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294 judgments · newest first · showing 1–200
The Zippers Karamchari Union filed a writ petition under Article 32 seeking to quash the Central Government's permission to YKK for setting up an integrated plant for zip fasteners and to set aside Notification No. S.O. 309(E) dated 30 May 1986, alleging that the de‑reservation of zip‑fastener …
The dispute involved two competing auction purchasers over a suit property that had been subject to a 1950 security deed (Exhibit A6) executed to raise an attachment before judgment. The trial court held that Exhibit A6 created a charge, granting the appellant a right to redeem the first mortgage …
The respondents, engineers deputed from the Central Public Works Department to the National Building Construction Corporation (NBCC) for projects in Iraq, were paid a foreign allowance of 125% of their basic salary. After the Fourth Pay Commission revised their basic pay, they sought a direction …
The Orissa Public Service Commission advertised a post of Junior Teacher (Lecturer) in Surgical Gastroenterology, requiring an M.S. degree with two years of special training in a Medical Council of India‑recognised institution. Dr. D. Sahu, a qualified surgeon who had acquired such training while …
Punjab National Bank (PNB) initiated disciplinary proceedings against two assistant managers, Misra and Goel, after a Rs 1 lakh shortage was discovered in a currency chest. An inquiry officer found Misra guilty of only one charge and exonerated Goel of all charges, but the bank's disciplinary …
The Food Corporation of India (FCI) amended its Staff Regulations in 1976 and 1977 (30th and 43rd Amendments) to require three years of service for graduates and five years for non‑graduates for promotion to Assistant Grade‑I and II posts. Non‑graduate employees filed writ petitions in several High …
The respondent, S.N. Dubey, a non‑State Civil Service officer appointed to the Indian Administrative Service in 1981, was assigned the year 1977 as his "year of allotment" for seniority purposes under the proviso to Rule 3(3)(c) of the IAS (Regulation of Seniority) Rules, 1954. He challenged this …
The Supreme Court examined the interpretation of Rule 258(2)(ii) of the Andhra Pradesh Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989 in the context of a scheme notified under Section 100(3) of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1985. Bus operators sought town‑service permits for routes extending beyond 8 km from municipal …
The appellant, an Executive Engineer who turned 50 in May 1985, was not reviewed under the 1983 circular that required performance review before age 50. Instead, his case was reviewed in June 1987 under a later 1986 circular that raised the performance standard to "not below good" and ordered his …
The Union of India appealed against a Madhya Pradesh High Court order that issued notice in a writ petition seeking to direct the Chief Justice of India to appoint Indore as a seat for the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court examined whether the writ petition raised any arguable or triable issue under …
The Municipal Corporation of Thane sought to levy octroi duty on PVC resin in powder form and synthetic hydrocarbon resin manufactured by Asmaco Plastic Industries. The respondents argued that these products should be classified under Entry 40(b) "chemicals of all sorts" of the Maharashtra …
The Supreme Court examined the meaning of the "seniority‑cum‑merit" criterion prescribed in the Regional Rural Banks (Appointment & Promotion of Officers and Other Employees) Rules, 1988 and applied it to promotions of officers to Area/Senior Manager posts in several banks. It held that …
The Union of India appealed against the Bombay High Court's order that set aside the customs collector's confiscation of prohibited goods and the vessel MANSC0‑3 under Sections 111(d), 111(f) and 115(2) of the Customs Act, 1962. The High Court had held that the vessel's arrival time for the 24‑hour …
Northern Plastic Ltd. imported 59 jumbo rolls of unexposed photographic colour films, describing them in the Bill of Entry as "Cinematographic Colour Films (Unexposed) Positive" and claimed customs and counter‑vailing duty exemptions under an Open General Licence. Customs authorities held the …
Bakelite Hylam Ltd., a manufacturer of laminated sheets made from paper, cotton fabric and glass fabric (known as Prepeg‑P, Prepeg‑F and Prepeg‑G), challenged the classification of its products under the Central Excise Tariff. The Tribunal had placed Prepeg‑F under Item 19(III), Prepeg‑P under Item …
The case concerned dependents of teaching and non‑teaching staff of non‑government aided schools in Uttar Pradesh who, after the death of the employee, applied for compassionate appointment under the U.P. Intermediate Education Act, 1921. The District Inspector appointed them to Class IV posts, but …
The Kerala State Cooperative Marketing Federation Ltd., an apex cooperative society, claimed a deduction under Section 80‑P(2)(a)(iii) of the Income Tax Act, 1961 for profits earned from marketing cashew nuts purchased from its member societies. The Income Tax Officer rejected the claim, and the …
Petitioners were appointed as General Duty Medical Officer Grade II by the Delhi Municipal Corporation between 1982 and 1985 on a purely ad‑hoc, stop‑gap basis, with explicit terms that the posts would be regularised only after passing the UPSC examination. After appearing before UPSC, they were …
Indian Bank filed a summary suit under Order 37 of the CPC against Maharashtra State Co‑operative Marketing Federation Ltd for recovery under a Letter of Credit. The Federation had earlier instituted a regular suit against the Bank and sought a stay of the summary suit invoking Section 10 of the …
The appellants were elected as independent councillors to the Mahabaleshwar Devasthan Municipal Council in December 1996. Shortly after the election they formed a front called Mahabaleshwar Giristhan Nagar Parishad Shahar Vikas Aghadi and nominated a candidate for the council's president, issuing a …
The case concerned Project Casual Labour employees of the Southern Railway who were later absorbed into regular posts and sought to have their service rendered before 1 January 1981 counted as qualifying service for pension and other retiral benefits. The Railway Board’s 1980 order allowed half of …
The appellant owned the vessel M.V. Indian Resolve which arrived at Calcutta carrying a mixed cargo that included 1,22,400 cigarettes. A shortage of 45,000 cigarettes was later discovered, and the Additional Collector of Customs invoked Section 115(1)(e) of the Customs Act, 1962 to confiscate the …
The Supreme Court Bar Association filed a writ petition challenging the Supreme Court's order in Vinay Chandra Mishra, which suspended an advocate's licence for three years while punishing him for criminal contempt. The Court examined whether Articles 129 and 142 of the Constitution empower the …
The Supreme Court reviewed a 1997 decision that allowed reservation for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes in a single‑post cadre by means of a rotating roster. The Court examined whether such reservation, either directly or via roster rotation, is constitutionally …
The Supreme Court examined whether Members of Parliament (MPs) could claim immunity under Article 105(2) of the Constitution for offences of offering or accepting bribes to influence their speech or vote in Parliament, and whether they fall within the definition of "public servant" under the …
