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258 judgments · newest first · showing 1–200
The Supreme Court entertained a writ petition under Article 32 concerning massive quantities of illicitly felled timber in the North‑Eastern states. The Court examined the High Power Committee's report and the Ministry of Environment and Forests' perception on the need for urgent disposal, …
In this public interest litigation, the Supreme Court was asked to clarify the status of an ad‑hoc committee headed by Justice R.K. Shukla that had been constituted under a previous order of the Court. The Court had subsequently created a permanent Environment Pollution (Prevention and Control) …
The Supreme Court entertained a public interest writ petition under Article 32 concerning large‑scale electricity theft, loss of coal wagons and related malpractices by the Uttar Pradesh State Electricity Board (UPSEB). After hearing counsel for the petitioners, the State, UPSEB and an amicus …
The Collector of Central Excise, Bombay, appealed against K.W.H. Heloplastics Ltd. for non‑payment of excise duty on plastic tanks and vats. The department classified the goods under Heading 39.25, Sub‑heading 3925.10 as "builders' ware" liable to duty, while the assessee claimed exemption under …
The Supreme Court considered a petition filed under Article 32 seeking clarification on the constitution of an Environment Pollution (Prevention and Control) Authority for the National Capital Region (NCR) under Section 3 of the Environment Protection Act, 1986. The Court examined whether the …
In a writ petition under Article 32, Almitra H. Patel and another sought directions for improvement of urban solid waste management in Class‑I cities, alleging violations of the right to a healthy environment. The Supreme Court examined the need for a coordinated approach involving municipal …
The appellants, a group of landlords, challenged Sections 5(10)(B), 11(1) and 12(3) of the Bombay Rents, Hotel and Lodging House Rates Control Act, 1947, which fixed "standard rent" at the level prevailing on 1 September 1940 or at the first letting, thereby preventing rent increases. They argued …
The Supreme Court examined public‑interest writ petitions filed after the CBI seized diaries implicating senior politicians and bureaucrats. The petitions alleged that the CBI and revenue authorities had failed to investigate the allegations and that a government "Single Directive" requiring prior …
Premier Breweries, a dealer in Indian Made Foreign Liquor, sold liquor in bottles packed in cardboard cartons and was assessed sales tax at 8% on the cartons under Entry 97 of the Kerala General Sales Tax Act, 1963. The Deputy Commissioner, invoking sections 5(5) and 5(6) of the Act, revised the …
In M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (Writ Petition (C) No.13029 of 1985), the Supreme Court issued comprehensive directions under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 and the Motor Vehicles Rules, 1993 to improve road safety and curb environmental pollution. The Court ordered verification of all commercial …
B.S. Bajwa and B.D. Gupta, former short‑service commissioned officers who joined the Punjab Water Works Department in 1971‑72, were placed junior to several colleagues in the department’s gradation list. After more than a decade they filed a writ petition in 1984 seeking to have their date of …
The Delhi Outdoor Advertisers Association filed an application seeking clarification and modification of the Supreme Court's November 20, 1997 order directing the removal of roadside hoardings that disturb safe traffic movement. The Association argued that the order allowed authorities to act …
A bus was insured by Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd. on 30 November 1989. The premium was paid by cheque which later bounced, and the insurer sent a notice that it was not at risk. The premium was finally paid in cash on 2 May 1990, but the bus met with an accident on 19 April 1990, killing the truck …
Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd entered into a contract with ONGC Ltd for the installation of an oil platform, containing a clause that disputes would be governed by Indian law and arbitrated in London under ICC rules. A dispute led to arbitration, and the appointed umpire issued an award. ONGC filed …
A motor vehicle accident occurred on 10 December 1991 at 2:20 p.m. The owner obtained an insurance policy later that same day at 2:55 p.m., the cover note expressly stating that the policy would become effective at 2:55 p.m. The insurer paid the claimants in full, but the High Court held that the …
The case concerned admission to the MBBS programme at Rohtak Medical College, where 60 seats were divided into 49 open‑category and 11 backward‑class reserved seats. Sunil Yadav (S) ranked first in the backward‑class list but 62nd in the open list; he failed to obtain an open‑category seat in the …
The Supreme Court examined challenges to the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 (AFSPA) and the Assam Disturbed Areas Act, 1955, along with notifications declaring disturbed areas in several northeastern states. Petitioners argued that Parliament lacked competence to enact AFSPA, that the Act …
The appellant, K.F. Ganchi, a member of the Backward Classes, was elected as a councillor from a general (unreserved) ward of Jambusar Municipality. The roster for 1997 required that the President of the municipality be a Backward Class member. Respondent No.1, Chandubhai Rajput, contended that only …
The Supreme Court entertained a writ petition filed by environmental lawyer M.C. Mehta under Article 32 seeking directions to curb the growing menace of unregulated traffic in the National Capital Region (NCR) and National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi. Relying on the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 and …
The Department of Telecom (DoT) of the Union of India appealed a High Court order that held the DoT to be an "industry" under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. The Supreme Court examined whether the DoT, engaged in commercial telecommunications services and not performing sovereign functions, falls …
The Communist Party of India (Marxist) organized a bandh in Kerala, prompting a petition that the bandh violated citizens' fundamental rights under Articles 19 and 21 of the Constitution. The respondents contended that the bandh interfered with the freedom of speech, assembly and personal liberty of …
Bijoy Kumar Mishra was appointed as a probationary officer of the State Bank of India in October 1980. He remained unauthorisedly absent from duty from April 1981 and, after a brief appearance in August 1983, was absent until 1988. The bank’s service rules fixed a maximum probation period of three …
The State of Bihar enacted the Bihar Forest Restoration and Improvement of Degraded Forest Land Taxation Act, 1992 to levy a tax on the excavation and use of forest land for non‑forest purposes. Respondents, including Indian Aluminium Company, held mining leases under the Mines and Minerals …
The Supreme Court examined the constitutional validity of Sections 28‑B(5) and 28‑C(9) of the Shri Jagannath Temple Act, 1954, which barred temple attendants (Sevaks) from receiving any share of offerings placed in newly installed hundis and from claiming a share of the foundation fund. The Sevaks …
