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1535 judgments · newest first · showing 1401–1535
A Sub‑Inspector of Police was charged with accepting a bribe and failing to register a criminal case. A Deputy Superintendent of Police framed the charge‑memo, conducted the inquiry and sent a report to the Deputy Inspector General, who imposed compulsory retirement. The Sub‑Inspector appealed to …
The State of U.P. acquired 5.357 acres of agricultural land in Azamgarh for a project. The Land Acquisition Officer initially fixed compensation at Rs 3,658.87 per acre, which the claimant challenged under Section 18 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894. The reference court raised the award to Rs …
The Bihar State Electricity Board entered into a contract with Mis. Allied Refractories requiring the consumer to pay a minimum guaranteed charge for electricity. The consumers failed to consume the guaranteed amount because of frequent trippings, load shedding and power cuts, and under Clause 13 of …
The State of Madhya Pradesh appealed against the dismissal of its appeal in a civil suit where the respondent, S.S. Akolkar, had died. The State filed an application under Order 22 Rule 4 of the CPC to substitute the legal representatives of the deceased, but the application was filed 15 days after …
The State appealed against the order that excluded a parcel of land from surplus land on the basis of a will executed in 1978. The respondents claimed a one‑fourth share in the surplus land, arguing that the will of Smt. Gajraji bequeathing the share to her nephew should exempt the land from ceiling …
The petitioner, born in 1941 to parents who had converted to Christianity before his birth, later reconverted to Hinduism at age 14 and claimed to be an Adi‑Dravida Scheduled Caste to obtain SC benefits in his employment with the Food Corporation of India. He filed a suit for a declaration of …
Kirloskar Brothers Ltd., a manufacturer with factories in Maharashtra and Deewas, set up regional offices in Secunderabad and Bangalore to sell its products. The State Governments of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka treated these offices as establishments under Section 2(g) of the Employees' State …
The State of Orissa appealed against an Orissa Administrative Tribunal order that a draughtsman be retained in service up to the age of 60. The central question was whether a draughtsman qualifies as a "workman" under the second proviso to Rule 71(a) of the Orissa Service Code, which would entitle …
Two members of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly, elected in 1991 as AIADMK candidates, were expelled from the party and labelled ‘unattached’ by the Speaker. They later joined the Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (MDMK). The Speaker, invoking the Tamil Nadu Assembly (Disqualification on …
S.B. International Ltd., an exporter of marine products, applied for advance licences under the Duty Exemption Scheme of the Export and Import (Control) Act, 1947 between May and September 1992. On 25 September 1992 the government raised the value‑addition norm from 1000% to 1900% and later issued …
Bhagwan Singh, a co‑owner of undivided joint‑family agricultural land, sold portions of the land in specie to strangers who later sold parts to Karan Singh (the appellant). Bhagwan Singh filed a suit for pre‑emption under the Punjab Pre‑emption Act, 1913, claiming his co‑owner right. The trial court …
The petitioners, representing several maths, challenged the constitutionality of Sections 50 to 55 of the Andhra Pradesh Charitable and Hindu Religious Institutions and Endowments Act, 1987, alleging that the provisions interfered with the religious freedom of the Mathadhipathi under Articles 25 and …
The appellants, heirs of Yadavrao P. Pathade, appealed against the State of Maharashtra seeking interest on the solatium awarded under Section 23(2) of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894. The compensation had been enhanced by the reference court and further by the High Court to Rs 42,056.15, but the …
The respondent, S. Subramaniam, a Deputy Tehsildar, was charged with demanding and accepting illegal gratification for effecting land‑record mutations. A disciplinary inquiry found the charge proved and ordered his removal from service. The Tamil Nadu Administrative Tribunal, on review, …
The respondents, Suresh Kumar Verma and another, were re‑engaged as Assistant Development Officers on a daily‑wage basis after the project they were working on ended. The Himachal Pradesh High Court had directed the State to re‑engage them despite existing vacancies, treating the daily‑wage …
