Criminal …
The Supreme Court entertained an interlocutory application concerning the constitution of a Central Empowered Committee (CEC) under Section 3(3) of the Environment Protection Act, 1986. After considering submissions of the Solicitor General and an Amicus Curiae, the Court specified the composition …
The Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD) appointed 37 medical officers on short‑term contracts while awaiting UPSC recruitment for regular posts. UPSC’s advertisement for the posts allowed age relaxation for "employees of Municipal Corporation of Delhi" but the Commission argued that this term …
The Supreme Court examined the recruitment of ten District & Sessions Judges (Grade‑II) in Andhra Pradesh, where the High Court’s Administrative Committee had fixed a 75‑mark written exam and a 25‑mark interview, but the written test was actually conducted for 100 marks and the interview marks were …
The respondent, Dattatray, claimed to belong to the Halba Scheduled Tribe and was appointed as an Assistant Professor in a post reserved for STs. Verification by authorities later established that his caste certificate was false, leading the Scrutiny Committee to invalidate his claim. The High …
The respondent, a landlord, filed an eviction petition under Section 21(1)(a) of the Uttar Pradesh Urban Buildings (Regulation of Letting, Rent and Eviction) Act, 1972, seeking to recover a non‑residential shop for her husband's motor‑parts business. The appellant, the tenant, contended that he …
The appellant, a KSRTC bus driver, was injured in a head‑on collision with a private bus and claimed compensation. The Motor Accident Claims Tribunal held that both drivers were jointly negligent and apportioned liability 50:50, reducing the award accordingly. The High Court affirmed the negligence …
The heirs of a deceased woman filed a claim for motor accident compensation, which was awarded Rs.1,44,000 by the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal. Dissatisfied, they appealed to the Punjab & Haryana High Court, which referred the matter to a Lok Adalat. The Lok Adalat, without the parties' consent or …
The Supreme Court examined a challenge to the Maharashtra Government's order dated 16 May 2006 that granted permission to 1,495 new higher secondary schools on a permanent no‑grant basis, subject to conditions under the Education Code and the Maharashtra Employees of Private Schools (Conditions of …
The appellants, owners of an 8,983 sq.m. plot in Mumbai, sought permission to develop a luxury hotel with additional floor space index (FSI) under Rule 10(2) of the Development Control Rules, 1967. The land fell within Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) II as per the 19 February 1991 notification issued …
In the 2003 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election for the SC‑reserved 35‑Gangath constituency, the respondent Bodh Raj was declared elected, claiming membership of the Scheduled Caste Lohar and supporting it with a caste certificate issued by an Executive Magistrate. The appellant Deshraj …
Vedanta Aluminium Ltd (formerly Vedanta Alumina Ltd) sought judicial clearance to divert 58.943 hectares of reserve forest land in the ecologically sensitive Niyamgiri Hills of Orissa for a one‑million‑tonne alumina refinery. The project required mining of bauxite from the hills, which are a …
The Sanatan Dharma Pratinidhi Sabha cancelled a General Power of Attorney and sold a portion of its land after the contractor, Himmat Rai Ahuja, allegedly failed to pay the balance price. The contractor filed a criminal complaint alleging cheating, forgery and criminal conspiracy under Sections 420, …
Madan Chandra Brahma was appointed temporarily in Gauhati Bank in 1969 and later promoted to officer. After successive mergers, he became an officer of Central Bank of India in 1990. He claimed retirement at age 60, invoking clause 1.2 of Regulation 19 of the Central Bank of India (Officers) Service …
The Central Bureau of Investigation appealed against the High Court's order granting bail to Deputy Commissioner of Police Pradeep Bhalchandra Sawant, who was arrested in the stamp‑paper scam and charged under the Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act (MCOCA) for allegedly facilitating the …
The appellant, a voter, filed an election petition seeking to declare the election of the first respondent, a legislator, void on four grounds: improper rejection of a dummy candidate’s nomination, acceptance of the respondent’s nomination despite a double entry in the electoral roll, acceptance of …
The land of Survey No. 1042/2, belonging to the Karikkode Sastha and Vishnu Temple managed by the Cochin Devaswom Board, was alleged to be encroached upon by respondents 3 and 4. The High Court directed the Board to take possession and allowed the encroachers to sue for title, which they did, later …
The Rajasthan Public Service Commission (RPSC) conducted the Rajasthan Judicial Service examination for Munsiff‑Magistrate posts and selected candidates, reserving 20% of vacancies for women category‑wise as a horizontal reservation under Rule 9(3) of the Rajasthan Judicial Service Rules. Several …