The respondents, employees of the Department of Posts and Telegraph, claimed that on promotion they received lower pay than juniors who were later promoted, alleging an anomaly that should be remedied by stepping up their pay under Government Order No. F2(78) E.III(A)/66. The Central Administrative …
L.M.L. Ltd., a scooter manufacturer, purchased duty‑paid cold‑rolled steel sheets under tariff heading 7212.50 and claimed MODVAT credit. After cutting the sheets, the remaining off‑cuts were used to make small ancillary parts. The Collector of Central Excise held that the off‑cuts should be …
The respondents, registered dealers under the Sales Tax Acts, manufactured and sold goods both locally and outside the local area. Under the Madhya Pradesh Entry Tax Act, 1976, they were required to declare that goods sold were local and that no entry tax had been paid; failure to do so invoked …
The Supreme Court entertained a class-action writ petition filed by Vishaka and NGOs seeking enforcement of the fundamental rights of working women under Articles 14, 19(1)(g) and 21 of the Constitution, prompted by a gang‑rape incident in Rajasthan. The Court held that sexual harassment of women in …
The case concerned railway employees who retired between 1 January 1973 and 4 December 1988 and whose pension was to be calculated under Rule 2544 of the Indian Railway Establishment Code, which then allowed a running allowance of up to 75% of other emoluments. The Railway Board later issued …
The appellants, former guards of the Northern Railway who retired between 1980 and 1988, challenged a 1988 notification that retrospectively reduced the percentage of running allowance used to calculate pension from 75% to 45% (1973‑1979) and to 55% thereafter. The Full Bench of the Central …
The respondents, promoted from the running cadre (Driver Grade‑C) to the stationary post of Loco Supervisor before 1 January 1986, claimed that their pay should be stepped up to match that of a senior colleague, Sh. P.N. Kareer, who was promoted after the revised pay scales came into force and …
Anukul Chandrapradhan filed a writ petition under Article 32 challenging Section 62(5) of the Representation of the People Act, 1951, which bars prisoners and persons in police custody from voting, except those under preventive detention. He contended that the provision violated Articles 14 and 21 …
Nirma Industries Ltd., a manufacturer of washing powders, launched a prize‑lottery scheme by placing coupons in its detergent packs. A consumer complaint alleged that Nirma had raised the price of its detergent shortly before the scheme to recover the value of the prizes, constituting an unfair …
The respondent, a former employee of the Allahabad High Court, received four premature salary increments by orders of the Chief Justice but the State of Uttar Pradesh excluded those increments when calculating his pension. The respondent challenged this in a writ petition, which a Full Bench of the …
The respondent, an IPS officer recruited in 1968, had his date of birth recorded as 17 June 1939 in his service book, based on his school certificate and application. In 1982 he sought to change it to 15 June 1941, citing his horoscope and a sub‑registrar's record, but both the state and central …
Prem Nath Sharma, who held a mining lease for a granite unit under the Uttar Pradesh Minor Minerals (Concession) Rules, 1963, saw his lease expire on 31 March 1995. The District Magistrate (DM) issued a notice on 31 March 1995 under Rule 72(ii) inviting applications for a fresh lease, specifying 2 …
Allahabad Bank suspended clerk Deepak Kumar Bhola under clause 19.3(a) of the First Bipartite Settlement after a CBI investigation and charge‑sheet alleging forgery, cheating and other offences involving moral turpitude. Bhola challenged the suspension before the Allahabad High Court, which quashed …
The Supreme Court, hearing a writ petition under Article 32 challenging the implementation of the Forest Conservation Act, 1980, modified its earlier interim order of 12 December 1996. It directed the constitution of a High Power Committee to prepare an inventory of all timber and timber products in …
The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) was directed by the Delhi High Court on 18‑12‑1996, in an anticipatory bail application, to give the applicant three days’ notice before any arrest. The CBI issued such a notice on 18‑01‑1997, after which the High Court restrained the CBI from acting on the …
The State of Madhya Pradesh appealed against a High Court order that had set aside a confiscation order against the owner of a truck that was found carrying 120 teak logs illegally. The truck was stopped by forest officials; the occupants opened fire and fled, and the vehicle was seized under …
The Supreme Court examined whether Rules 16 and 30 of the Punjab and Haryana High Court Establishment (Appointment and Conditions of Service) Rules, 1973—rules that dealt with recruitment quota and seniority—came into force on 1 March 1974 or on 23 January 1975. The Court held that the proviso to …
The respondent, a senior stenographer in Indian Oil Corporation Ltd., was identified by a vigilance enquiry as the organiser of a scheme in which employees submitted forged medical certificates and bills to obtain reimbursements, causing monetary loss to the corporation. He was charge‑sheeted, …
The petitioners challenged the constitutional validity of the amendment made on 19 May 1989 to Rule 26(3) of the Delhi Administration Subordinate Service Rules, 1967, which provided for the integration of seniority of officers from the Executive and Ministerial branches by a 'rota' system. The …
Sheo Narayan Singh, a constable in the Bihar Military Police, was dismissed for forging his military service records. He appealed the dismissal, which was set aside by the Deputy Inspector General but later restored by the Director General using power under Rule 853‑A of the Bihar Police Manual. The …
The Supreme Court reviewed orders of the Patna High Court that were monitoring the Central Bureau of Investigation's (CBI) probe into the Bihar scam. The Court clarified that the High Court's role is limited to ensuring that the CBI performs its statutory duty and must not pass on the merits of the …
Govindrao, an agent of the State Bank of Indore, was charged with causing loss to the bank by allowing large loans to be granted in violation of banking rules, which later became irrecoverable. The disciplinary authority dismissed him from service, and his subsequent appeals—including a special …
The State of Rajasthan and others appealed a Rajasthan High Court judgment that had applied a revised university pension scheme retrospectively from 1 January 1986 to teachers who retired between 1 January 1986 and 1 January 1990. The university had introduced the pension scheme only after the State …
The Supreme Court examined the scope of the Forest Conservation Act, 1980 and clarified that the term "forest" includes all statutorily recognised forests irrespective of ownership. It held that any activity such as operating saw‑mills, veneer or plywood mills, or mining within forest areas is a …
Anuj Kumar Dey enlisted in the Indian Navy as an Artificer Apprentice on 12 August 1971, took the oath of allegiance, and underwent four years of training before being promoted to Electrical Artificer in August 1975. After his release on 31 January 1988, the Navy denied him pension benefits on the …
