Bombay High Court
SHAIKH RAMZAN SHAIKH MADARversusTHE STATE OF MAHARASHTRA AND OTHERS
- Disposal
- DISPOSED OFF
- Bench
- ABHAY MANTRI
Holding
The appellate court held that the prosecution failed to demonstrate a complete chain of circumstantial evidence, and therefore granted bail to the appellant.
Summary
The appellant, Shaikh Ramzan, was arrested for the murder of the deceased under Section 103(1) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 and Section 3(2)(v) of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989. The prosecution relied solely on circumstantial evidence – the accused being last seen with the victim, recovery of a weapon, and cleaning mud from his motorcycle – with no direct evidence such as blood on the weapon. The defence argued that the chain of circumstances was incomplete and that the alleged loan motive was unsupported. The appellate court found that the prosecution had not established a complete chain of circumstantial evidence to justify continued detention. Consequently, the appeal was allowed and the appellant was released on bail subject to stringent conditions.
Issues considered
- Whether the circumstantial evidence presented is sufficient to justify denial of bail.
- Whether the prosecution has established a complete chain of circumstances to infer the appellant's guilt.
- Whether the alleged loan motive establishes culpability under the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act.
Legislation cited
- Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita — s. 103(1)
- Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 — s. 3(2)(v)
Subjects
- bail
- circumstantial evidence
- murder
- SC/ST atrocities
- loan motive
- appellate court
- Indian criminal procedure
- Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita
- Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Act
Judgment
2026:BHC-AUG:23652
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IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
BENCH AT AURANGABAD
CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 956 OF 2025
Shaikh Ramzan Shaikh Madar
Age: 39 years, Occu.: Labour,
R/o Pimplegaon, Tq. Palam,
Dist. Parbhani ..APPELLANT
VERSUS
1. State of Maharashtra
Through Officer Incharge,
Police Station Chudawa, Palam,
Dist. Parbhani
2. Superintendent of Police,
Parbhani, Dist. Parbhani
3. Sumanbai Vikram Shewale
Age: 65 years, Occu.: Labour,
R/o Wani Pimpalgaon, Tq. Palam,
Dist. Parbhani ..RESPONDENTS
....
Mr. S.J. Salunke, Advocate for Appellant
Mr. S.N. Morampalle, A.P.P. for Respondent nos.1 and 2
Mr. M.H. Shaikh, Advocate for Respondent no.3
....
CORAM : ABHAY J. MANTRI, J.
DATE : 17th JUNE, 2026
ORAL JUDGMENT :
1. The Appellant, being dissatisfied with the order dated 17th October,
2025, passed by the learned Additional Sessions Judge-1, Parbhani, below
Exhibit 6 in Special (Atrocities) Case No. 140 of 2025, thereby rejected the
bail application in connection with Crime No.205 of 2025 dated 12 th August,
2025, registered with Police Station Chudawa, Tq. Purna, Dist. Parbhani, for
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the offence punishable under Section 103(1) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita,
2023 and under Section 3(2)(v) of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
(Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, has filed this appeal.
2. Heard learned counsel for the Appellant, learned A.P.P. for the
Respondent Nos. 1 and 2 and learned counsel for the Respondent No.3.
Perused the order dated 17th October, 2025 and the copy of the charge-sheet.
3. On 12th August, 2025, Sumanbai – informant/mother of the
deceased lodged the report alleging that on 10th August, 2025, the deceased,
with the accused Ramzan, had both gone to Dhangari Takli to drop off his
nephews, but did not return to home. Therefore, she was going to the Palam
Police Station to lodge a missing report. At that time, she came to know that
an unknown person had murdered her son, and therefore, she lodged a report
against an unknown person. Based on her report, the offence was registered at
Chudawa Police Station as stated above.
4. Pursuant to the registration of offence on 14 th August, 2025, police
arrested the Accused / Appellant. The Appellant then preferred a bail
application before the learned Additional Sessions Judge, Parbhani, who
rejected the said application; therefore, he has preferred this Appeal.
5. Learned counsel for the Appellant vehemently contended that the
case is based on circumstantial evidence and the chain of circumstances is not
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complete, and therefore, it cannot be said that the Accused has committed
murder of the deceased. He has taken me through the entire charge-sheet and
statements of the witnesses and argued that the circumstances of the last seen
and the recovery of the weapon are not sufficient to conclude that the
Appellant has committed murder. Therefore, he urged that the Appellant be
released on bail.
6. On the other hand, learned A.P.P. and learned counsel for
Respondent No.3 / informant have strongly opposed the Appeal/bail,
contending that the deceased was accompanied by the Accused and the
witnesses, Raju and Aakash Sabne, the hotel owner, have seen the deceased
and the Appellant together on 10th August, 2025. Learned A.P.P. also pointed
out the spot panchanama and submitted that there was mud on the spot of the
incident and the accused cleaned the mud off his motorcycle in the garage of
one Aditya Galande, and therefore, urged that all these circumstances
consistently indicate that the Accused has committed murder of the deceased.
Therefore, they urged that the appeal be rejected.
7. Having heard the rival contentions of the parties and perusal of the
record, at the outset, it appears that the case is based on circumstantial
evidence, and no direct evidence is available. Mainly, the prosecution is
relying on three circumstances, i.e. last seen together, recovery of the weapon
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and cleaning of mud from the motorcycle. However, on perusal of the
recovery panchanama, prima facie, no blood stains were found on the weapon
– sattur to infer that the said sattur was used as a weapon in the crime. As
such, prima facie it does not appear that the chain of circumstances is
complete to draw the inference that the Appellant has only committed murder
of the deceased.
8. The ground urged by the learned A.P.P. and learned counsel for the
Respondent No.3 is that the deceased took a loan from the bank and gave the
said amount to the Appellant; therefore, to avoid repayment of the said loan,
the Appellant committed the murder of the deceased. However, prima facie, I
do not find substance in this contention, since, as per the bank statement and
the statement of witness Raju Sarode, it prima facie appears that the Appellant
and his brother had paid three instalments of the loan. No material from the
charge-sheet indicates that, on account of non-payment of loan instalments,
the Appellant might have committed the murder of the deceased. Apart from
that, the investigation is complete, and the charge sheet has been filed with the
Court. The Appellant has no criminal antecedents.
9. Having considered the above discussion, it seems that the
prosecution, prima facie, failed to demonstrate that the chain of circumstantial
evidence is complete to infer that the Appellant has committed the crime.
Therefore, in the absence of it, it is not proper to detain the Appellant behind
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bars. However, to dispel apprehension of the prosecution, stringent conditions
can be imposed upon the Appellant.
10. As a result, Criminal Appeal is allowed in terms of prayer clauses (B)
and (C).
11. Accordingly, the Appellant be released on bail in connection with
Crime No.205 of 2025 dated 12th August, 2025 registered with Police Station
Chudawa, Tq. Purna, Dist. Parbhani for the offence punishable under Section
103(1) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 and under Section 3(2)(v) of the
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989,
on furnishing P.B. and S.B. of Rs.1,00,000/- (Rupees One Lakh) with one or
two solvent sureties in the like amount on the following conditions :-
(I) The Appellant shall not tamper with the prosecution
evidence in any manner till the conclusion of the trial.
(II) The Appellant shall not leave India without prior permission
of the Court till the conclusion of the trial.
(III) The Appellant shall not enter village Wani Pimpalgaon, Tq.
Palam, Dist. Parbhani till the conclusion of the trial.
12. Bail before the trial Court.
13. The Criminal Appeal is disposed of.
( ABHAY J. MANTRI, J. )
SSD
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