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Bombay High Court

BHAMTYA CHAMARYA GAVLI (KOKNI) AND OTHERSversusDHARMA BALYA KOKNI

Disposal
DISPOSED OFF

Holding

The High Court quashed the ‘no cross’ order and the subsequent order, allowing the petitioners' application to set aside the order.

Summary

The petitioners, original defendants in a 2017 suit for declaration, possession and perpetual injunction, were unable to attend a scheduled cross‑examination of the plaintiff on 9 October 2019 because their counsel was engaged elsewhere. Consequently, the trial court issued a ‘no cross’ order on that date, which the petitioners challenged by filing an application to set aside the order on 18 November 2019. The trial court rejected the application, taking a hyper‑technical view that the plaintiff had remained present and the defendants had failed to cross‑examine. The petitioners filed a writ petition contending that the rejection denied them a fair opportunity to contest the matter on its merits. The High Court, after considering the circumstances, held that the trial court should have entertained the application in the interest of justice and therefore quashed both the ‘no cross’ order and the subsequent order, allowing the petitioners to proceed with the suit expeditiously.

Issues considered

  • What is the appropriate judicial approach to a ‘no cross’ order when the defendant's counsel is absent due to unavoidable circumstances?
  • Whether the trial court erred in rejecting the petitioners' application to set aside the ‘no cross’ order on technical grounds.

Subjects

  • civil procedure
  • cross‑examination
  • no cross order
  • writ petition
  • procedural fairness
  • expeditious trial

Judgment

2026:BHC-AUG:10160
                                                                        7-WP-13798-2021.odt

                     IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
                                BENCH AT AURANGABAD

                         85 WRIT PETITION NO. 13798 OF 2021

                          Bhamtya Chamarya Gavli (Kokni) and Ors.
                                           VERSUS
                                    Dharma Balya Kokni
                                              …..
          Mr. Sushil P. Pandit, Advocate for the Petitioners
          Mr. Mukul S. Kulkarni, Advocate for Respondent No.1
                                              …..
                                        CORAM : SIDDHESHWAR S. THOMBRE, J.
                                       DATE       : 09.03.2026
          PER COURT :

          1.    Heard the learned counsel for the respective parties.


          2.    The present petition challenges the order dated 29.10.2021
          passed by the learned Civil Judge, Junior Division, Nawapur in RCS
          No.28/2017, whereby the application filed by the petitioners for
          setting aside the ‘no cross’ order dated 09.10.2019 came to be rejected.


          3.    The learned counsel for the petitioners submits that the
          petitioners are the original defendants in RCS No.28/2017, which has
          been filed for declaration, possession and perpetual injunction. The
          petitioners filed their written statement in the said suit. He submits
          that the plaintiff filed his affidavit of examination-in-chief and the
          matter was posted for cross-examination of the plaintiff by the
          defendants. It is submitted that when the matter was posted for cross-
          examination of the plaintiff, the learned counsel for the petitioners was
          engaged in other matters at Nandurbar, and therefore could not attend
          the proceedings. Consequently, the learned Trial Court passed a ‘no

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cross’ order on 09.10.2019. Thereafter, on 18.11.2019, the petitioners
filed an application below Exhibit–36 seeking to set aside the said ‘no
cross’ order, however the learned Trial Court rejected the same.


4.    The learned counsel for respondent No.1 supports the order
passed by the learned Trial Court and submits that the plaintiff had
remained present for cross-examination after filing his examination-in-
chief. It was therefore incumbent upon the petitioners to cross-
examine the plaintiff, however they failed to do so. Hence, according
to him, the learned Trial Court has rightly rejected the application.


5.    Having heard the learned counsel for the respective parties and
upon perusal of the order passed by the learned Trial Court, it appears
that in the interest of justice the matter ought to be decided on its own
merits. In the present case, though the matter was posted for cross-
examination of the plaintiff on 09.10.2019, due to unavoidable
circumstances the learned counsel for the petitioners could not remain
present and therefore the ‘no cross’ order came to be passed. It further
appears that the petitioners immediately filed an application for setting
aside the said order. Once such application was filed, the learned Trial
Court ought to have considered the same in the interest of justice.
However, the learned Trial Court adopted a hyper-technical approach
in rejecting the said application. Therefore, in order to give the
petitioners an opportunity to contest the matter and for proper
adjudication of the dispute on its merits, I am inclined to allow the
present petition.




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6.      In view thereof, the writ petition is allowed. The orders dated
09.10.2019 and 29.10.2021 passed by the learned Civil Judge, Junior
Division, Nawapur in RCS No.28/2017 are quashed and set aside. The
application below Exhibit–36 stands allowed.



7.      Both the learned counsel submit that the suit is of the year 2017.
Therefore, in the interest of justice, the Trial Court is directed to decide
the suit as expeditiously as possible and preferably within a period of
six months from today.




                                      [SIDDHESHWAR S. THOMBRE, J.]




Sameer/March-2026




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