Phoolan Devi surrendered in Madhya Pradesh in 1983 and was released on parole after serving eleven years of custody. She filed a writ petition under Article 32 seeking her release and the quashing of about 55 criminal prosecutions pending in Uttar Pradesh, alleging violation of her Article 21 right …
The Asansol Electricity Supply Co. Ltd., a licensee under the Indian Electricity Act, 1910, had its licence revoked and was compelled to sell its undertaking to the West Bengal State Electricity Board (the Board). The Board paid a purchase price and continued the employees, but offered them fresh, …
Prima Realty, a partnership firm, entered into a compulsory purchase agreement with the Union of India for a property in Chembur. The Central Government was required to tender the consideration within one month of the purchase order, but the cheque issued to Prima Realty was incorrectly made out to …
M.M.T.C. Ltd. appealed against a High Court order directing it to appoint an arbitrator under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996. The dispute arose after the 1996 Act came into force, so the Court examined whether the arbitration clause in a 1993 agreement, which provided for each party to …
The Supreme Court examined an order of removal of a workman by the employer, which had been challenged before the Central Industrial Tribunal. The workman died while the tribunal proceedings were pending, and the tribunal had directed payment of wages from the date of dismissal to the date of death. …
The appellant, a technician employed by Madras Fertilizers Ltd., was dismissed on 18 November 1981 after a domestic inquiry that was later held defective by the Labour Court. The Labour Court, however, allowed the employer to prove misconduct and, on its own appraisal of the evidence, upheld the …
The petitioners, Chandraswami and another, were accused of cheating under Sections 120B and 420 of the IPC for allegedly obtaining US$1 lakh from a complainant in 1983. They were arrested in 1988, released on bail with conditions, and later permitted to travel abroad. After a Supreme Court‑ordered …
The Supreme Court heard appeals against a Patna High Court order that, in an application for extension of time, directed all CBI investigation reports in the Bihar "Fodder Scam" to be submitted directly to the High Court and barred the Director of the CBI from intervening in the investigation. The …
The case concerned five public‑sector undertakings whose workmen had gone on an illegal but justified strike demanding wage parity with BHEL, followed by a lock‑out declared by management. The National Industrial Tribunal awarded the workers 35% of their wages for the strike and lock‑out periods, …
The Management of Heavy Engineering Corporation appointed a doctor on an ad‑hoc six‑month contract to run a first‑aid post in shifts, supervising a male nurse, attendant, sweeper and ambulance driver. Upon completion of the contract the corporation terminated his services without giving the …
New Sharrock Mills terminated Badli workman Maheshbhai T. Rao after a departmental inquiry found him guilty of serious misconduct for abusing a senior officer. Rao challenged the discharge before the Labour Court under Section 78 of the Bombay Industrial Relations Act, 1946, seeking reinstatement …
The appellant, a rice exporter, was required to contribute to a State Welfare Fund in order to obtain export permits. It claimed the contribution as a business expense deductible under Section 37(1) of the Income‑Tax Act, 1961. The Income‑Tax Officer and the Appellate Assistant Commissioner …
The State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur dismissed its employee S.N. Gupta on charges of accepting bribes, based on a departmental inquiry that incorporated witness statements recorded under Section 161 of the Criminal Procedure Code. The CBI investigation later found no reliable evidence, but the …
The petition under Article 32 sought Supreme Court directions to ensure that investigations by the CBI and other agencies into alleged crimes by public functionaries were completed and charge‑sheets filed. The Court noted that charge‑sheets had already been filed in three cases (St. Kitts forgery, …
United Bank of India filed a suit to recover a loan advanced to the respondents. The trial court dismissed the suit on the ground that the plaint was not signed and verified by a competent person. On appeal, the Supreme Court examined whether a company may authorize an officer or ratify the signing …
The All India State Bank Officers Federation filed writ petitions under Article 32 challenging the State Bank of India's 7 March 1989 promotion policy for moving officers from Senior Management Grade Scale V to Top Executive Grade Scale VI. The petitioners argued that the policy was arbitrary for …
The respondents, former employees of the privately owned ASL Railways which voluntarily liquidated in 1978, were appointed as "fresh entrants" in Indian Railways under a Ministry of Railways letter dated 17 March 1978. They sought to have their service with ASL Railways counted towards the ten‑year …
Allahabad Bank appointed Shri Prem Singh as a temporary cashier for one day at a time through successive letters, each stating that his service would automatically terminate at the end of the day. After four days of such employment (14-17 June 1977), the bank did not offer further work. The …
The appellant, a workers' union, challenged the constitutional validity of Sections 9(2), 10(2), 12(1) and 26 of the Central India Spinning, Weaving and Manufacturing Company Limited, the Empress Mills, Nagpur (Acquisition and Transfer of Undertaking) Act, 1986, alleging violations of Articles 14, …
The plaintiffs, Whirlpool Corporation and its Indian joint‑venture TVS Whirlpool Ltd., claimed prior use and trans‑border reputation of the word mark "Whirlpool" and alleged that the defendants, trustees of Chinar Trust and related entities, had obtained a registration for the same mark in 1992 on …
The appeal filed by I.T.C. Limited challenged the Customs, Excise and Gold (Control) Appellate Tribunal's decision to uphold a notification issued by the Central Excise authorities. The appellant contended that the notification was not operable because it was not published in the Official Gazette, …
The appellant, a decree‑holder, obtained a money decree against the respondent and sought execution by auctioning the respondent's agricultural land. Although the appellant was permitted to bid and his bid was accepted, he failed to deposit the full purchase price within the statutory 15‑day period, …
The case concerned the revision of pay scales and fringe benefits for officers and workmen of Fertilizer Corporation of India Ltd. (FCI). Workmen who were promoted to the lowest officer scale before 1 January 1987 were already officers, whereas those promoted after that date were still workmen at …
The case concerned three parcels of a former large rubber estate that had been sold and were managed separately. The appellants challenged the applicability of the Plantations Labour Act, 1951 (as amended by the Plantations Labour (Amendment) Act, 1960) to their estates, arguing that the proviso to …
Pfizer Ltd., a pharmaceutical manufacturer, terminated two security staff members (respondents) after they were arrested for alleged theft, invoking its standing order for loss of confidence. The respondents filed complaints under Section 28 of the Maharashtra Recognition of Trade Union and …
The Supreme Court examined a dispute where M.P.J. Builders had been granted a building sanction under the Cantonments Act, 1924, but failed to commence construction within the stipulated period and later sought extensions of time after the sanction had lapsed and after new building bye‑law …