The respondents, co‑owners of land sold by a widow who possessed only a limited estate, filed a suit under Section 15(1)(b) of the Punjab Pre‑emption Act, 1913 seeking pre‑emption of the sale. The trial court decreed in their favour and the decree was upheld on appeal, but the second appeal was …
The Supreme Court had ordered the closure of Mohan Meakin's plant on 1 April 1993 for failure to meet anti‑pollution standards. The company’s managing director and CEO operated the plant from 7‑11 April and later obtained a consent from the Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board on 21 April, …
The case involved three brothers—Husna, Rupa and Jalour Singh—accused of house trespass, murder of Salish Kumar and illegal possession of arms. The FIR did not name the accused; they were later identified in a supplementary statement recorded by police during investigation. The Supreme Court held …
Nitasha Paul, a second‑year B.D.S. student from Karnataka, applied to migrate to the Government Dental College, Rohtak for the 1993‑94 academic year. A sub‑committee recommended her for one of the eight vacant seats based on merit and her domicile certificate, but the Vice‑Chancellor ignored the …
Harbans Lal was convicted for the murder of his wife Punni Devi, who died from burns, along with his two sons. The trial court sentenced all three to life imprisonment; the High Court acquitted the sons but upheld the husband's conviction. On appeal, the Supreme Court examined the prosecution's …
The State of Rajasthan prosecuted Ram Narain and two others for abducting, wrongfully confining, and raping a minor girl aged between 15 and 17. The trial court convicted all three under IPC sections 376, 366 and 342 and imposed rigorous imprisonment of seven, five and one years respectively, with a …
The appellant, the legal heir of the deceased owner of three plots in Kanpur, challenged the computation of excess urban land under the Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Act, 1976. The plots comprised a dwelling unit on 501.64 sq m and two industrial factories on larger plots. The authorities …
The State of Punjab appealed a Punjab & Haryana High Court order that had allowed a group of industrial training institute instructors to have their salaries stepped up to match those of junior instructors who were receiving higher pay. Prior to 1961 all instructors were on a uniform pay scale, but …
The Calcutta Municipal Corporation was formed by merging three municipalities, including Garden Reach, under the Calcutta Municipal Corporation Act, 1980. Respondent No.1, who had been an Education In‑charge in Garden Reach Municipality on a pay scale of Rs. 380‑910, was placed after the merger in …
Manoharlal appealed against his conviction under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act, contending that Section 50 was not complied with because he was not given a choice to be searched in the presence of a gazetted officer or a magistrate. The petitioner argued that the statute …
The Supreme Court had earlier disposed of an appeal and dismissed review petitions filed against its order. Subsequently, the parties filed applications seeking clarification and modification of that order, claiming the Court's inherent power. The Court examined whether such applications could be …
The Chief Commissioner of Income Tax (Administration) appealed against a Central Administrative Tribunal order that directed payment of a special allowance of Rs.35 per month to all Upper Division Clerks (UDCs) in non‑secretariat administrative offices. The government had earmarked 10% of UDC posts …
The appellant filed a complaint under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 alleging that a cheque dated 30‑06‑1990 was dishonoured due to insufficient funds and that the drawer had instructed the bank to stop payment, as indicated by the bank’s endorsement. A notice demanding payment …
The Directorate of Enforcement prosecuted M.C.T.M. Corp. Ltd. and its directors for failing to repatriate foreign exchange held in Malaysia for over fifteen years, alleging contravention of Section 10(1)(a) of the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1947 (FERA) and imposing penalties under Section …
The Supreme Court examined whether the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) could, under Section 45K(3) of the Reserve Bank of India Act, issue Paragraph 4A of the 1987 Directions prohibiting residuary non‑banking companies from levying processing or maintenance charges on depositors. Peerless General …
The Madhya Pradesh Co-operative Bank Ltd., an apex co-operative bank, claimed that all its income, including interest earned on government securities placed with the State Bank of India/Reserve Bank of India and interest on Provident Fund deposits, arose from its banking business and was therefore …