The respondent, an Assistant Commandant in the CRPF, sought promotion to Second‑in‑Command on the ground that his service record was similar to that of a colleague, R.S. Virk, who had been promoted after his Confidential Report (CR) for one year was upgraded from 'good' to 'very good' by the …
The appellant Alavi Haji filed a complaint under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act alleging that the respondent Palapetty Muhammed had failed to pay a dishonoured cheque. The complaint stated that a notice was sent by registered post but was returned with an endorsement that the …
The Supreme Court considered whether the involuntary administration of narcoanalysis, polygraph, and Brain Electrical Activation Profile (BEAP) tests for investigative purposes violates fundamental rights. The Court held that compulsory administration of these techniques violates Article 20(3) of …
The appellant, Prakash Kumar (also known as Prakash Bhutto), was convicted under IPC sections 120B, 342 and 365 for kidnapping, confinement and conspiracy based solely on the confession of a co‑accused recorded under the TADA Act. The Supreme Court held that a co‑accused's confession is a fragile …
The accused were convicted under the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act for kidnapping an industrialist and extorting a Rs 1 crore ransom. The conviction rested primarily on a detailed confessional statement recorded by the DCP from co‑accused A‑12, which was later retracted. The …
The case concerned the abduction of businessman Jayendra Mahendra Tripathi in January 1994, for which a ransom was demanded. A co‑accused, A‑9, gave a detailed confession to the police under Section 15 of the TADA Act, which was later retracted. The Supreme Court held that the confession was …
The Oxford University Press India published a scholarly book titled “Shivaji: Hindu King in Islamic India” which contained a paragraph that offended certain historians, leading to a mob attack on a scholar and the destruction of manuscripts. The State of Maharashtra registered an FIR against the …
Following the demolition of the Babri Masjid, two criminal cases (197/92 and 198/92) were registered and investigated by the CBI. The Uttar Pradesh Government, after consulting the Allahabad High Court, established a Special Court at Lucknow via a notification dated 9 September 1993, but later …
Palitana Sugar Mills Pvt. Ltd. filed a contempt petition against the State Government of Gujarat and its officers for refusing to implement the Supreme Court's 15 October 2004 order granting non‑agricultural (residential) permission over certain government lands. The petitioners alleged that the …
The appellant, an Additional District & Sessions Judge, granted bail to an under‑trial accused in a murder case after considering factors such as the filing of the charge‑sheet, the accused's ill father, and lack of prior convictions. A complaint was filed alleging the judge had taken illegal …
In 2003, thirteen Uttar Pradesh MLAs elected on the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) ticket met the Governor and asked him to invite the Samajwadi Party to form the government, thereby voluntarily relinquishing their BSP membership. The BSP leader filed a petition under Article 191 read with paragraph 2 of …
The appellants, two police officers, were accused of colluding with a counterfeit stamp syndicate and of fabricating false cases against rival gang members. After the Supreme Court ordered the investigation to be transferred to the CBI, the officers were charged under the Maharashtra Control of …
Two members elected to the Goa Legislative Assembly were challenged on the ground that, at the time of filing their nomination papers, they held the offices of Chairman of the Goa Khadi and Village Industries Board and Chairman of the Goa State Scheduled Castes and Other Backward Classes Finance & …
The appellant, a senior police inspector, was charged under the Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act (MCOCA) for allegedly facilitating a counterfeit stamp syndicate by failing to seal the printing press and arrest its kingpin, Telgi. The Special Judge and the High Court denied his bail, …
Chenna Boyanna Krishna Yadav, a former minister and advocate, was charged under the Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act (MCOCA) for allegedly abetting Abdul Karim Telgi's counterfeit stamp syndicate. The High Court rejected his bail applications, relying on a recorded conversation between …
Gurpreet Singh appealed against the Union of India challenging the applicability of the rule of appropriation in execution of award decrees under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (as amended by Act 68 of 1984) and the entitlement to interest on solatium. The Court examined whether the normal CPC rule …
The Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee held elections for its Executive Board on 19 December 2005, but the petitioner claimed confusion over the meeting date prevented his participation. He filed writ petitions under Article 226 of the Constitution challenging the validity of the election, …
Jasbir Singh, an under‑trial accused, applied for bail before the Sessions Judge. During a routine inspection of the district jail, the Administrative (Inspecting) Judge of the Punjab & Haryana High Court received the bail application and directed the Sessions Judge to grant bail, which was done. A …