The Supreme Court considered a civil appeal by the Central Bank of India against a High Court order that granted re‑employment relief to a group of workmen who had been retrenched between 1974 and 1976. The workmen filed a writ petition in 1982 invoking Section 25‑H of the Industrial Disputes Act, …
The testator's 1948 will granted his two wives equal life interests in the estate, stipulating that the survivor would enjoy the whole property and that after both wives' deaths the daughter would have a life interest followed by her children in fee simple. After the second wife died in 1967, the …
The appellant, a District Munsif who had been temporarily promoted to Subordinate Judge, was removed from service by the Andhra Pradesh High Court after a departmental inquiry found him guilty of misconduct. He appealed to the Governor under Rule 21(2) of the Andhra Pradesh Civil Services …
The Patna Regional Development Authority (PRDA) invited tenders for a high‑rise building and received three bids, the lowest being from Rashtriya Pariyojana Nirman Nigam (RPNN), which had been black‑listed for five years by the State Water Resources Department. The PRDA’s Tender Committee rejected …
The State of Bihar appointed retired Patna High Court Judge Suresh Chandra Mukherjee as Presiding Officer of an Industrial Tribunal, but failed to honor the re‑employment conditions stipulated in the notification. Mukherjee filed a writ petition in the Patna High Court seeking enforcement of those …
The petition challenged the constitutional validity of Chapter VIII‑A of the Maharashtra Housing and Area Development Act, 1976, which allows acquisition of properties on payment of one hundred times the monthly rent, and argued that Article 31C of the Constitution shields the Act from attack under …
Oswal Agro Furane Ltd., a 100% export‑oriented unit licensed to manufacture furfural and edible rice bran oil, sought to export non‑basmati rice and to sell the rice bran oil in the domestic market, invoking Clause 15(j) of the Export (Control) Order, 1988 as a blanket exemption. The Delhi High …
MIS Dewan Enterprises, a manufacturer of cycle rims, was assessed by the Uttar Pradesh Sales Tax Officer at an 8% rate, treating the rims as cycle parts. The company argued that under Section 14(iv)(xiv) of the Central Sales Tax Act, cycle rims are "declared goods" and, per Section 15, should be …
Klockner & Co., a German firm, had a marketing agreement with Orissa Mining Corporation (OMC) for exclusive marketing of charge chrome, containing an arbitration clause referring disputes to the ICC in London under Swiss law. After OMC's charge‑chrome division was taken over by the State of Orissa …
The case arose from a violent incident on 10 May 1978 at a marriage venue in Simla, where a group of youths armed with hockey sticks, iron rods and other weapons attacked the gathering in retaliation for a prior altercation involving a parked jeep. The assault resulted in injuries to several persons …
The petitioner booked a flat in a building constructed on excess vacant land that had been exempted under Section 20(1)(b) of the Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Act, 1976. The promoter refused to transfer the flat and the land share, citing a Karnataka High Court order based on the Supreme …
L.M. Mahurkar, a sales tax practitioner with only a matriculation qualification, was denied enrollment as an advocate by the Bar Council of Maharashtra after the Advocates Act, 1961 came into force. He claimed that his prior right to appear before the Bombay Sales Tax Authority, exercised under the …
The appellant, Commissioner of Wealth Tax, challenged the High Court's order that allowed a deduction of a Rs 30 lakh decree amount as a debt owed by the assessee, Raja Vishwanath Pratap Singh, under the Wealth Tax Act. The decree arose from his father's debts under the U.P. Encumbered Estates Act; …
The Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams (TTD) recruited attenders for 297 vacancies in 1991, considering 2,944 candidates from the Employment Exchange and 193 inmates/ex‑inmates of the Shri Venkateshwara Balamandir. After written tests and interviews, 53 of the 193 inmates/ex‑inmates were selected; the …
Mohd. Aslam filed a writ petition under Article 32 seeking reconsideration of the Supreme Court's judgment in Manohar Joshi v. Nitin Bhaurao Patil, alleging it was incorrect. The Court held that Article 32 cannot be invoked to challenge the correctness of a decision on its merits or to obtain its …
Gian Kaur and her husband were convicted under Section 306 of the IPC for abetting the suicide of Kulwant Kaur. They appealed, arguing that Section 306 (and Section 309) were unconstitutional because Article 21 of the Constitution includes a "right to die", as held in P. Rathinam. The Supreme Court, …
H.B. Singh, who served in the Indian Army from 1959 to 1976 and later joined the Haryana State Government in 1978, challenged a 1976 amendment to the Punjab National Emergency (Concession) Rules, 1965 that narrowed the definition of "Military Service" to only those who enlisted during the 1962 …
Ashish Handa, an advocate, challenged the appointment of former High Court Judge M.R. Agnihotri as President of the Haryana State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission, alleging non‑compliance with the proviso to Section 16(1)(a) of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 which requires consultation with …
The appellants, manufacturers and dealers of Ayurvedic and Unani medicines, challenged the validity of the Tamil Nadu Spirituous Preparations (Control) Rules, 1984, which require licences for the sale of any medicinal preparation containing alcohol or intoxicating drugs. They argued that the rules …
The appellant, a lessee of a shop, was granted a mortgage by the lessor in his favour on 18 July 1974 for Rs.13,000. After the mortgage period expired, the lessor filed a suit for redemption of the mortgage and recovery of possession. The trial court granted a preliminary decree for redemption and …
The petitioners, employees of the Punjab Civil Secretariat, challenged the State's reservation policy, arguing that members of Scheduled Castes (SC) and Backward Classes (BC) who had been promoted under the roster system were being given undue advantage in subsequent promotions against …
Ahmedabad Manufacturing and Calico Printing Co. Ltd. set up two new industrial undertakings – a polyester fibre plant (1975‑76) and a Sulzer plant (1976‑77) – and claimed relief under Section 80K of the Income Tax Act, 1961, together with a certificate under Section 197(3) for dividend exemption in …
All India Tea and Trading Co. Ltd. received Rs. 1,24,638 as compensation when its agricultural land in Assam was requisitioned under the Assam Land (Requisition and Acquisition) Act, 1948 and allotted to refugees who continued to cultivate it. The company claimed the compensation was agricultural …
The appellants' land was acquired by the State of Rajasthan under Section 52 of the Rajasthan Urban Improvement Act, 1959, and vested in the State upon publication of a notification in 1984. After this vesting, the Central Land Acquisition Act, 1894 was extended to Rajasthan and the State amended …
The Delhi Government, after constituting a high‑power Review Committee as directed in Kartar Singh v. State of Punjab, sought the withdrawal of TADA charges in several cases. The Special Public Prosecutor filed applications before the Designated Court relying solely on the Committee’s …