The Regional Transport Authority (RTA) of Coimbatore, using a marking system, awarded 11 marks to the State Transport Undertaking (Cheran Transport Corporation Ltd.) and 6 marks to a private operator (N.T. Arasu) for the Coimbatore‑Kottur stage‑carriage route, rejecting the private operator's …
Krishna Kumari, a well‑educated teacher, was found burnt in the kitchen of her matrimonial home about two months after her marriage. The prosecution alleged that her father‑in‑law, husband, sister of the husband and sister‑in‑law killed her over dowry demands, relying on motive, alleged …
Smt. Jaya Devi, an assistant teacher, was terminated by the Bihar Directorate of Education in 1990 and successfully obtained reinstatement through a writ petition before the Patna High Court. In a later, unrelated writ petition filed by another teacher, the same High Court judge, believing his …
The respondent, D.L. Uppal, retired on 31 January 1994 and claimed his pension, which had not been paid. The Punjab & Haryana High Court ordered payment of gratuity with 12% interest and directed that the pension be computed on the basis of his last drawn emoluments, subject to a pending …
The Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation acquired strips of land for a Ring Road under a notification issued under Section 4(1) of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894. The Land Acquisition Officer fixed compensation at Rs 50‑80 per square metre, which the claimants challenged under Section 18, leading the …
The Supreme Court heard an appeal against a Kerala High Court order that replaced a member of the selection committee for clerks in Guruvayoor Devaswom with the Director of Training, a judicial officer, and made the Director an observer in the interview process. The appellant argued that the High …
The Haryana State Industrial Development Corporation Ltd. (HSIDC) offered Inderjeet Sawhney a provisional allotment of one acre of industrial land in 1984, subject to fulfillment of pre‑requisites and a final allotment letter. Sawhney failed to meet those conditions, and the parties later agreed …
The Karnataka Government, after amending Rule 3A of the Karnataka Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 1969 to relax a prohibition on quarry leases for certain granites, issued an order on 18 June 1991 granting 203 quarry leases under Rule 3. The petitioners challenged these grants, arguing they violated …
The appellants filed a writ petition under Articles 226 and 227 of the Constitution challenging an order of the Additional Director, Consolidation of Holdings, Punjab, relating to land allocation under the East Punjab Holdings (Consolidation and Prevention of Fragmentation) Act, 1948. During the …
The police seized a truck loaded with stolen railway track pieces and recorded a report, treated as an FIR, alleging that the goods were loaded from the factory of Rajendra Agarwalla. A charge‑sheet was filed and the magistrate took cognizance of an offence under Section 414 IPC. The respondent …
Vasavadatta Cements, a cement manufacturer, challenged the constitutional validity of Section 5(3‑D) of the Karnataka Sales Tax Act, 1957, which made packing material (gunny/plastic bags) taxable. The Karnataka High Court dismissed the challenge, relying on Ranganatha Associates and the Supreme …
Shiva Prasad Tripathi, a former employee of Life Insurance Corporation of India, was allotted corporation premises which he was required to vacate after his service ended. He refused to leave, prompting the Estate Officer to issue a notice and subsequently an eviction order under Section 7 of the …
Murlidhar Shyamlal, a vendor, was charged under Section 7 read with Section 16 of the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 for selling adulterated mustard oil. The trial court acquitted him, but the Assam High Court convicted him, relying on the absence of a proper warranty. The vendor argued …
The appellant filed a partition suit in 1988, after which the respondents claimed ownership of the property by virtue of a gift deed executed and registered in 1978. In 1992 the appellant sought to amend the plaint under Order 6 Rule 17 of the CPC to obtain a declaration that the gift deed was …
The appellants, government servants who continued in service beyond the normal superannuation age due to a fluctuation in the retirement age, claimed that their pension should be calculated on the basis of the age of 60, including the residue period they served. The State argued that pension should …