Thermax Ltd. manufactured high‑pressure boilers and, in addition to the price of the boilers, separately charged customers for design, engineering, installation and commissioning services. The Assistant Collector of Central Excise and the Customs, Excise and Gold (Control) Appellate Tribunal held …
Hyderabad Vanaspathi Ltd. entered into two high‑tension electricity supply agreements with the Andhra Pradesh State Electricity Board (APSEB). After the Board discovered alleged pilferage, it disconnected supply and made a provisional and then a final assessment of loss under Clause 39 of the …
The Agricultural Research Service (ICAR) revised its scientists' pay scales and service rules retrospectively to align with the UGC pay package effective 1 January 1986. The respondent, a Scientist S‑1 appointed in 1982, claimed a vested right to promotion under the old five‑yearly assessment …
The appellants, assistant teachers of the primary sections in a recognised junior high school in Uttar Pradesh, filed writ petitions seeking payment of their salaries under the Uttar Pradesh Junior High School (Payment of Salaries of Teachers and other Employees) Act, 1978. The Allahabad High Court …
The respondents, M/s Orient Enterprises, imported skimmed milk powder which the Customs Collector deemed undervalued and ordered confiscation, allowing redemption on payment of a fine, penalty and additional duty. The revenue’s appeal against the Tribunal’s order that the goods were lawfully …
The petitioner sought a writ directing the State of Maharashtra to hold a Common Entrance Examination for admission to its medical colleges, invoking Regulation 5(2) of the Medical Council of India’s 1997 Regulations. Maharashtra argued it fell under Regulation 5(3) because the CBSE board …
Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC) recruited both science graduates and engineering diploma holders as Assistant Operators/Operators between 1969 and 1977. Later DVC decided to upgrade all existing diploma engineers to the rank of Assistant Controller and to create a separate Sub‑ordinate Engineering …
Mirah Exports Pvt. Ltd. and other importers brought ball bearings from SKF at discounts of 50‑70% to the published price list. The Customs authorities issued show‑cause notices alleging undervaluation and relied on the 1981‑82 price list, contending that discounts above 20% were not admissible under …
The respondents, shareholders of a company in voluntary liquidation, received dividends from the liquidator after the sale of the company's assets. The sale proceeds exceeded the written‑down value of the assets but were less than the original purchase price, so the excess was taxed in the company …
The Uttar Pradesh Avas Evam Vikas Parishad (Parishad) acquired over 200 acres of land for a housing scheme under its 1965 Act and determined compensation at Rs 30 per sq yd, which landowners contested, claiming Rs 150 per sq yd. The Civil Court fixed Rs 150 per sq yd with a 10 % deduction; the High …
The Supreme Court entertained a public interest writ petition under Article 32 concerning large‑scale electricity theft, loss of coal wagons and related malpractices by the Uttar Pradesh State Electricity Board (UPSEB). After hearing counsel for the petitioners, the State, UPSEB and an amicus …
The Collector of Central Excise appealed against New Tobacco Co. challenging the company's claim that a Central Excise notification dated 30‑Nov‑1982 became effective only when it was made available to the public on 8‑Dec‑1982, not on the date of its printing in the Gazette. The company had paid …
The State of Kerala appealed against the Kerala High Court’s decision that the rubber cess imposed under the Rubber Act, 1947 could not be included in the purchase turnover of dealers for sales‑tax purposes. The dealers argued that the cess was payable only by the manufacturer and therefore not part …
The Supreme Court examined the classification of paper‑based decorative laminated sheets, cotton‑fabric‑based laminates and paper‑based electrical insulators manufactured by M/s Wood Polymers Ltd. The Revenue argued that the products fell under Chapter 48 (sub‑headings 4818.90/4823.90) and were …
The appeal arose from the removal of several Pradhans of Gram Sabhas in Uttar Pradesh under Section 14 of the U.P. Panchayat Raj Act, 1947 (as amended by Act 9 of 1994). The Pradhans challenged the provision, arguing that only the members of the Gram Sabha who elected them could remove them and that …
Maj. Gen. W.S. Chona, a non‑General Cadre officer of the Corps of Engineers, sought promotion to Lt. General in the Army’s "Staff Only" stream under the 1986 two‑stream concept. The Special Selection Board found him unfit because he had not satisfied clause (b) of the Qualitative Requirements, which …
Two petitioners, Charan Lal Sahu and Mithilesh Kumar, filed an election petition challenging the election of K.R. Narayanan as President of India. Their nomination papers were rejected because they did not satisfy the mandatory requirement of Section 5B(1)(a) of the Presidential and …
The petitioner, Dharti Pakar Madan Lal Agrawal, filed a composite election‑petition‑cum‑writ petition under Article 32 challenging the constitutionality of Sections 5‑B and 5‑C of the Presidential and Vice‑Presidential Elections Act, 1952 as amended by the 1997 Ordinance. The Supreme Court held that …
The respondent, K.T. Patel, was dismissed from Dena Bank and the Central Industrial Tribunal ordered his reinstatement, which the bank challenged before the Gujarat High Court. The High Court stayed the award but required the bank to pay wages under Section 17‑B of the Industrial Disputes Act. The …
A. Nagamalleswara Rao was appointed as a telephone operator by falsely claiming 79.80% marks in his SSC examination, whereas he had actually secured only 48.6%. He failed to produce the original or a duplicate SSC certificate despite repeated requests, leading to a departmental inquiry under Rule …
The respondent, a registered dealer under the Karnataka Sales Tax Act, purchased fish oil from unregistered dealers and sold it within Karnataka to another dealer, Kalbhavi, who intended to export the oil. The issue was whether the purchase of the fish oil attracted purchase tax under Section 6 of …
The Delhi High Court had struck down certain provisions of the Delhi Municipal Corporation (Determination of Rateable Valuation) Bye‑laws, 1994 and the Property Tax Return Bye‑laws, 1994, holding them repugnant to Sections 135 and 131 of the Delhi Municipal Corporation Act, 1957. The appellant filed …
The Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA) issued Standing Instructions governing promotion channels for its employees. Four Quality Supervisors appointed directly to Group B posts sought to change their promotion channel, but the Executive Committee rejected their request, holding …
The Union of India challenged the validity of Rule 2(i)(a) of the Assistant Engineers (Akashwani and Doordarshan Group ‘B’ Posts) Recruitment (Amendment) Rules, 1985, which provides a 25% promotion quota through a Departmental Promotion Committee. The respondents argued that the rule discriminated …
Vijayawada Bottling Co. Ltd., a manufacturer of Maaza Mango aerated water, excluded rental and service charges for returnable bottles from its price list. The Assistant Collector of Central Excise included these charges in the assessable value, a view affirmed by the Collector (Appeals). The CCEAT …