The case concerned whether a civil court could entertain a suit to determine title under the Tamil Nadu Minor Inam (Abolition and Conversion into Ryotwari) Act, 1963. The trial court had decreed in favour of the respondents, but the first appellate court set aside the decree on the ground that the …
The Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) received a large income‑tax refund for the life‑insurance business in the assessment year 1963‑64, which it claimed should be treated as a profit and deducted under Rule 2(1)(b) of the Income‑Tax Act. The tax authorities argued that only the portion of …
The respondent, D.K. Jain, a member of the Indian Audit and Accounts Service, was appointed Director (Finance) of Fertilizer Corporation of India (FCI) for a term of five years under Article 69 of the corporation's Articles of Association. He later accepted a two‑year appointment as Director …
The assessee, Duncan Brothers & Co. Ltd., claimed that provisions it made for income‑tax liability (Rs 16,48,888 for AY 1963‑64 and Rs 17,52,920 for AY 1964‑65) could either be treated as part of its capital or be deducted from the cost of excluded investments under the Super Profits Tax Act, 1963 …
The State prosecuted S.J. Chaudhary for murder and offences under the Explosive Substances Act, seeking to introduce the testimony of a typewriter expert to identify the machine that produced a disputed document. The trial court and the Delhi High Court excluded the expert's opinion, relying on the …
The State of Tamil Nadu directed sugar factories to pay an amount in excess of the statutory minimum and additional cane price fixed under the Sugarcane (Control) Order, 1966, as an advance. Kothari Sugars and Chemicals Ltd. paid this excess amount and challenged the State's demand that purchase tax …
The appellant, Dharmvir, was elected to the Haryana Legislative Assembly from the Toshan constituency in June 1987. Petitioners alleged that during the counting of votes, Dharmvir's agents double‑marked, defaced and mutilated ballot papers cast for the rival candidate, Bansi Lal, and intimidated the …
City Mills Distributors Pvt. Ltd. was incorporated on 30 October 1972. Its promoters had earned Rs. 24,862 from business carried out between 1 and 20 October 1972, before the company existed, and the Income‑Tax Officer included this amount as pre‑incorporation profit in the company's assessment for …
The appellant, S. Baldev Singh Mann, filed an election petition challenging the 1992 Punjab Legislative Assembly election of S. Gurcharan Singh (respondent No.1) on grounds of booth capturing and overspending. He alleged that the respondent and his agents threatened the appellant's polling agent and …
The petitioners alleged that the CBI and other government agencies had failed to investigate thoroughly the hawala transactions uncovered during raids, which implicated politicians, bureaucrats and criminals. They sought the Supreme Court’s intervention under Article 32 to compel the agencies to …
The assessee, a partnership firm of three partners, lost one partner on 12 January 1974. The partnership deed did not contain a clause allowing the firm to continue after a partner's death, so under Section 42 of the Partnership Act the firm dissolved on that date. The surviving partners formed a …
Raghbir Singh was caught with opium during a police raid and was offered the choice of being searched by the police officer or before a Gazetted Officer; he chose the latter and the search yielded the contraband. He was convicted under Section 18 of the NDPS Act and sentenced to ten years' rigorous …
Manoharlal appealed against his conviction under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act, contending that Section 50 was not complied with because he was not given a choice to be searched in the presence of a gazetted officer or a magistrate. The petitioner argued that the statute …
The Regional Transport Authority (RTA) of Coimbatore, using a marking system, awarded 11 marks to the State Transport Undertaking (Cheran Transport Corporation Ltd.) and 6 marks to a private operator (N.T. Arasu) for the Coimbatore‑Kottur stage‑carriage route, rejecting the private operator's …
The Haryana State Industrial Development Corporation Ltd. (HSIDC) offered Inderjeet Sawhney a provisional allotment of one acre of industrial land in 1984, subject to fulfillment of pre‑requisites and a final allotment letter. Sawhney failed to meet those conditions, and the parties later agreed …
The Karnataka Government, after amending Rule 3A of the Karnataka Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 1969 to relax a prohibition on quarry leases for certain granites, issued an order on 18 June 1991 granting 203 quarry leases under Rule 3. The petitioners challenged these grants, arguing they violated …
Ram Avtar, a Mali‑cum‑Chowkidar employed by Haryana Warehousing Corporation, was stopped at the efficiency bar for the years 1988 and 1989 and faced adverse remarks in his 1986‑87 confidential report. He challenged the orders through writ petitions; the High Court dismissed the first petition but …
Delhi Cloth & General Mills Ltd. and another established a fertiliser unit in the villages of Raipura and Ummedganj, which were treated as part of Kota municipality and were levied octroi. The State of Rajasthan later issued a Kota Municipal Limits (Continued Existence) Validating Act, 1975 that …
Lt. Colonel P.S. Bhargava, an Army Dental Corps officer, completed the minimum qualifying service for a pension and applied for voluntary resignation, which was accepted with a notice that he would lose pension and other terminal benefits. He first challenged the acceptance of his resignation in a …
The appellants, liquor manufacturers, challenged Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh excise rules that required them to sell liquor only to a state‑owned distributor (MSIL) and imposed a steep increase in label‑approval fees. They argued that the rules violated their fundamental right to carry on trade …
The State of Punjab issued notices and a declaration under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 to acquire certain lands and an award was passed on 25 March 1985 determining compensation only for the land, leaving compensation for superstructures and trees to be decided later. The respondents challenged …
The 1987 Vile Parle Assembly election of Dr. Ramesh Yeshwant Prabhoo was challenged on the ground that his agent, Bal Thackeray, made speeches appealing to voters on the basis of Hindu religion and inciting communal feelings. The High Court held the speeches to be corrupt practices under Sections …
Manohar Joshi, the BJP‑Shiv Sena candidate, was elected from Dadar in 1990. Bhaurao Patil filed an election petition alleging corrupt practices under sections 123(3) and 123(3A) of the Representation of the People Act, relying on Joshi's speeches, those of party leaders and audio‑video cassettes. …
The Supreme Court examined an election petition that had declared the Lok Sabha election of Prof. Ramchandra G. Kapse void on the ground of alleged corrupt practices involving speeches by Sadhvi Reethambara and Pramod Mahajan. The Court held that a noticee under Section 99 of the Representation of …