The Supreme Court examined a municipal election in Anand where two independent councillors were arrested minutes before the election of the President, preventing them from voting. The presiding officer, aware of the arrests, proceeded with the election, resulting in a tie and a draw of lots that …
The appellants, two sisters, were convicted of a series of kidnappings and murders of children between 1990 and 1996, based largely on the testimony of an approver who had been granted pardon under CrPC s.306. The trial court sentenced them to death under IPC s.302 read with s.120B, a sentence …
The Confederation of Ex‑Servicemen Associations filed a writ petition under Article 32 seeking free and full medical aid for ex‑defence personnel, their families and dependents, arguing that such aid is a fundamental right under Articles 14 and 21. The Union of India responded that the Ex‑Servicemen …
The Supreme Court heard writ petitions filed as public‑interest litigation by two MPs alleging that former Bihar Chief Ministers Lalu Prasad Yadav and Rabri Devi had unduly influenced the transfer of an Income‑Tax Appellate Tribunal member, the appointment of a Special CBI Judge, and the change of …
The Supreme Court examined the validity of a detention order issued under Section 3(1) of the Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, 1974 (COFEPOSA) against Vinod K. Chawla, who was alleged to have evaded customs duty by under‑invoicing electronic imports and …
The Supreme Court examined the validity of a preliminary notification under Section 28(1) of the Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board Act, 1966, which proposed to acquire 110.30 acres of land for industrial development, later reduced to 106 acres by a notification under Section 28(4). The …
The appellant, a Deputy Superintendent of Stamps, was charged under the IPC and Sections 3(2), 3(5) and 24 of the Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act (MCOCA) for allegedly aiding a large‑scale fake‑stamp racket. He had been in custody for over two years when the Special Court denied his bail …
The appellant, D. Anuradha, challenged the preventive detention of her husband under Section 3(1) of the Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, 1974, alleging procedural violations. She contended that the reference to the COFEPOSA Advisory Board was made after …
Girish Jayanti Lal Vaghela was appointed as a Drugs Inspector on a six‑month renewable contract from 1996, without a public advertisement or selection under the recruitment rules. When the UPSC advertised a regular selection in 2001, the upper age limit of 30 years (relaxable by five years for …
The case concerned the murder of Hira Singh during a Holi celebration in Ballia, Uttar Pradesh, where five accused assaulted him and others. The trial court convicted all five under Sections 302 and 149 of the IPC, imposing life imprisonment, while the High Court affirmed the convictions. On special …
The Supreme Court examined a Central Government notification under Section 3A of the National Highways Act, 1956 that sought to acquire land for a highway. The petitioners argued that the notification failed to give a brief description of the land and lacked a plan, rendering it invalid. The Court …
The appellant, P.K. Shaji, was charged under Sections 120B and 307 IPC and was granted bail by the Sessions Court with specific conditions, including reporting to the investigating officer on designated days and seeking magistrate’s permission before entering the sessions division. The bail order …
The appellant, owner of a tanker lorry, was stopped by police on routine patrol at 5:30 a.m. and a search revealed over 5 kg of opium concealed in the vehicle. He was convicted under Section 17 of the NDPS Act. On appeal, he challenged the validity of the search under Sections 42 and 50 of the NDPS …
The Supreme Court examined writ petitions challenging the Governor's proclamation dated 23 May 2005 that dissolved the Bihar Legislative Assembly after the state had been placed under President's Rule on 7 March 2005. The petitions argued that the dissolution was unconstitutional because the …
The Supreme Court examined an eviction dispute under the East Punjab Urban Rent Restriction Act, 1949, where a landlord who had migrated to the United Kingdom claimed NRI status and sought possession of a shop under Section 13‑B. The tenant argued that the landlord was not a genuine NRI, had not …
The State of Bihar prosecuted three accused—Amit Das, Sidharth and Rohan Prakash—for the murder of a student named Abhishek, alleging a conspiracy in which Amit Das shot the victim with a country‑made pistol supplied by Sidharth. Amit Das made a detailed confession before a Judicial Magistrate …
Gurmeet Singh was convicted of murdering thirteen members of his own family in a moonlit night, using swords, after a dispute over his newly‑married wife and a co‑accused. The trial court sentenced him to death under Section 302 IPC, a sentence confirmed by the Allahabad High Court despite a split …
The petitioner Md. Munna, convicted of murder and sentenced to imprisonment for life, filed a writ petition under Article 32 seeking a writ of habeas corpus, claiming that having served more than 21 years he should be released, contending that life imprisonment is equivalent to a term of 20 years …
The Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB) sought review of a Supreme Court judgment that had granted Hitech Electrothermics limited a reduced concessional tariff of three years, instead of the full five years, because the Board’s delay in supplying electricity prevented the company from commencing …
The Supreme Court examined whether a private employer could be subjected to a writ of mandamus under Article 226 of the Constitution for terminating employees under a contractual clause. The Court held that mandamus is a public‑law remedy and is available only when the body performs a public …
In 1988, a senior police officer allegedly slapped the posterior of a female officer at a dinner party, an act reported to senior officials but not acted upon. The victim and her husband later filed a criminal complaint before the Chief Judicial Magistrate alleging offences under Sections 341, 342, …
The appellant State of Punjab proved that the accused, Swaran Singh, was apprehended on 17 May 1992 with a plastic bag containing approximately 5 kg of opium; a 10‑gram sample was taken, sealed and sent for forensic analysis, and the chain of custody was testified to by PW‑1 and PW‑4. The accused …
The Supreme Court examined whether land granted to Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe beneficiaries under Rule 43‑J of the Mysore Land Revenue (Amendment) Rules, 1960 could be subject to a 15‑year restriction on alienation, even though the rule itself does not expressly provide such a condition. …
The Supreme Court examined the appeal of four accused convicted for the murder of Balmukund under Sections 302 read with 149 and 148 of the IPC. The prosecution relied on three eye‑witnesses who identified the accused despite the incident occurring at around 6 p.m., and on medical evidence showing …
The Supreme Court examined the procedure for appointing the President of the Haryana State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission under Section 16(1)(a) of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986, specifically the requirement of consultation with the Chief Justice of the High Court. The Court also …
The State of Uttar Pradesh, facing a severe shortage of primary school teachers, introduced a two‑month special Basic Teacher's Certificate (BTC) training programme for B.Ed/L.T. candidates, reserving 50% of seats for women and imposing a restriction that applications be made only for vacancies in …
Saibanna, already serving a life sentence for murdering his first wife, was released on parole and subsequently murdered his second wife Nagamma and their 16‑year‑old daughter Vijayalakshmi with a hunting knife while they slept. He was convicted under Section 302 IPC and sentenced to death by the …
Holiram Bordoloi, the appellant, was part of a gang that attacked the bamboo hut of Narayan Bordoloi, pelting stones, locking the door and setting it on fire, resulting in the deaths of Narayan and his six‑year‑old son, the latter being thrown back into the flames by the appellant. The appellant …
The accused were convicted under IPC sections 302 and 34 for allegedly setting a 20‑year‑old victim on fire. The prosecution’s case rested on the victim’s dying declaration and the testimony of the victim’s father (PW‑2). The Supreme Court found that the father’s written report to police was …
The Food Corporation of India (FCI) issued advertisements for direct recruitment to Joint Manager and Deputy Manager posts. The Central Government, invoking Section 6(2) of the Food Corporation Act, 1964, issued directives prohibiting creation of new posts, filling vacancies by fresh recruitment and …
The appellants Mangu Khan, Sirdar Khan and Subedar Khan attacked an informant, his father and brother over a dispute concerning a bund, using lathis, farsi and tanchia. The father and brother were killed on the spot while the informant sustained injuries. The trial court convicted all five accused …
Private educational societies sought to establish engineering colleges in Andhra Pradesh. They obtained approval from the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) but were denied permission under Section 20 of the Andhra Pradesh Education Act, 1982 because the State deemed the local area …
The State of Madhya Pradesh, represented by the CBI, appealed against the High Court's acquittal of nine accused, including Paltan Mallah, for the murder of trade‑union leader Shankar Guha Niyogi. The trial court had convicted them under Section 302 read with Section 120B IPC based on circumstantial …
The appellant, Rahul Agarwal, filed a criminal complaint against Rakesh Jain arising from a land dispute, alleging offences under IPC sections 341, 294 and 506(2) read with 34. After the trial was posted for examination of the accused, the Assistant Public Prosecutor applied for withdrawal of the …
Kailash Verma, a partner in a rice mill, was charged under IPC sections 406 and 428 for alleged non‑delivery of paddy to the Punjab State Civil Supplies Corporation. He obtained discharge from the Chief Judicial Magistrate on the ground that he was a sleeping partner. The corporation challenged the …
The appellants, Drivers Grade‑C of Central Railways, were promoted to Loco Supervisors before 1 January 1986. After the Fourth Pay Commission’s recommendations took effect on that date, Drivers Grade‑A promoted thereafter received a higher running allowance, leaving the earlier promoters with lower …