Mis Oblum Electrical Industries, a manufacturer of lightning arrestors, imported Crystar beams as kiln furniture and claimed duty‑free clearance under Customs Notification No. 210/82 and No. 116/88. The Additional Collector of Customs and the Customs, Excise & Gold (Control) Appellate Tribunal held …
The appellant, a class‑IV employee, was promoted to the post of clerk in a government‑aided college. Respondent No. 4, the son of a government servant who died in service, claimed a compassionate appointment under the Uttar Pradesh Recruitment of Dependents of Government Servants Dying in Harness …
Commonwealth Trust Ltd., a company that had claimed depreciation on its factory buildings, sold those assets after 1 January 1954 and computed capital gains using the option under Section 55(2)(i) to take the fair market value as of that date as the cost of acquisition. The Income Tax Officer and …
The Andhra Pradesh State Financial Corporation (AP SFC) had sanctioned a term loan to Vajra Chemicals Ltd., which defaulted despite several notices and a recall‑cum‑sale notice under Section 29 of the State Financial Corporations Act. After the borrower failed to honour post‑dated cheques, the …
R.M. Arunachalam inherited immovable properties from his adoptive mother, who had received them by will from her husband Ramanathan Chettiar. The assessee sold these properties during assessment years 1966-67 to 1972-73 and claimed that the estate duty paid under the Estate Duty Act, 1953, should be …
The appellant sold a house that was mortgaged and the mortgage debt was discharged by the buyer from the sale proceeds. The appellant argued that the amount used to clear the mortgage should be treated as part of the cost of acquisition or as an improvement, thereby reducing the capital gains tax of …
Mis Sundaram Spinning Mills appealed against a Madras High Court order that denied its claim for an extra shift allowance on machinery added in the previous year, on the basis that the entire concern worked double and triple shifts. The assessee argued that the additional shifts justified an extra …
South India Viscose Ltd., a public limited company engaged in rayon yarn and wood pulp manufacturing, claimed extra shift depreciation allowance for AY 1971-72 on the basis of the number of days the entire concern worked double or triple shift, rather than on a per‑machinery basis. The Income Tax …
The Supreme Court examined an appeal by advocate P.D. Gupta under Section 38 of the Advocates Act, 1961, challenging his one‑year suspension imposed by the Bar Council of India for professional misconduct. Gupta, who had acted as counsel for a client in litigation over the estate of the deceased …
The deceased left extensive assets in England and India. Under a India‑United Kingdom agreement, estate duty paid in the UK was credited against the Indian estate duty under Section 30 of the Estate Duty Act, 1953. The daughters, as accountable persons, claimed that the UK estate duty, interest on …
The assessee, a charitable trust created in 1942, amended its deed in 1971 to require that surplus funds be invested in a company in which the trustees had a substantial interest. It claimed exemption of the interest earned on those investments under Section 11 of the Income Tax Act, relying on the …
The Supreme Court examined a transfer of a partnership's business as a going concern to a limited company for Rs 8 lakhs. The Revenue had taxed the depreciation claimed by the firm under Section 41(2) of the Income‑Tax Act and also taxed capital gains. The High Court had held that Section 41(2) did …
The assessee partnership firm was granted registration under Section 184(7) of the Income Tax Act for the 1967-68 assessment year and was treated as registered for subsequent years. The Commissioner, invoking Section 263, cancelled the renewal of registration for 1972-73 and 1973-74, alleging …
The Vellore Electric Corporation Ltd., a licensee under the Electricity Supply Act, claimed deductions for amounts transferred to its Contingencies, Development and Tariffs‑and‑Dividend Control reserves for assessment years 1967‑68 to 1970‑71, and also sought relief under Section 80‑1 for interest …
The partnership firm Artex Manufacturing sold its entire business as a going concern to a newly formed private limited company for Rs 11,50,400, paid by allotment of shares. The issue was whether the surplus arising from the difference between the re‑valued value of plant, machinery and dead‑stock …
The appellants, originally Junior Engineers in the CPWD, were transferred to the Posts & Telegraphs (Civil Wing) and promoted on an ad‑hoc basis as Assistant Engineers between 1970 and 1977, with regularisation effective 20‑Mar‑1978. Their seniority list, prepared in 1987, was challenged before the …
The petitioner, a former Joint Secretary who retired in 1968, sought to have his pension calculated on the same basis as those who retired after the 1979 liberalised pension formula was introduced, arguing that the Supreme Court's decision in D.S. Nakara required uniform treatment irrespective of …
Dr. Ashok filed a public‑interest petition under Article 32 seeking a ban on 40 insecticides and chemicals deemed hazardous to health. The Union of India set up an expert committee, issued notifications cancelling the registration of certain insecticides and restricting others. Manufacturers …
The Supreme Court examined whether Amalgamation Pvt. Ltd., a bulk shareholder holding investments in numerous subsidiaries, could claim a capital loss on the forced sale of shares to a subsidiary of a subsidiary, whether a loss incurred while guaranteeing a subsidiary's loan qualified as a business …
The landlord filed an eviction suit under Section 11(l)(c) of the Bihar Buildings (Lease, Rent & Eviction) Act, 1982 and simultaneously moved an application under Section 15 for arrears of rent both before and after the filing of the suit. The Subordinate Court ordered the tenant to deposit all …
M/s. Chillies Export House Ltd., a public limited company engaged in exporting chillies, claimed that its activities of sorting, grading, clipping, stemming and fumigation (the latter performed by a contractor) amounted to "processing of goods" under the Finance Acts, making it an "industrial …
The U.P. State Industrial Development Corporation, a state undertaking, underwrites shares of companies and, when the public does not subscribe, purchases the shares itself, receiving underwriting commission and brokerage. It adjusts the commission against the cost of those shares, treating it as a …
The plaintiff, B.S. Aulakh, was appointed on probation as Plant Protection Expert in MARKFED and discharged before completing probation. He was subsequently appointed Plant Protection Officer in SUGARFED, later confirmed, and his post was abolished by a resolution dated 20‑12‑1977. Aulakh filed a …
Madras Industrial Investment Corporation Ltd. issued debentures at a 2% discount, creating a liability of Rs. 3,00,000 payable over 12 years. For the assessment year 1968‑69 it wrote off Rs. 12,500 as the proportionate discount for six months. The Income‑Tax Appellate Tribunal allowed deduction of …
The appellants, a Hindu Undivided Family (HUF) of four members, filed a suit for partition in 1954, with a final decree in 1961. The Wealth Tax Officer assessed the family for assessment years 1958-59, 1959-60 and 1960-61, treating it as an undivided family of four members because no physical …