The appellant Ramakant Mayekar challenged a High Court order that declared his election to the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly void on grounds of corrupt practices under the Representation of the People Act, 1951. The Supreme Court examined whether the election petition filed on 16 April 1990 was …
Moreshwar Save was elected from the Aurangabad parliamentary constituency, but his election was set aside by the Bombay High Court on the ground that corrupt practices under Sections 123(3) and 123(3A) of the Representation of the People Act, 1951, were committed through speeches by Manohar Joshi …
The appellant, ChandraKanta Goyal, a BJP candidate, was declared elected to the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly from Matunga in 1990. The respondent, S.S.J.S. Kohli of Janata Dal, filed an election petition alleging that the appellant committed corrupt practices under Sections 123(3) and 123(3A) of …
Suryakant V. Mahadik, a Shiv Sena candidate, was elected to the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly from the Nehru Nagar constituency. Saroj Sandesh Naik filed an election petition alleging that Mahadik, during a religious gathering at Sarveshwar Mandir, appealed to voters on the basis of "Hindutva" …
Khoday Distilleries Ltd. and others filed a writ petition under Article 32 of the Constitution seeking reconsideration of a Supreme Court judgment that had become final after the dismissal of appeals and review petitions. They contended that the civil appeals were decided on merits without a proper …
Janata Dal (Samajwadi) was recognised as a national party on 16 April 1991. After the Lok Sabha and several state assembly elections held between April and June 1991, the Election Commission found that the party no longer satisfied the criteria in paragraph 6(2) of the Election Symbols (Reservation …
The appellant, a retired IPS officer, was allotted a government residence while in service. An amendment to the Allotment of Government Residence (General Pool) Rules, 1963, effective 1 January 1976, required any officer who owned a house to surrender the government accommodation and imposed a …
The respondent, a Sub‑Inspector of the Central Industrial Security Force, tendered his resignation which was accepted by the Deputy Inspector‑General (DIG) on 17 October 1984. He later sought to withdraw the resignation and asked for re‑enlistment, but both requests were rejected by the DIG. The …
The appellants challenged two notifications issued under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 for acquiring 11 acres 36 gunthas of land in Bangalore, alleging that the acquisition was for a private limited company and not a public purpose, and that the urgency provisions of Section 17 could not be …
J.G. Rajput, an employee of Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation, challenged his suspension in the Gujarat High Court, where he was initially represented by advocate B.J. Shethna. After Shethna was elevated to the bench, Rajput faced a later charge‑sheet for theft and filed a contempt petition alleging …
Jinda Ram, a co‑sharer and tenant, filed a suit under Section 15(b) of the Punjab Pre‑emption Act, 1913 seeking to pre‑empt agricultural land that had been sold. The trial court recognized his co‑sharer status and granted partial relief, but the first appellate court dismissed the suit. The Punjab & …
K.M. Rao, a Telugu Desam Party candidate, was elected to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in 1989. An election petition alleged that he committed a corrupt practice under Section 123(3) of the Representation of the People Act by using posters that depicted party leader N.T. Rama Rao as the …
Sixteen villages that were originally part of Murshidabad district and fell within the Jangipur Parliamentary Constituency under the Delimitation Order, 1976, were later administratively transferred to the district of Maida due to a change in the course of the River Ganges. The residents filed a …
The appellant, Rishyashringa Jewellery Ltd., issued a prospectus stating that it had applied for listing its shares on the Coimbatore, Bombay and Madras Stock Exchanges. While Coimbatore granted permission within the ten‑week period prescribed under Section 73(1A) of the Companies Act, 1956, the …
The State of Assam filed appeals against a Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) order that quashed two government orders of displeasure against Additional Chief Secretary P.C. Mishra and, in the same order, made adverse remarks against the then Chief Secretary H.N. Das. The controversy arose from …
The respondents, originally recruited as Assistant Compilers/LDCs, were promoted to temporary computer posts created for the 1991 Census, with a fixed sanction period ending 31 December 1993. After the sanctioned period, a letter from the Registrar General dated 30 November 1993 confirmed the …
The respondent, an employee of West Bengal State Cooperative Bank, was served with a charge‑sheet, a departmental inquiry was held, and a second show‑cause notice along with the inquiry report was issued. He failed to submit an explanation and was dismissed. He challenged the dismissal in successive …
Three advocates appointed as Additional District Government Counsel (Criminal) in Uttar Pradesh had their term renewed repeatedly until the State Government denied further renewal on 1 October 1992. The Allahabad High Court quashed the denial as an arbitrary action, holding that the reason …
B.N. Agarwala obtained an arbitration award of Rs 95,003 on 26 March 1983, the same day the Arbitration (Orissa Amendment) Act, 1982 came into force. The State of Orissa challenged the award, arguing that Section 41‑A(7) of the amendment automatically transferred any pending arbitration in which no …
The Chairman of the Orissa Administrative Tribunal, A.K. Ray, appealed to the Supreme Court to have critical remarks made by a Division Bench of the Tribunal expunged. The Tribunal had quashed the transfer of D.N. Mishra, an Additional Secretary who also served as Additional Registrar of the Cuttack …
The appellants were appointed as Junior Basic Teachers (J.B.T.) in Haryana government schools without B.T./B.Ed. qualifications and later obtained those degrees. They sought higher grade (Masters) pay automatically, relying on a 1957 Punjab Government instruction that linked pay to qualification. …
Larsen & Toubro Ltd. (appellant) entered into a contract with Maharashtra State Electricity Board (respondent) for a coal handling plant, furnishing five bank guarantees for advance, performance, retention money and liquidated damages. After the plant was taken over, the respondent invoked all …
The petitioners, former servicemen re‑employed in the Union Territory of Chandigarh after 1 Nov 1966, claimed that the Punjab Government National Emergency (Concession) Rules, 1965 should apply to them for increments, seniority, promotion and pension. The Union Territory argued that the 1965 Rules …
The father of the respondent, a senior clerk in the Railways, died on 12 September 1972 leaving a wife, two adult sons and the respondent who was then a minor. The respondent applied for a compassionate appointment after attaining majority, but his applications in 1987, 1990 and 1991 were rejected …
The appellant, M.R. Gupta, a railway employee, claimed that his initial pay fixation in 1978 was incorrect because an increment due on 1 August 1978 under Rule 2018 (Fundamental Rule 22‑C) had not been incorporated. After his representation was rejected before the Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985, …