Two minor boys were illegally detained by police to coerce a criminal suspect. The Supreme Court ordered the police to file counter‑affidavits denying the detention, but the affidavits were later found to be false and the signature of Superintendent M.S. Ahlawat was forged by a head constable on …
The petitioners, hereditary trustees of several Hindu charitable and religious institutions in Andhra Pradesh, challenged Sections 15, 16, 17, 29(5) and 144 of the Andhra Pradesh Charitable and Hindu Religious Institutions and Endowments Act, 1987, alleging violations of Articles 14, 15, 25 and 26 …
Three income‑tax appeals before the Hyderabad Bench of the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal (ITAT) involved a common question of law under section 115‑J of the Income Tax Act. The President of the ITAT, exercising his power under section 255(3), constituted a Special Bench of three members to hear the …
The dispute arose from a leasehold property originally owned by a Tarwad, which was taken by an ex parte decree in 1942 and sold at a court auction to the decree‑holder Mohammed Haji. The decree‑holder subsequently leased the land to Raghavan Nair, whose rights were later assigned to P.K. Abdulla, …
Ram Avtar, a Mali‑cum‑Chowkidar employed by Haryana Warehousing Corporation, was stopped at the efficiency bar for the years 1988 and 1989 and faced adverse remarks in his 1986‑87 confidential report. He challenged the orders through writ petitions; the High Court dismissed the first petition but …
The case concerned a partition suit over land originally owned by Ummini, whose five sisters inherited his interest and executed an Ottikuzhikanam deed in favour of the first defendant. The first defendant later released his interest to the second defendant, who also obtained a sale deed from a man …
The Uttar Pradesh Jal Nigam acquired 0.23 acres of land for a pumping station by publishing a Section 4(1) notification on 8 March 1973, taking possession on 5 July 1973 and issuing a Section 6 declaration on 9 October 1973. The respondent, Kalra Properties, purchased the land in 1989 after the …
The appeal arose from an order of the Karnataka Administrative Tribunal rejecting a service matter involving P.S. Ramakrishna. The appellant argued that a notice sent on 28 September 1993, which was returned marked “Not present”, should be deemed served on the respondent. The Tribunal had not …
The Commissioner of Commercial Tax appealed against an Andhra Pradesh Administrative Tribunal order that held Rule 22 of the State and Subordinate Service Rules did not apply to appointments by promotion for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. The Supreme Court examined Rule 5 of the A.P. …
The State of Karnataka and the Union of India issued a notification under Section 4(1) of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 to acquire 114 acres for the Defence Research & Development Organisation, dispensing with the enquiry under Section 5A by invoking Section 17(4) and publishing a declaration under …
The Supreme Court examined an appeal by the State of Tamil Nadu against a Madras High Court order that had quashed a notification under Section 4(1) of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894, on the ground that it was vague because the development scheme was not fully formulated. The Court held that a …
Cholamandalam Investments & Finance Co. Pvt. Ltd. filed a suit in the Madras High Court for recovery of money under a hire‑purchase agreement that contained a clause granting exclusive jurisdiction to Madras courts. Radhika Synthetics Ltd. later instituted a suit in the Bombay High Court claiming …
The landlord, Ram Saran, let a shop to a tenant who later formed a registered society, Mahavir Gram Udyog Samiti, comprising himself and his family, and began paying rent through the society as its President. The landlord sought eviction under Section 14 of the Himachal Pradesh Urban Rent Control …
Delhi Cloth & General Mills Ltd. and another established a fertiliser unit in the villages of Raipura and Ummedganj, which were treated as part of Kota municipality and were levied octroi. The State of Rajasthan later issued a Kota Municipal Limits (Continued Existence) Validating Act, 1975 that …
The State of Punjab appealed the acquittal of Gurmit Singh and two others for abduction, wrongful confinement and rape of a minor girl. The trial court had disbelieved the prosecutrix, citing her ignorance of car details, alleged delay in filing the FIR, and alleged family enmity. The Supreme Court …
The case concerned the seniority of Assistant Executive Engineers (formerly Junior Engineers) in Andhra Pradesh's Public Health & Municipal Engineering Department. After the 1970 ban on direct recruitment, temporary and ad‑hoc appointments were made, followed by a Special Qualification Test (SQT) in …