The insured had taken four LIC policies and missed the third half‑yearly premium. A general agent collected a bearer cheque for the overdue premium after the grace period, encashed it and deposited the amount with LIC after the insured's death. LIC rejected the claim, stating the policies had lapsed …
Godhra Electricity Co. Ltd., a licensee under the Electricity Act, raised electricity rates but could not recover the increased charges because of protracted consumer litigation, a government advisory to maintain status quo, and a takeover of its undertaking under the Defence of India Rules. The …
The non‑resident company Banque Nationale de‑Paris challenged a Super Profits Tax assessment that included interest received on Central and State Government securities. It argued that, under Clause X of Rule 1 of the First Schedule of the Super Profits Tax Act, 1963, such interest should be excluded …
Dr. Chaudhary, originally appointed as an Associate Professor of Neurosurgery on an ad‑hoc basis, was later promoted to Professor. Dr. Ramesh Chandra challenged the promotion, arguing that Chaudhary lacked the requisite qualifications under the Indian Medical Council Regulations (IMCR) 1971, …
The Delhi Stock Exchange Association Ltd., a company limited by shares, claimed exemption from income tax under Section 11 read with Section 2(15) of the Income Tax Act, 1961, asserting that its income was derived from property held in trust for charitable purposes. The claim pertained to assessment …
The Supreme Court examined whether the Coal Controller, exercising powers under Clause 8 (and 9) of the Colliery Control Order, 1945, could direct Central Coalfields Ltd. (CCL) to transfer allotted steam‑coal from Urimari and Jarangdih collieries to Sirka collieries, thereby overriding CCL's …
The Nagpur Improvement Trust (NIT) was liable to pay non‑agricultural assessment levied under the Maharashtra Land Revenue Code on lands it had leased to various lessees. The lessees contested this liability, arguing that Rule 9 of the Nagpur Improvement Trust (Land Disposal) Rules, 1955 made the …
East India Pharmaceutical Works Ltd. had an overdraft facility and paid its income tax out of that overdraft, claiming the interest of Rs. 28,488 as a deduction under Section 37(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The Assessing Officer disallowed the claim, the Tribunal upheld the disallowance, and the …
Jagdish Singh, a member of Dronacharaya Co-operative Group Housing Society, also enrolled in Tribal Co-operative Housing Society Ltd., violating Rule 25(1)(c)(iii) of the Delhi Co-operative Societies Rules, 1973. The Registrar issued a show‑cause notice, found him disqualified, and ordered cessation …
The appellant, Managing Director of Karna Distillery Co., transferred Rs 1,74,639 to a partnership firm owned by his children, later showing the amount as returned and then as a loan to the children. The Assessing Officer added the interest on this amount to the appellant's income under Sec. 61 of …
The respondent, K.G. Sangameswaran, an accountant employed by United Planters Association, was dismissed for alleged misappropriation. He appealed the dismissal under Section 41(2) of the Tamil Nadu Shops and Establishments Act, 1947, claiming that no domestic enquiry had been held. The Appellate …
The Kotagiri Industrial Co‑operative Tea Factory Ltd., a co‑operative society, earned Rs 85,150 in the assessment year 1972‑73 and had carried forward losses of Rs 1,82,744. It claimed a deduction of Rs 53,386 under section 80‑P(2) of the Income Tax Act. The Income Tax Officer first set off the …
Sh. Mohammad Ali Khan owned the Khas Bagh Palace, which the Central Government declared as his official residence under the Merged States (Taxation Concessions) Order, 1949. He claimed exemption from wealth tax for the entire palace under Section 5(1)(iii) of the Wealth Tax Act, 1957, arguing that …
Madhumilan Syntex Pvt. Ltd., a manufacturer of spun yarn, obtained approval for its product under Tariff Item 18‑III(i) of the Central Excises and Salt Act, 1944, which attracted a lower duty. After chemical analysis, the Superintendent of Central Excise issued a demand notice asserting that the …
The case concerned the fixation of seniority for Assistant Conservators of Forests recruited directly in Gujarat. The 1981 Recruitment Rules dealt only with recruitment and appointment and were silent on seniority. The Gujarat Government issued a 1992 resolution treating the two‑year training period …
The appellant, Brooke Bond India Ltd., a public limited company, issued ordinary shares at a premium to increase its share capital and incurred Rs 13,99,305 in expenses, which it claimed as a deductible revenue expense under Section 37(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The Assessing Officer disallowed …
Prahlad Saran Gupta, a senior advocate and standing counsel for the Railways, was disciplined by the Bar Council of India for alleged professional misconduct, including drafting a notice for a private client while acting for the Railways, handing a letter to a judgment debtor to obtain a stay of …
The appellant, a partnership firm, had claimed a development rebate under sections 33(1)(a) and 34(3)(a) of the Income Tax Act for several assessment years. One partner died, causing the firm to dissolve on 3 March 1968, before the eight‑year utilisation period prescribed by section 34(3)(a). A new …
Progressive Financers, a partnership of five persons including a minor admitted to the benefits of the firm, applied for registration under Section 184 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 for AY 1967-68 and for renewal for AY 1969-70 and 1970-71. The Income Tax Officer rejected the application, treating the …
The respondents, pre‑1979 retirees of the Rajasthan government, challenged the 1970 and 1974 notifications that liberalised pension benefits with cut‑off dates, alleging discrimination under Article 14. They did not challenge the later 2 September 1985 notification which extended the revised pension …
The Supreme Court examined the validity of Punjab National Bank’s (PNB) transfer of surplus officers and staff of the merged New Bank of India (NBI) before a Central Government placement scheme was issued. The petitioners argued that such transfers violated paragraphs 5(2) and 5(4) of the …
Jonas Woodhead & Sons Ltd., a Indian automobile spring manufacturer, entered into a collaboration with a UK firm to obtain technical know‑how and plant set‑up services, agreeing to pay a royalty calculated as a percentage of gross turnover. The Income‑Tax Officer disallowed one‑quarter of the …
Maharani Raj Laxmi Devi, after adopting a minor son and the death of her husband, claimed HUF status and excluded the minor's one‑sixth share—acquired under Section 6 of the Hindu Succession Act—from the HUF's taxable income for AY 1966‑67 to 1970‑71. The Income Tax Officer held that, absent a …
The Rajasthan State Electricity Board Accountants Association challenged Entry 19 of the 1974 Regulations, which reserved 25% of promotion vacancies for accountants holding ICWA/DCWA qualifications and required a longer seven‑year service period for those without such qualifications. The association …
V.P. Kumaravelu, appointed City Government Pleader, failed to prosecute two civil suits, resulting in ex parte decrees against the State of Tamil Nadu. The Bar Council of India, after a disciplinary proceeding, found him guilty of negligence and professional misconduct and imposed a severe …