The appellants, dealers and manufacturers of electronic goods in Bihar, relied on two notifications issued under Section 7(3) of the Bihar Finance Act, 1981 which exempted sales tax and purchase tax on electronic raw materials and finished electronic goods. For the assessment year 1989‑90 they …
Patel Brothers & Co. Ltd. claimed kitchen expenses for providing ordinary meals to its employees and out‑station customers for the assessment years 1969‑70, 1970‑71 and 1971‑72. The Income‑Tax Officer disallowed the portion relating to customers, classifying it as "entertainment expenditure" under …
The appellant, National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd., entered into a contract with Flowmore Private Ltd. for the supply of pumps and related equipment, under which Flowmore furnished five bank guarantees payable on demand. Disputes arose and the parties referred the matter to arbitration; during …
The Narcotics Control Bureau seized a consignment of hashish and arrested three persons under the NDPS Act. The complaint was not filed within the 90‑day period prescribed in the proviso to Section 167(2) of the CrPC, and the accused claimed an automatic right to bail. The High Court allowed the …
Rajanna, a security assistant in the Special Protection Group (SPG), suffered permanent partial disablement in a motor accident while traveling in an official SPG vehicle from staff quarters to the South Block. He claimed an ex‑gratia payment of Rs 50,000 under a 1986 Cabinet Secretariat circular …
The appellant, Mis. Shabi Construction Co., entered into a lease agreement with the New Town Development Authority (CIDCO) for a commercial plot, the agreement stipulating a maximum Floor Space Index (FSI) of 2. While the agreement was pending, the State Government issued a notification increasing …
Dr. Devendra Vir Sahi was appointed as an Assistant Medical Officer on an ad‑hoc basis on 20 July 1985, after the cut‑off date of 1 October 1984 prescribed in Dr. A.K. Jain’s judgment. The Union of India, following a policy that required UPSC screening for ad‑hoc officers appointed between 1 October …
The petition filed by Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. challenged a Full Bench judgment of the Madhya Pradesh High Court that had overruled a Division Bench decision on the construction of Section 138(b) of the Madhya Pradesh Municipal Corporation Act, 1956, which contains a non‑obstante clause. The …
The Municipal Committee of Jind appealed against a suit filed by Jagat Singh for a permanent injunction restraining the Committee from interfering with his claimed ownership and possession of five kanals of land. Jagat Singh relied solely on revenue records and a mutation entry, without producing a …
The Supreme Court considered two sets of appeals. In Union Carbide India Ltd. v. State of Andhra Pradesh it examined whether dry‑cell batteries and arc‑carbons were taxable under the higher‑rate entries 3 or 4 of the Andhra Pradesh General Sales Tax Act, 1957 or under the lower‑rate residuary entry …
Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. entered into a ten‑year technical know‑how agreement with Peugeot, a French firm, paying a lump‑sum of 15 million French Francs. The company later imported CKD engine packs and service parts. The Customs Assistant Collector held that the invoice price of the CKD packs was …
The Indore Development Authority (IDA) advertised LIG and MIG flats on a hire‑purchase basis, stating only an estimated price that would be finalized at allotment. Over several years the Authority raised the price from the original estimates of Rs 45,000 (LIG) and Rs 70,000 (MIG) to Rs 60,000 and Rs …
Canara Bank appealed a decision of the Company Law Board (CLB) that had refused to register bonds purchased from Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd. The CLB had been hearing the bank's application under Section 111 of the Companies Act when the Special Court (Trial of Offences Relating to …
The appellants, high‑tension electricity consumers including Real Food Products Ltd., challenged the Andhra Pradesh State Electricity Board’s tariff revisions, arguing that the board’s imposition of a fuel‑adjustment cost only on high‑tension users and the flat‑rate concession for agricultural pump …
The case concerned a main partnership engaged in abkari (liquor) business that had a partner, Ganga Goud, who held a 10% share. Ganga Goud and eleven other persons formed a sub‑partnership to provide the capital required for his share and to share the profits and losses arising from the main …
The S.A. Jain College Trust and Managing Society acquired land belonging to a private owner for a college playground under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894. The original award in 1970 paid Rs 12,000 per acre with 15% solatium and 6% interest. Subsequent proceedings enhanced compensation to Rs 8 per …
Ram Pyare Pandey was appointed as a temporary Junior Clerk in the Integrated Rural Development Agency, a society registered under the Societies Registration Act, and was terminated within a month. He sued for a declaration that the termination violated Rule 13(b) of the agency's own rules, which …
K.N. Dutt, a retired chief engineer of Haryana, had taken advances against his gratuity and signed an undertaking that any unpaid amount could be recovered from his gratuity. After disciplinary proceedings, the State withheld his retirement benefits, prompting Dutt to file a writ petition which the …
The H.M.T. House Building Co‑operative Society, a housing society for HMT employees, submitted a scheme to the Karnataka Government and entered into an agreement with a construction firm (respondent No.11) to secure acquisition of land for its members. The State issued notifications under Sections …
Amrit Banaspati Co. Ltd., a vanaspati manufacturer in Uttar Pradesh, transports its products into Delhi where the Delhi Municipal Corporation Act, 1957 imposes a terminal tax under Section 178 on all goods brought from outside the Union Territory. The company challenged the tax as a direct and …
The Jammu & Kashmir Public Service Commission advertised for Munsiff posts, conducted a written exam and a viva voce interview. Unsuccessful candidates (petitioners) challenged the interview, alleging manipulation, lack of faculty‑wise marking, absence of tape‑recording, bias favouring certain …
The Bihar State Electricity Board ordered a transformer from NGEF Ltd., which was shipped by rail and covered by an open insurance policy with New India Assurance. The consignment was damaged during transhipment, and the insurer, after reimbursing the consignor, sued the railway administration for …
The State of Tamil Nadu appealed against a Madras High Court order that struck down Rules 8D, 19B and part of Rule 19A of the Tamil Nadu Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 1959. The State argued that giving preference to State Government companies or corporations in granting quarrying leases for …
Petitioners challenged the Tamil Nadu Minor Mineral Concession Rules 8‑C (as amended on 10 June 1992) and Rule 38, alleging that they illegally reserve quarrying of certain granites for the State Government and its companies without the Central Government’s approval required under Section 17‑A(2) of …
The Central Government declared Jamaat‑e‑Islami Hind an unlawful association under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967, based on alleged statements questioning India's sovereignty. The declaration was referred to a Tribunal, which, relying on a résumé of intelligence reports and …