The deceased, Rajadurai, was riding a motorcycle when a bus collided with him after he swerved to avoid a car, resulting in his death. The Tribunal awarded Rs. 1,00,000 compensation, reducing it by 40% for the deceased's contributory negligence, leaving Rs. 60,000 payable. The Madras High Court …
The Special Land Acquisition Officer sought to acquire 1 acre 6 guntas of land for defence purposes. The land was requisitioned in 1965 and rentals were fixed at Rs 4 per sq ft under the Acquisition and Requisition of Immovable Property Act, 1952. The Collector’s award under the Land Acquisition …
The Supreme Court examined a civil appeal challenging a preliminary decree for partition of the Konchukakkada property. The trial court had placed the burden of proof on the plaintiffs, a view corrected by the appellate court, but the appellate court failed to properly consider key documentary …
The State of Madhya Pradesh acquired land belonging to Hiralal and others and the respondents claimed compensation under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 as amended by Act 68 of 1984, which purported to provide enhanced compensation and solatium. The High Court had allowed their claim, but the State …
The case concerned compensation for land acquired under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 for a telephone exchange in Narasaraopet. The acquisition officer initially awarded Rs 40 per square yard, which was enhanced to Rs 75 per square yard by the Subordinate Judge on the basis of four sale deeds …
The State acquired land in Etmadpur Village under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 and the Collector awarded compensation under Section 11. Ramesh Singh and Hari Singh sought a reference under Section 18, which was dismissed, while Ruma Singh obtained a higher award after a reference and a decree …
The case concerned an appeal by Improvement Trust, Sangrur against Gurjjt Singh Sandhu and others under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894. The dispute centered on whether the respondents were entitled to the additional amount provided under Section 23(1A) of the Act, as amended by Act 68 of 1984. The …
The second respondent, who held an M.Sc. in Medical Biochemistry and worked as a professor, applied to be entered in the State Medical Register but was denied because he lacked an MBBS degree. He obtained a writ order from the Rajasthan High Court directing his registration, which was later set …
The case concerned Smt. Nutan Arvind, a Central Civil Services officer who was not included in the promotion panel prepared by the Departmental Promotion Committee (DPC) for a vacancy that arose before 12 May 1988. The appellant contended that the DPC had wrongly applied the post‑May 1988 …
The Madras Race Club, a company that conducts horse races, challenged the Tamil Nadu Horse Races (Abolition and Wagering or Betting) Act, 1974 and the Madras Race Club (Acquisition and Transfer of Undertakings) Act, 1986. The Court held that horse racing is a game of "mere skill" under Section 49 of …
The plaintiffs, sons of the deceased Panditrao and his alleged wife Shevantabai, sued for an injunction to protect their possession of a 3.18‑hectare property, claiming they were legal heirs. The trial court accepted the admission that Shevantabai lived with Panditrao as his wife, applied the legal …
The appellant, Saral Kumar, challenged the validity of Sections 37 and 38 of the Haryana Sales Tax Act. The High Court had already struck down Section 38, a decision affirmed by the Supreme Court, and Section 37 had been upheld in earlier cases. The Supreme Court clarified the requirement under …
The Supreme Court considered appeals filed by the Union of India against High Court orders directing the appointment of an arbitrator under Section 8(1)(b) of the Requisitioning and Acquisition of Immovable Property Act, 1952. The claimants had not raised any objections to the arbitrator's award …
The appellant, R.C. Chawla, was allotted a residential plot by the Haryana Urban Development Authority (HUDA) on the condition that it not be used for commercial purposes. He allegedly used the premises for commercial activity, prompting HUDA to issue a resumption order. The appellant submitted an …
The respondents, engineers of the Haryana Public Works Department, were given notional promotions based on a seniority list prepared under Rule 9 of the 1970 Service Engineers Rules, with a deemed promotion date of 1 January 1983, but they only assumed the higher posts on 1 December 1992. They filed …