The appellant challenged the Delivery of Postal Articles Orders of 1991 and 1996, arguing that delivering mail to a mailbox in a high‑rise building was beyond the powers granted under the Indian Post Office Act, 1898, and that existing buildings lacking mailbox space should be exempt. The High Court …
The Supreme Court examined the merger of Telex Operators into the Assistant Grade‑II (AG‑II) cadre of the Oil and Natural Gas Commission (ONGC) and the consequent seniority and promotion issues. The Telex Operators were redesignated as AG‑II employees on 25 April 1980 and placed en bloc below …
Ishwar Prasad Arya, a practising advocate, was convicted under Section 307 of the Indian Penal Code for assaulting an opponent with a knife in a courtroom and sentenced to three years' rigorous imprisonment. The State Bar Council suspended him from practice for three years under Section 35 of the …
The Supreme Court examined the fixation of levy‑sugar prices for the years 1974‑75 to 1979‑80 under Section 3(3‑C) of the Essential Commodities Act, 1955. Earlier the Court had directed the Government to amend the notifications to include the sugar producer’s liability under clause SA (5A) of the …
The Assistant Collector of Customs appealed against Anam Electrical Manufacturing Co. challenging the levy of a ten‑percent surcharge and the handling of a refund claim under the Central Excise Act, 1944 and the Customs Act, 1962. The Supreme Court examined whether the surcharge could be upheld and, …
Anarkali Sarabhai held 297 redeemable preference shares of Universal Corporation Pvt Ltd, purchased for Rs 2,68,550. The company redeemed the shares, paying the face value of Rs 2,97,000, resulting in a surplus of Rs 30,450. The Income Tax Officer treated the surplus as a capital gain under Section …
The Income Tax Officer had completed assessments for 1969-70 and 1971-72, accepting the assessee's claim of a long‑term capital loss on the sale of shares. Later, a letter from the Deputy Director of the Directorate of Inspection, supported by documentary evidence, indicated that the fair market …
M/s Orient Trading Co. held 14,500 shares of Asiatic Oxygen & Acetylene Co. as stock-in-trade, valued at Rs 1,45,000. It exchanged these for 55,100 shares of Asiatic Oxygen Ltd. at a ratio of 38:10. The Income Tax Officer valued the received shares at Rs 5,51,000 (based on market price of Rs 10 per …
Amar Nath Bansal, originally a civilian clerk in the Jind State Civil Service (1943), later served in the merged state of PEPSU, then Punjab, and finally Haryana. The Jind Service Regulations of 1945 fixed the retirement age at 62, but after the formation of PEPSU the Raj Pramukh issued Ordinances …
The case concerned the promotion of Assistant Engineers in the Central Public Works Department to the post of Executive Engineer. Under the 1954 Recruitment Rules, only graduate Assistant Engineers were eligible, but a 1972 proviso allowed diploma‑holder engineers with "outstanding ability and …
The petitioners were Class III and IV employees appointed by the Central Government for the 1991 Census in Bihar, whose services were terminated after the census. They filed writ petitions seeking compulsory absorption in the Bihar State Government, relying on earlier letters and policy decisions of …
The Supreme Court examined appeals by the State of Bihar against a Patna High Court order directing the absorption of Class III and IV employees who were temporarily appointed by the Central Government for the 1991 Census and whose services were terminated. The petitioners claimed they were state …
The respondents, employed as Revisors in the Punjab and Haryana High Court, claimed that they were entitled to the pay scale of Superintendent Grade II retrospectively from 23 January 1975. The original 1973 Service Rules placed Revisors on a lower pay scale, and only a notification dated 5 August …
The Supreme Court examined whether the Dandakaranya Project, undertaken by the Central Government for refugee rehabilitation, qualified as an "industry" under Section 2(j) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, and whether the Industrial Tribunal could lawfully direct the regularisation of 425 …
The respondent, a Sub‑Inspector of Police, was reinstated after a prior dismissal was set aside, but subsequently remained on extended medical leave and failed to appear before a Medical Board despite orders from his Superintendent. The State initiated disciplinary proceedings for his …
The respondent, a Head Constable in the Tamil Nadu Police, was charged with being drunk and in 'mufti' while on duty on 7 July 1984, and a charge memo was issued by a Deputy Superintendent of Police. A departmental enquiry found him guilty and he was initially demoted to Constable Grade‑I; the …
The Paradip Port Trust awarded a contract for constructing a coal‑handling wharf to AFCONS (the appellant) after the Asian Development Bank (ADB) indicated that only AFCONS could secure the loan. Respondent No. 1 (Trafalgar House) challenged the award, arguing that it was the lowest evaluated bidder …
Kunji Raman and 36 other work‑charged employees of the Mahi Sagar Project filed a writ petition alleging that the Rajasthan Service Rules, 1951 and the Rajasthan Service (Concessions on Project) Rules, 1962/1975 were inapplicable to them, depriving them of house‑rent allowance, project allowance and …
The Government of India, via a 1975 resolution, created a Subordinate Services Commission to recruit non‑technical Class III posts and issued a 1993 advertisement stipulating zone‑wise recruitment with separate merit lists for each of 15 zones. Applicants who scored higher marks than some selected …
Dr. R.K. Goyal was appointed on an ad‑hoc basis as a lecturer in orthopaedics in a Uttar Pradesh medical college in 1983 without the three‑years teaching experience that the Public Service Commission later stipulated in its advertisement. The appointment was subsequently regularised under the Uttar …
The Madhya Pradesh Government, unable to fill lecturer posts through the Public Service Commission, upgraded 21 casualty medical officer (CMO) posts to the lecturer grade and appointed doctors on an ad‑hoc basis in 1971. Their services were later regularised under the M.P. Regularisation of Ad‑hoc …
A writ petition (Cr) No. 296 of 1993 was filed by Smt. Birmati alleging that her two minor daughters had been kidnapped. The petition was supported by Mahila Dakshita Samiti. The Secretary of the Samiti claimed that she was threatened by Anand Singh Dangi and the village Sarpanch, Balwan Singh, to …
The appellant appeared for the Civil Services Examination (CSE) in 1989 and 1990, receiving a supplementary list for a Group A/B service in 1991 but remaining silent, and later being allocated to the Indian Revenue Service (IRS) based on his 1990 rank. He was subsequently directed to join the …
The case concerned ex‑servicemen who retired before age 55 and were re‑employed in the civil service. Their pay was fixed at the minimum scale, and they claimed advance increments where the total of pay plus pension was less than the pay drawn at retirement, invoking Office Memoranda (OM) of 1958 …
Krishan Bhandari, originally appointed as a temporary Science Master in the Union Territory of Chandigarh, was later transferred to the post of Science Supervisor on his own pay scale and later confirmed as a Science Master. He claimed that, because he performed the same duties as a District Science …