Seven accused, including Hari Badan Rai, were tried for the murder of Ram Krishna Singh and the concealment of his dead body under Sections 302, 201 and 34 of the IPC. The prosecution proved that the accused attacked the victim with weapons, disposed of his body in a river, and that a decomposed …
The Central Bureau of Investigation appealed against the Allahabad High Court’s order that quashed the murder‑conspiracy charges against Akhilesh Singh, a co‑accused in the killing of badminton player Syed Modi. The main accused, Dr. Sanjay Singh, and the deceased’s wife were earlier discharged, and …
The appellant, a former bank manager, was found guilty of sanctioning a loan to his wife in violation of SBI supervisory staff rules and was initially punished with a one‑stage salary reduction. He appealed the order, but the appeal was filed after the statutory period; the appellate authority …
C.G. Sharma was appointed as a Civil Judge on a two‑year probation under the Gujarat Judicial Service Recruitment Rules, 1961. His probation was extended twice and he was terminated for alleged unsatisfactory performance and integrity concerns. Sharma argued that the expiry of the probation period …
During a strike at a rubber factory in Goa, accused striking workers attacked visiting supervisors, resulting in one death. The Sessions Court convicted several accused based on eyewitness identification, but the High Court acquitted them, holding that the witnesses had no prior acquaintance and …
The dispute concerned several survey parcels of former royal land in Gujarat that were sold to Palitana Sugar Mills. The land, initially excluded from the Agricultural Land Ceiling Act, later fell under the Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Act, and the reservation of one parcel for Bhavnagar …
The State of Rajasthan prosecuted Constable Shambhoogiri for accepting a bribe of Rs.200 from a complainant, PW‑1, after the Sub‑Divisional Magistrate (SDM) had taken a written complaint and the currency notes. The SDM noted the serial numbers of the notes, recovered them from the accused, prepared …
Two senior translators of the Bombay High Court were accused of demanding bribes after a complaint by an advocate. An enquiry officer found them not guilty, but the disciplinary authority disagreed, issued a tentative decision, sought their explanations, and ultimately dismissed them. The appellants …
The Anti‑Corruption Bureau investigated M. Adinarayana under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 for possessing assets disproportionate to his known income and for acquiring property without prior intimation, and referred the matter to the Tribunal for Disciplinary Proceedings (TDP). The TDP …
The dispute concerned the seniority and appointment of the principal of Andhra Christian College, a minority institution, between appellant R. Sulochana Devi and respondent D.M. Sujatha. The Regional Joint Director (RJD) initially opined that another lecturer, Mr. P. Andrew, was senior, leading to …
The State of Rajasthan appealed against the Rajasthan High Court’s acquittal of Teg Bahadur and others, who were charged under Sections 498A, 304B and 201 IPC for the death of Suman within seven years of marriage. The prosecution alleged dowry demand and harassment leading to her death, but many …
Arun Garg was convicted for the dowry death of his wife Seema, who died within three years of marriage after alleged repeated dowry demands and harassment, culminating in her poisoning with aluminium phosphide. The trial court sentenced him to ten years' rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.2,000; …
In 1990 the Uttar Pradesh Public Service Commission conducted a combined State Services/Upper Subordinate Services examination for 358 posts, of which 57 were reserved for Backward Classes. The Commission allocated reserved‑category candidates to posts without giving due consideration to their …
The appellants, doctors Hardeep Singh Sohal and Surinder Singh Sandhu, were convicted for the murder of Dr. Megh Raj Goel based largely on a confession recorded from the alleged conspirator Balwinder Singh under Section 15 of the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act (TADA) and …
The appellant, a Head Clerk with 31 years of commendable service in the Northern Railways, supplied an "absentee" statement to a co‑worker who was litigating against the Railways. The Railway disciplinary authority treated this act as a serious misconduct, held the appellant guilty of leaking …
The Government of Andhra Pradesh issued a letter on 25 October 2001 calling for proposals for the IAS (Appointment by Selection) for the year 2002, but mistakenly wrote "2001" in the subject line. The first respondent, G. Limbadri Rao, argued that the typo meant the eligibility year was 2001, and …
The appellants, appointed as Class IV employees in Jammu & Kashmir in 1997, challenged the legality of their appointments, arguing that they were made following a government decision to improve rural representation and were recommended by legislators. The respondents contended that the appointments …
