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High Court of Gujarat

KANJIBHAI BECHARBHAI CHAROLA (THAKOR)versusSTATE OF GUJARAT

Disposal
97-DISPOSED AS TRANSFER TO DISTRICT/SESSION COURT N.I. ACT.

Holding

A victim’s appeal against an acquittal under Section 138 of the NI Act must be heard by the Sessions Court as mandated by the proviso to Section 372 of the CrPC.

Summary

Kanjibhai Becharbhai Charola appealed the trial court's acquittal on a charge under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act. The High Court examined whether the complainant, as a victim, has a statutory right to appeal under the proviso of Section 372 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, which mandates that such appeals be made to the Sessions Court. Citing its own earlier decision in Shivsinh Ganpatsinh Solanki v. State of Gujarat and the Supreme Court’s ruling in M/s Celestium Financial v. A. Gyanasekaran, the Court held that the appeal must be transferred to the appropriate Sessions Court. Consequently, the High Court disposed of the appeal with an order directing the Registry to transfer the entire case record to the Sessions Court for further hearing. The merits of the original acquittal were not considered at this stage.

Issues considered

  • The complainant’s statutory right to appeal an acquittal under Section 138 NI Act
  • Whether the appeal should be heard by the High Court or transferred to the Sessions Court under Section 372 CrPC
  • The proper jurisdiction for appeals arising from Section 138 NI Act cases

Legislation cited

Subjects

Acquittal appealSection 138 NI ActVictim's right to appealSection 372 CrPCJurisdictionTransfer of appeal

Judgment

     R/CR.A/1531/2024                                      ORDER DATED: 09/02/2026




            IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD

     R/CRIMINAL APPEAL (AGAINST ACQUITTAL) NO. 1531 of 2024

==========================================================
                KANJIBHAI BECHARBHAI CHAROLA (THAKOR)
                                Versus
                       STATE OF GUJARAT & ANR.
==========================================================
Appearance:
MRS NISHA M PARIKH(2397) for the Appellant(s) No. 1
BAILABLE WARRANT NOT RECEIVED BACK for the
Opponent(s)/Respondent(s) No. 2
MR GIRISH D CHAVDA(3226) for the Opponent(s)/Respondent(s) No. 2
MS JYOTI BHATT, ADDITIONAL PUBLIC PROSECUTOR for the
Opponent(s)/Respondent(s) No. 1
==========================================================

 CORAM:HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE SANJEEV J.THAKER

                               Date : 09/02/2026

                                   ORAL ORDER


1.     This is an acquittal appeal filed under Section 378 of

the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (hereinafter referred to

as `the Code’ for short) by the complainant against the

judgment and order impugned passed by the learned trial

Court, whereby the learned trial Court had acquitted the

respondent/s/accused of the charge under Section 138 of the

Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (hereinafter referred to as

the `NI Act’ for short).



2.     Heard learned advocates for the parties. Learned APP

has submitted that this matter is required to be transferred

in   view     of    the   recent    decision       of   this   Court    passed       in
Criminal Miscellaneous Application Nos. 12753 of 2019 with



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     R/CR.A/1531/2024                                             ORDER DATED: 09/02/2026




12908 of 2019.


3.      Before entering into the merits of this case, this Court

deems it proper to refer to the latest decision rendered by

this Court in the case of Shivsinh Ganpatsinh Solanki V/s

State      of    Gujarat         &        Anr.     being    Criminal       Miscellaneous
Application Nos. 12753 of 2019 with 12908 of 2019 on
23.12.2025, wherein, after considering the various judgments
of   the        Hon’ble        Supreme            Court,   more      particularly,          the

judgment         in     the     matter       of     M/s    Celestium      Financial          V/s
A.Gyanasekaran                etc.       reported     in   2025      INSC       804,        has

observed and held that the Complainant, in a complaint

under Section 138 of the N.I. Act, being a Victim, has a

specific right to appeal under proviso of Section 372 of the

Code to the Court which is immediately superior in hierarchy

i.e., the Sessions Court. Therefore, the applications for leave

to appeal/appeals which are pending before this Court can be

disposed         of     with         a     direction       to   transfer        the         said

application/appeal to the concerned Sessions Court.


4.      In view of the above, learned advocate for the petitioner

requested to transfer the appeal to the concerned Sessions

Court.


5.      In view of the said request, this appeal is disposed of



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           R/CR.A/1531/2024                                                        ORDER DATED: 09/02/2026




  with a direction to the Registry to transfer the appeal to the

  concerned             Sessions          Court.         After        it     is     transferred            to     the

  concerned Sessions Court, it has to be treated as an Appeal

  under the proviso under Section 372 of the Code (Section 413

  of BNSS) and numbered accordingly and issue notice to the

  parties. The Registry is directed to transfer the entire record

  of       the     case,       including            the      certified          copies        of     the        order

  impugned and record & proceedings, if lying with this Court,
  to the concerned lower Appellate Court, forthwith.



  6.         It is clarified that this Court has not gone into the

  merits of the matter at this stage.



                                                                                  (SANJEEV J.THAKER,J)
  Bharat


Original copy of this order has been signed by the Hon'ble Judge.
Digitally signed by: KOSHTI BHARATKUMAR(HC01064), PRINCIPAL PRIVATE SECRETARY, at High Court of Gujarat on 09/02/2026 18:29:31




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