The Bihar Public Service Commission (BPSC) introduced a system of centralised evaluation of answer books for the 38th Combined Competitive Examination, a decision taken by the Chairman and a majority of members on 18 September 1993. The High Court set aside this decision, holding that the process of …
Vipin Chandra Hiralal Shah, a Gujarat Administrative Service officer, was omitted from the 1979 promotion list and thereafter no separate select lists were prepared for 1980‑85. In 1986‑87 a consolidated list covering vacancies from 1980‑86 was prepared, again excluding Shah. He challenged this …
Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. (HAL), a public sector undertaking, had rules permitting compassionate appointments of dependents of deceased employees, subject to vacancy availability (Rule 78.3). After her husband, a Senior Inspector, died in 1987, the respondent applied for such an appointment and was …
The respondent, an IAS officer of the 1962 batch, was promoted to Additional Secretary but was not empanelled for the post of Secretary. He challenged the non‑inclusion before the Central Administrative Tribunal, which held that the Special Committee had acted arbitrarily by not recording reasons …
The Supreme Court examined the validity of the University Grants Commission's (UGC) exemption dates for candidates seeking lecturer appointments without clearing the eligibility test. The petitioners (UGC) argued that the circulars of 1993 and the 1995 notification, which set cut‑off dates of 31 …
The Supreme Court, hearing numerous interlocutory applications in the T.M.A. Pai Foundation matter, clarified that the fee structures it had fixed for the academic years 1993-94, 1994-95 and 1995-96 are confined to those years only and are not refundable. It ordered that the fee order of 11 August …
The case concerned promotions of constables to head constables in the Kerala Police Subordinate Service. Senior constables who had failed a 1978 promotion test were later qualified in a 1981 test, but juniors who qualified in 1978 were promoted first under Rule 10(ii) of a 1963 order. The senior …
The landlord, Pralhad Lalchand Chavan, obtained permission from the Rent Controller under clause 13(3)(vi) of the Central Provinces and Berar Rent Control Order to terminate his tenant's lease on the ground of bona‑fide residence. After the permission became final, he served a notice under Section …
The Supreme Court examined appeals filed by landlady Fatima Bee against the Andhra Pradesh High Court, which had set aside earlier findings that she required the non‑residential premises bona fide for her bangle‑manufacturing business and that the tenants' claim of permanent tenancy was mala fide. …
The Kerala State Electricity Board (KSEB) created a separate Secretariat Service in 1964, appointing officers without competitive tests. In 1981 KSEB integrated this Secretariat into its general establishment through regulations, and in 1985 amended the seniority rules to base inter‑se seniority on …
Mrs. Meenal Eknath Kshirsagar, owner of a flat in Bombay, filed a suit for eviction of a firm and its partner, claiming she and her husband had no other residential premises and therefore required the suit premises for personal occupation. The husband had previously been a tenant of a two‑bedroom …
The Directorate of Vigilance investigated corruption complaints against D. Subramanyam RataDev, a Superintendent of Police, and sent a report to the Tamil Nadu Government. The Government referred the matter to the Disciplinary Tribunal under the Tamil Nadu Civil Services (Disciplinary Proceedings …
Hindustan Steelworks Construction Ltd. (HSCL) awarded a construction contract to Tarapore & Co. (the contractor) and obtained fourteen unconditional bank guarantees from Bank of India, each stipulating that HSCL was the sole judge on breach and loss. After the contractor failed to complete the work, …
The appellants, drivers and conductors originally employed by the Uttar Pradesh Government Roadways, were deemed on deputation to the Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation when it was created on 1 June 1972. While on deputation, several of them were terminated or suspended by officers of …
Usha Subbarao, the widow of B.N. Subbarao (one of five sons of Dr. N.S. Nanjundiah), claimed a one‑fifth share in the properties left by her father‑in‑law under a 1935 will. The will divided the estate into Schedules A, B, C and D, gave management rights to the testator’s wife, and stipulated that …
The case concerned disciplinary proceedings against two employees of the Employees' State Insurance Corporation (ESIC). The Regional Director of Karnataka initiated proceedings, and the Director General later imposed a penalty. The respondents challenged the memoranda initiating the proceedings and …
Mangilal Pindwal, an Upper Division Clerk of the Rajasthan Government, was compulsorily retired on 31 March 1973 under sub‑rule (2) of Rule 244 of the Rajasthan Service Rules, 1951, with payment of three months' salary. He challenged the order, and the Rajasthan High Court set aside the retirement …
The Karnataka State Financial Corporation (KSFC) had extended loans to a rubber manufacturing company (Respondent No.1) which defaulted, leading KSFC to take over the unit under Section 29 of the State Financial Corporations Act, 1951 and initiate its sale. After several advertisements, offers were …
Mr. A. Trehan, an employee of M/s. Associated Electrical Agencies, suffered a serious eye injury while repairing a television. As an insured person under the Employees' State Insurance (ESI) Act, 1948, he received benefits from the ESI Corporation and later filed a claim for additional compensation …
The State of Manipur issued a "Die‑in‑Harness" compassionate appointment scheme for dependents of government servants who died in service, later revising it to exclude ad‑hoc, off‑iciating, work‑charged and casual appointees. The dependents of two confirmed work‑charged employees sought appointments …
The dispute concerned the appointment of the Head Gaonburah of Simong village in Arunachal Pradesh. The Deputy Commissioner approved the petitioner's appointment on 31 January 1994 and issued a WT message on 15 February 1994 directing that the petitioner be informed. No actual communication of the …
The petitioners, Peoples Union of Civil Liberties and others, filed a public‑interest writ seeking the suspension and criminal prosecution of Dr. Khalilullah, Director of G.B. Pant Hospital, alleging massive financial irregularities. The Delhi Health Secretary recommended his suspension, the Chief …
The Haryana State Electricity Board advertised 62 junior engineer posts, stating that candidates with higher qualifications would receive preference. After screening, 212 candidates were shortlisted and 147 were appointed, far exceeding the advertised vacancies. The petitioners challenged the …
The petitioners, members of Paschim Banga Khet Mazdoor Samiti, filed a writ petition under Article 32 on behalf of Hakim Seikh, who suffered serious head injuries after falling from a train and was repeatedly denied admission in several government hospitals due to lack of beds and facilities, …