The contractor (appellant) entered into an excavation contract with the State Government and, after disputes, the matter was referred to an arbitrator who rendered an award on 29 July 1985. The award was filed in the court on 5 August 1985, the court gave notice of filing on 7 August 1985, and the …
The State of Tamil Nadu enacted the Tamil Nadu Acquisition of Land for Harijan Welfare Schemes Act, 1978 to acquire land for Harijan welfare projects. The Act was challenged as unconstitutional, alleging violations of Articles 14, 19 and 300A of the Constitution and lack of protection under Articles …
R.C. Sood, then Registrar of the Rajasthan High Court, was suspended by the High Court under Rule 13 of the Rajasthan Civil Services (Classification, Control and Appeal) Rules, 1958, on the allegation that he altered a draft recruitment advertisement, changing the age eligibility date from 1 January …
The appellants, Darshan Oils Pvt. Ltd., entered into a contract and opened an irrevocable letter of credit on 3 October 1983 to import fatty acids, which were not canalised under the Import and Export (Control) Act, 1947 policy for 1983-84. On 11 November 1983 the Government issued a public notice …
The Municipal Corporation of Delhi (appellant) challenged awards granted by the Labour Court to daily‑rated/casual workers (respondents) who claimed equal pay with regular employees under the principle of equal pay for equal work. The workers sought computation of arrears of wages at the regular …
N.K. Singh, an IPS officer, was transferred from the post of Joint Director, CBI to an equivalent post of IG in the BSF while handling a sensitive investigation. He challenged the transfer before the Central Administrative Tribunal alleging malafides by the Prime Minister, prejudice to public …
Raghbir Singh, convicted under IPC sections 326 and 149 and sentenced to three years' rigorous imprisonment, was released in November 1988 and subsequently contested the Punjab Vidhan Sabha election in February 1992. The respondent filed an election petition alleging that Singh was disqualified …
The petitioners, M/s Khadi and Village Soap Industries, challenged a 1987 notification under Section 13(1) of the Haryana General Sales Tax Act, 1973 that granted a full sales‑tax exemption to the Khadi Ashram, Panipat and its centralized units, while limiting the exemption for other cooperative …
The respondents, members of the Nilambur Kovilakam, filed a petition under section 8 of the Kerala Private Forests (Vesting and Assignment) Act, 1973 claiming that 60 acres of land did not vest in the Government. The Forest Tribunal dismissed the petition, but the Kerala High Court reversed the …
The appellants challenged the registration of the ancient Kalika Mataji temple as a public trust under the Bombay Public Trusts Act, 1950, arguing that it was a private family temple based on a historic will and internal restrictions. The respondents contended that the temple, whose origin is lost …
Chander Bhan Gill, appointed as Assistant (Legal) in 1985, completed one year of service on 26 January 1986 and became eligible for an annual increment. The Central Civil Services (Revised Pay) Rules, 1986 came into force on 1 January 1986, and the Government issued a clarification on 4 May 1987 …
UCO Bank, a secured creditor of Glass Carboys & Pressedwares Ltd., obtained a decree in 1976 to recover its debt before the Companies (Amendment) Act, 1985 came into force. The amendment inserted a proviso to Section 529(1) of the Companies Act, 1956, deeming the security of every secured creditor …
The case arose from a trial before a Special Judge concerning alleged conspiracy and corruption in the Idamalayar Dam project. The Special Public Prosecutor sought, under Section 321 of the CrPC, permission to withdraw prosecution against one accused, G. Gopalakrishna Pillai, on the ground that …
The Gujarat Public Service Commission conducted examinations for Executive Engineers in 1980 and 1982, fixing a 50% viva voce qualifying mark which was later struck down, leading to revision of merit lists and appointments of some candidates. Subsequent petitions sought to use the waiting lists from …
The petitioners, a coalition of cooperative societies running fair‑price ration shops and occupants of residential premises, challenged a State Government notice to vacate premises that had been requisitioned under the Bombay Land Requisition Act, 1948 more than four decades earlier. They argued …
The Uttar Pradesh master plan of 1986 earmarked certain lands of private colonisers Delhi Auto and Maha Maya for recreational use. Both applied to the Ghaziabad Development Authority (GDA) for permission to develop their lands under Section 15 of the Uttar Pradesh Urban Planning and Development Act. …
This landmark judgment concerns the scope of Article 356 of the Constitution of India, which empowers the President to impose President's Rule in states upon failure of constitutional machinery. The case consolidated challenges to proclamations dissolving legislative assemblies in Karnataka, …
The Supreme Court examined disputes arising from the Kerala Abkari Shops (Disposal in Auction) Rules, 1974, where licensees of arrack shops claimed the State was contractually obliged to supply additional quantities of liquor beyond the statutorily mandated monthly quota. The Court held that the …
In 1993 a series of bomb blasts in Bombay led to the arrest of Abdul Hamid Haji Mohammed, during which six Chinese AK‑56 rifles and twelve magazines were recovered. The Designated Court under the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act (TADA) refused his bail, holding that the …
The petitioners, appointed as Pharmacists Grade‑B in the Northern Railway Central Hospital, were placed in the higher pay scale of Rs 330‑560 despite being qualified only under clause (d) of Section 31 of the Pharmacy Act, 1948, which entitled them to the lower scale of Rs 330‑480. In 1984 they were …
K. Ashok Reddy filed a writ petition seeking a declaration that High Court judges could not be transferred under Article 222 of the Constitution, alleging that transfers were arbitrary, biased and eroded judicial independence, and that the Supreme Court's Judges' Case‑II had wrongly excluded …
The case concerned direct recruits to the Indian Police Service (IPS) who appealed against a Central Administrative Tribunal order that allowed promotee officers from the State Police Service to count their continuous officiating service from the date they were included in the IPS select list for …
The plaintiff (borrower) sued the suppliers, lenders and guarantor over a power‑plant project, invoking credit agreements that contained arbitration clauses. The lenders, particularly Svenska Handelsbanken (defendant No. 4), instructed their counsel not to appear or take any step in the main suit, …
Express Newspaper Ltd. claimed large losses in its returns for AY 1985-86, which the Assessing Officer rejected as fabricated and assessed a huge income. While the appeal against this assessment was pending, the company filed an application under Section 245‑C of the Income‑Tax Act seeking …
The appellant was initially appointed on a one‑year contract as Foreman in a state‑run Cycle Parts Factory in 1957, with his contract repeatedly extended. In 1960 he was appointed as Foreman Class‑II with retrospective seniority dated 4‑Jan‑1957, although the post became gazetted only in 1959 and …