The Bank of Baroda obtained a money decree against R.M. Patwa for Rs 55,000 with interest and filed an execution application. Patwa sought, under Section 151 CPC, to have amounts crediting a third‑party, G.K. Kakkani, adjusted against his decree debt. The Additional District Judge ordered such …
The appellant, Sam Hiring Co., a tenant occupying a shed in City Survey No. 56, challenged the acquisition of its premises under the Maharashtra Housing and Area Development Act, 1976, arguing that the structure was an independent, non‑cess‑payable building and therefore exempt from demolition. It …
The appellant filed a suit for declaration of title to a property and simultaneously applied under Order 39 Rules 1 and 2 of the CPC for a temporary injunction to protect his possession. The trial court granted the injunction, but the High Court reversed the order, holding that where there is no …
The Supreme Court examined the handcuffing of under‑trial prisoners, members of the Khedut Mazdoor Chetna Sangath, while being transferred between jail and court, which was done without written authorisation from a magistrate as required by Madhya Pradesh Police Regulation 465. Earlier Supreme Court …
The Supreme Court considered applications filed by the revenue challenging certain observations made in its earlier judgment in the appeals of Kerala Financial Corporation and others. The contested observations (paras 9‑15) held that when advances are written off and become bad debts, the assessee …
The appellant, the Commissioner of Income Tax, challenged the Bombay High Court’s order quashing a notice issued under s.263 of the Income Tax Act against Chowgule & Co. Ltd., an exporter of iron ore whose export proceeds were credited in rupees by an Indian bank. The issue was whether Rule 115 of …
The State of Jammu & Kashmir appealed against a High Court order that had refused to condone a three‑month delay in filing an appeal against a promotion order for certain lecturers. The lecturers had been appointed on a regular basis but had not completed the seven years of regular service required …
The appellant, who had obtained possession of certain plots in New Delhi, filed a suit for a mandatory injunction against the third respondent, which became final. Subsequently, the appellant and the first two respondents each purchased a one‑third share of the property, leading to a partition suit …
The State of Karnataka filed a land acquisition proceeding against B.S. Nanjundaiah under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894. A notification under Section 4(1) was published on 6 December 1973 and a declaration under Section 6 on 3 February 1975, but the respondent challenged them for lack of an enquiry …
The appellants, Naranbhai Patel and another, became deemed purchasers of agricultural land under Section 32 of the Bombay Tenancy & Agricultural Lands Act, 1948, effective 1 April 1957. The respondent, the former landowner, executed a trust deed and registered it under the Bombay Public Trusts Act, …
The petitioners, private bus operators, sought to ply their vehicles on routes intersecting notified routes, invoking a modification under Section 102(2) of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 that relaxes the distance restriction to 25 kilometres. The State Government had issued a notification allowing …
Dr. Ramesh Prasad, a teacher at Moti Lal Nehru Medical College (a college maintained by the Uttar Pradesh Government), filed a writ petition seeking to remain in service until the age of 60, the superannuation age prescribed for university teachers under the U.P. State University Act. The Allahabad …
The State of Bihar prepared a panel of 273 candidates for Assistant Teacher posts under the 1975 Bihar Government Assistant Teachers Service Encadrement Appointment and Transfer Rules. While 98 candidates were appointed (91 joined), the remaining candidates were placed on a waiting list. The High …
The Church of South India Trust Association (CSITA) claimed that the Telugu Church Council (TCC) had merged into the Church of South India in 1947 and therefore the properties transferred to CSITA were held in trust. TCC contested the merger and sought declaration of its continued existence. Earlier …
Karumanda Gounder appealed against a High Court order that upheld the sale of a parcel of land originally gifted by his brother Komaraswamy Gounder to a third party and then sold to Muthuswamy Gounder. Karumanda claimed the land was joint family property and that his brother, being a "mild lunatic," …
S.S. Uppal, a State civil servant, was selected for absorption into the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) against a non‑state quota. Although his name appeared in a panel for a vacancy that arose on 1‑Feb‑1989, he was actually appointed on 15‑Feb‑1989, after the seniority rules were amended on …