The Allahabad Bank Officers Association challenged the bank's order of compulsory retirement of a senior officer, alleging that the order was stigmatic and therefore a punitive dismissal under Article 311(2) of the Constitution. The bank had constituted a Special Committee under Regulation 19 of its …
K.C.P. Sinha, who had been employed by the U.P. State Mineral Development Corporation since 1977, was compulsorily retired in August 1988 under Rule 27(iv) of the corporation’s service rules, which permits retirement at age 50 with three months’ notice. He challenged the order, arguing that the rule …
The All India Regional Rural Bank Employees Association and the All India Gramin Bank Workers Organisation filed writ petitions seeking pay parity between Regional Rural Bank (RRB) employees and those of nationalised commercial banks. A National Industrial Tribunal awarded that RRB employees be …
P.S. Dhillon, a Judicial Member of the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal, was compulsorily retired under FR 56(j) after attaining the age of 55, despite having less than ten years of qualifying service. He challenged the order before the Central Administrative Tribunal, which quashed it on the grounds …
The Chairman of the Diocesan Executive Committee of the CSI EVA Technical Institute suspended the Principal and constituted a Commission of Enquiry to conduct a preliminary fact‑finding inquiry into serious administrative and financial irregularities. The Principal challenged the suspension and the …
N. Patnaik, a senior engineer in the Orissa Irrigation Department, was compulsorily retired in 1986 under Rule 71(a) of the Orissa Service Code on the recommendation of a Review Committee that cited adverse entries in his confidential reports and several pending investigations. Patnaik challenged …
The employee of Himachal Pradesh Horticultural Produce Marketing & Processing Corporation Ltd. (HPMC) applied for long leave and subsequently requested voluntary retirement effective 30 November 1990, seeking a waiver of the three‑month notice period. He failed to report for duty from 1 December …
The Supreme Court examined two appeals concerning the recruitment of Inspectors of Central Excise and Income‑Tax. The advertisement required a university degree by 1 August 1992, but allowed ex‑servicemen who were not graduates to be deemed graduates upon completing 15 years of service in the Armed …
The appellant, a lecturer appointed on probation, was terminated after a performance report and a management resolution, with prior approval from the District Inspector under the U.P. Intermediate Education Act, 1921. The Deputy Director held the termination invalid because Regulation 25, framed …
The respondent, a constable in the Border Security Force, was repeatedly absent without leave from December 1983 and, after several notices, was deemed a deserter. A show‑cause notice dated 20 April 1984 warned that his further retention was undesirable and proposed dismissal under Section 11(2) of …
The appellant, an employee of Allahabad Bank, was disciplined and his pay scale was reduced. The Executive Director, who was temporarily holding charge of the Chairman and Managing Director posts, reviewed the penalty under Regulation 18 and enhanced it, reducing the appellant further. The appellant …
Corporal AK Bakshi and Corporal Sobhanan, each having accrued six punishment entries for misconduct, were discharged from the Indian Air Force under the Policy for Discharge of Habitual Offenders, which directs that such cases be dealt with under Rule 15(2)(g)(ii) of the Air Force Rules, 1969. They …
The Trust sought to establish a medical college in Salem and required affiliation from Dr. M.G.R. Medical University. The University and the State Government conditioned affiliation on prior State permission, which the Trust could not obtain. The Central Government, under Section 10‑A of the Indian …
The Dadar Avanti Cooperative Housing Society challenged the permission granted by the Municipal Commissioner allowing two flats in its building to be used as a surgical nursing home, a change from the residential use sanctioned in the original plan. The society argued that the building was approved …
The respondents, who had been employed as mazdoors between 1961 and 1969, sought to have their dates of birth corrected in service records after receiving retirement notices in 1995, relying on Panchayat certificates and requesting a medical board assessment. The single judge of the Andhra Pradesh …
V.G. Desai, a former telephone operator, sought retirement on medical grounds and the release of his General Provident Fund (GPF). The Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) ordered payment of GPF, leave salary and interest from 20 April 1972 but denied pension, later directing that he be treated as …
Three medical officers were appointed on an ad‑hoc basis by Hindustan Shipyard Ltd. and later sought regularisation and parity pay. The Andhra Pradesh High Court directed that they be regularised with effect from 1 April 1986 and that they receive regular pay scales. On appeal, the Supreme Court …
A Sub‑Inspector of Police was charged with accepting a bribe and failing to register a criminal case. A Deputy Superintendent of Police framed the charge‑memo, conducted the inquiry and sent a report to the Deputy Inspector General, who imposed compulsory retirement. The Sub‑Inspector appealed to …
The Supreme Court examined whether the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) could, under Section 45K(3) of the Reserve Bank of India Act, issue Paragraph 4A of the 1987 Directions prohibiting residuary non‑banking companies from levying processing or maintenance charges on depositors. Peerless General …
Vasavadatta Cements, a cement manufacturer, challenged the constitutional validity of Section 5(3‑D) of the Karnataka Sales Tax Act, 1957, which made packing material (gunny/plastic bags) taxable. The Karnataka High Court dismissed the challenge, relying on Ranganatha Associates and the Supreme …
The Supreme Court examined the handcuffing of under‑trial prisoners, members of the Khedut Mazdoor Chetna Sangath, while being transferred between jail and court, which was done without written authorisation from a magistrate as required by Madhya Pradesh Police Regulation 465. Earlier Supreme Court …
The Church of South India Trust Association (CSITA) claimed that the Telugu Church Council (TCC) had merged into the Church of South India in 1947 and therefore the properties transferred to CSITA were held in trust. TCC contested the merger and sought declaration of its continued existence. Earlier …
The Supreme Court entertained a public‑interest writ under Article 32 filed by Common Cause seeking remedial measures for the serious deficiencies in India’s blood‑banking system. A 1990 consultancy report highlighted widespread unlicensed banks, reliance on professional donors, inadequate testing, …
The dispute arose over the lease of the Opera House, a cinema building in Bangalore, which included fittings, furniture and some machinery but excluded projectors, amplifiers, screen and speakers. After a series of lease deeds spanning from 1944 to the 1970s, the respondents sought eviction of the …
The case concerned officers of the Rajasthan Police Service who were promoted from the Senior Scale to the Selection Scale. The respondent, Fateh Chand Soni, challenged the seniority list prepared on the basis of the date of appointment to the Selection Scale, arguing that such appointment did not …