Surendra Pal Shivbalakpal, a migrant labourer, was accused of kidnapping, raping and murdering a minor girl named Savitri (Sanju). The prosecution relied on eyewitness testimony that the accused was seen carrying a child at night, forensic analysis showing blood and semen stains on his clothing, and …
The deceased Shiv Shankar Singh was attacked and killed with lathis fitted with iron rings after being intercepted on a motorcycle by the appellants. Three eye‑witnesses, who were friends of the deceased, testified to the assault, and a post‑mortem showed head injuries and an empty stomach. The …
The plaintiff claimed title to a Delhi property, alleging it was his private property purchased from the Maharaja of Kapurthala, while the Union of India and others contended it was State property of Kapurthala. The Court examined the 1947 Instrument of Accession, the 1948 covenant, and subsequent …
The State of Andhra Pradesh appealed the acquittal of K. P. Rao, a Commercial Tax Officer, who had been convicted by a Special Judge for demanding a bribe under sections 13(1)(d) and 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. The prosecution proved that the complainant visited Rao's house, …
The police conducted a night raid on the accused's house based on secret information and seized heroin, but failed to comply with the mandatory procedural requirements of Section 42 of the NDPS Act, including recording the information in writing and preparing a search memo. The trial court convicted …
The appellant Yakub Ismailbhai Patel was convicted under Section 302 read with Section 34 of the IPC for the murder of Nizamuddin. The prosecution relied primarily on the testimony of a single eye‑witness (PW‑2) who identified the accused, supported by a second witness (PW‑1), forensic evidence of a …
The appellants Bathusingh, Nar Singh, Bhal Singh and others were charged with the murder of Dhan Singh and Bhuru, based on the testimony of three eye‑witnesses and corroborating medical evidence showing multiple stab wounds and fractures. The accused pleaded self‑defence, alleging that their crops …
The State of Karnataka appealed against the Karnataka High Court's acquittal of four accused who had been convicted by a Sessions Court for murder and related offences under Sections 304 Part II, 149, 324, 148 and 143 of the IPC. The High Court set aside the conviction on the sole ground that the …
Six accused, including A‑1 Ravi, formed an unlawful assembly armed with knives and sticks and, driven by a grievance over the death of a sister, entered the house of the victim Shanmugam, assaulted him and caused injuries that led to his death. The prosecution relied on eye‑witnesses (the victim's …
The Supreme Court examined an appeal by Dhian Singh and his paternal uncle against convictions for dowry death and concealment of evidence. The first appellant was found guilty under Sections 304‑B and 201 of the IPC for causing the death of his wife, Shinder Kaur, by burning her after demanding …
Seventeen persons were tried for offences including murder; five were convicted, and the High Court upheld the murder convictions of A1‑A4 under Section 302 read with Section 34. The appellants argued that the charge sheet did not specifically allege an offence under Section 34 and that the evidence …
On 17 November 1974, Baijnath Singh was killed after the appellant thrust a spear into his abdomen during an altercation. The Sessions Court convicted the appellant and a co‑accused under Sections 302 and 34 of the IPC for murder; the High Court later acquitted the co‑accused and reduced the …
The appellants, manufacturers of pan masala and gutka, challenged state notifications issued under Section 7(iv) of the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 that prohibited the manufacture, sale, storage and distribution of these products in the interest of public health. The questions before …
The case arose from a violent incident on 12 January 2000 in which a group of accused intercepted a bus, entered it armed with firearms and indiscriminately shot eight passengers, later chasing two survivors to a house where they were also killed. The trial court convicted five of the accused under …
The Supreme Court examined whether the 23 November 1989 judgment, which granted title and possession of 64 bighas of land to respondents Vinod Kumar and others, constituted a decree that made them tenure‑holders under the Uttar Pradesh Imposition of Ceiling on Land Holdings Act, 1960. The State of …
Manoranjan Das, a businessman, introduced Loknath Acharya to a bank for opening a current account. Acharya later presented forged demand drafts and withdrew money, leading the bank to discover the fraud and file a police complaint against Acharya, Das and a bank employee under Sections 420 and 109 …
The appellant, T.T. Haneefa, was arrested on a public road after police, acting on prior information, suspected him of carrying narcotic drugs. He was informed of his right under Section 50 of the NDPS Act to be searched in the presence of a magistrate or gazetted officer and he declined that …
The appellants, Muniyandi and Jeevanantham, were convicted under Sections 8(c) and 20(b)(2) of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 for possession of hashish. The investigating officer, a police inspector, received information about drug sales, conducted a search, recovered the …