Santosh Kumar Singh was appointed as a lecturer in Agronomy at Durgaji Post Graduate College while still a student, first on 1 January 1984 and later on 1 October 1985, despite not possessing the minimum qualifications prescribed by the University Statute. The appellant claimed that the ad‑hoc …
The Supreme Court considered three appeals challenging decisions of the Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) on whether an employee transferred on compassionate grounds, and placed at the bottom of the seniority list in the new unit, could have his service in the former unit counted as experience …
The case concerned a claim for gratuity under the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 by an employee who resigned on 22 March 1983, before the management of his employer, Finlay Mills Ltd., was taken over by the National Textile Corporation (NTC) under the Textile Undertakings (Take Over of Management) …
The tenant, Kuldeep Singh, was sued for eviction by his landlords for allegedly defaulting on six months' rent. He claimed to have paid the rent in cash for May‑September 1982, but the landlords refused to give a receipt and returned the money, after which he deposited the rent for May‑October 1982 …
The Supreme Court examined whether medical services rendered by doctors, hospitals and nursing homes fall within the definition of "service" under Section 2(1)(o) of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986, and thus attract consumer‑redress. It held that services provided for consideration – even if …
The landlady, Smt. Swaran Lata, sought eviction of her tenant Dev Kumar under the East Punjab Urban Rent Restriction Act, 1949 alleging sub‑letting of the premises to three respondents. The Rent Controller, relying on a local commissioner’s report, concluded sub‑letting and ordered eviction. The …
The State of Uttar Pradesh entered into a construction contract with Ram Nath International for dam works, but design changes caused a substantial increase in the quantity of work. The contractor claimed a higher rate for the extra work, which the arbitrator accepted and awarded, also directing that …
The dispute concerned a marble mining lease in Rajasthan where an earlier lease granted to Babula Modi was deemed revoked for failure to execute the formal lease deed within three months. Respondent No.5 applied for the same area on 20 October 1982 and again on 19 January 1983, both of which were …
The case concerned the validity of an amendment to Rule 6 of the Tamil Nadu Revenue Subordinate Service Special Rules introduced by G.O. Ms. No. 660 (19 April 1988) which gave retrospective effect to the amendment made in 1977. The respondents, non‑reserved category assistants, challenged the …
Rohtas Industries, a large multi‑product manufacturer in Bihar, was ordered to be wound up in 1984, leaving about 10,000 workmen unemployed. The workmen filed a writ petition under Article 32 seeking revival of the undertaking, prompting the Supreme Court to direct the Union and State governments to …
O.S. Singh, a State Police Service officer, was initially omitted from the select list for promotion to the Indian Police Service (IPS) due to adverse remarks. After expunging those remarks, his name was placed on the list in 1977 and he was retrospectively appointed to the IPS effective …
The Supreme Court examined the application of reservation in promotions for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes within the Indian Railway Guard and other railway cadres, focusing on whether accelerated promotion under a roster also confers accelerated seniority. General‑category candidates …
The Central Government, invoking Section 34(1) of the Air Corporations Act, 1953, directed Air India to reserve posts for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. B.R. Age and others challenged the validity of these directions, arguing that the power under Section 34(1) was limited to functions …
The Supreme Court heard an appeal by the Union of India against a judgment of the Allahabad High Court that had awarded death‑cum‑retirement gratuity (DCRG) and ad‑hoc relief to High Court judges who retired before 1 October 1974. The High Court had extended the benefit to all such judges, including …
The appellant, Satyendra Nath Bajpai, served as a Registration Clerk on daily wages from 14 February 1985 to 31 March 1990 and was not regularised despite being placed at the top of the approved list, while clerks listed below him were regularised. He filed a writ petition (W.P. No. 849/95) in the …
The appellant, A.T. Kumar Nigam, was initially appointed as a Registration Clerk on a daily‑wage basis and later selected by a district selection committee for a regular post under the Subordinate Offices Ministerial Staff (District Recruitment) Rules. He joined the regular post on 25 February 1991 …
The appellants, Sanjay Gupta and others, were appointed as Registration Clerks in the Sub‑Registrar's office at Jhansi after being selected by a committee under the Subordinate Offices Ministerial Staff (District Recruitment) Rules, 1985. The Inspector General later issued an order directing …
The appellant, R.S. Pandey, was initially appointed as a Registration Clerk on daily wages and later appointed ad‑hoc as a Peon. After a recommendation for regularisation, his appointment as Peon was discontinued in February 1991. He filed a writ petition challenging the termination, which the …
The petitioners were appointed as Registration Clerks on a daily‑wage basis for short periods under a Governor’s sanction that limited such appointments to three months per financial year. They claimed that their appointments were regular under the Uttar Pradesh Registration Manual and sought …
All the respondents were appointed as junior teachers between 1961 and 1973 by a Selection Committee that was not constituted by the State Government, leading the Orissa Administrative Tribunal to quash their gradation list. The State Legislature subsequently enacted the Orissa Medical Education …
The appellant, a Head Sorting Assistant in the Railway Mail Service, applied for the Departmental Competitive Examination for the 6% quota of Postal Superintendent/Postmasters Group B posts reserved for General Line Officials. Although his name appeared in the list of selected candidates, he was …
The appellants, who were Homeopathic Medical Officers, were appointed as junior teachers in a government homeopathy college under the Orissa Homeopathy Medical Teaching Service Rules, 1980. Their appointments were challenged on the grounds that the Selection Board had not consulted the Public …
The petitioner, P.M. Hari Kumar, was arrested in March 1990 for allegedly smuggling silver and was granted bail with conditions. The Kerala government issued a preventive detention order under Section 3(1) of the Conservation of Foreign Exchange and Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, 1974 …
The Supreme Court considered two civil appeals arising from partition suits that were pending when a village was notified for consolidation under the Uttar Pradesh Consolidation of Holdings Act, 1967. The appellants argued that the notification and the resulting abatement under Section 5(2) of the …
The Madras Port Trust invited tenders in 1957; the contractor submitted a tender with deviations, notably that the Trust would import and supply plant and machinery. The Trust refused to incorporate the contractor’s modifications, and the contract was signed without them. Delays in importing the …