The dispute concerned ownership of certain properties and was referred to arbitration, resulting in an award on 26 February 1986. Neither party applied to file the award in court within the 30‑day period prescribed by Article 119 of the Limitation Act, 1963. Six years later, the arbitrator himself …
Syam Sunder Agarwal & Co. entered into a contract with the Union of India, which later gave rise to an arbitration award of Rs. 6,72,645.56 in favour of the appellant. The award was made a rule of court by the Assistant to the Deputy Commissioner, Shillong, and the Union of India appealed the award …
The Supreme Court examined appeals by four accused convicted of murder, rioting and related offences under the IPC and Arms Act. The prosecution case rested on eye‑witness testimony of close relatives of the deceased, who were present at the scene when the accused allegedly assaulted the victim and, …
The National Human Rights Commission filed a writ petition under Article 32 on behalf of about 65,000 Chakma refugees settled in Arunachal Pradesh, alleging persecution, quit notices and threats of eviction by the All Arunachal Pradesh Students Union. The Chakmas had applied for Indian citizenship …
The State of Maharashtra entered into a construction contract with National Construction Co. and obtained a performance guarantee from the Central Bank of India. When the contractor abandoned the work, the State sued the bank alone for the guaranteed amount; the suit was dismissed for non‑joinder of …
The Union of India leased a site in a reserved forest in the Union Territory of Daman to Kamath Holiday Resorts for a snack bar and restaurant. The Conservator of Forests objected, invoking Section 2 of the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980, which restricts de‑reservation or non‑forest use of forest …
The appellant, Mis National Aluminium Co. Ltd., sought to enforce its right as a beneficiary of compensation under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894, in pending proceedings before the Sub‑Judge of Angul. The respondents, Raj Kishore @ Sahu Jena and others, were served notice but failed to appear. The …
The Ghaziabad Development Authority (GDA) acquired land by issuing a notification under Section 4(1) of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 on 25‑02‑1986 and a declaration under Section 6 on 26‑02‑1986, both of which were published together on 10‑04‑1986. The respondents challenged the acquisition, …
The dispute involved Bhoomidari rights over 38.25 acres in a village undergoing consolidation under the U.P. Consolidation of Holdings Act, where the Gaon Sabha objected to the appellants' entries in revenue records. The Consolidation Officer ordered expunction of the appellants' names, and the …
The appellants were charged under the IPC and Sections 3(1) and 3(2)(i) of the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act (TADA) for setting fire to a house during the 1993 Bombay riots, resulting in many deaths. The Designated Court denied bail, and the appellants contended that because …
Dr. B.S. Panchal was arrested under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (NDPS) Act on 8 November 1993. Both the City Sessions Judge and the Gujarat High Court denied his bail applications, relying on Section 37 of the NDPS Act and the precedent set in Narcotics Control Bureau v. Kishan …
Kalinga Tubes Ltd., a steel tube manufacturer, was assessed for central sales tax for the year 1962-63. The Sales Tax Officer demanded Rs 11,02,698 in 1966, which the Sales Tax Tribunal reduced to Rs 2,22,161 in 1970. The assessee claimed this amount as a deduction under Section 37 of the Income‑Tax …
The respondent, a government employee, was terminated from service, an order later set aside, leading to a claim for reinstatement and back wages. The Supreme Court examined whether the respondent was entitled to salary for the intervening period during which he was gainfully employed elsewhere, and …
The Supreme Court examined an appeal by the Secretary to the Government of Andhra Pradesh against a decision of the Andhra Pradesh Administrative Tribunal concerning junior college lecturers. The issue was whether these lecturers were entitled to a compensatory allowance during holidays and leave …
The appellants purchased Bhumiswami rights of tribal land from Somu Gond in 1960. Section 165(6) of the Madhya Pradesh Revenue Code requires prior permission from a Collector before such alienation to a non‑tribal person, and no permission was obtained. The Board of Revenue held the sale void, a …
The Supreme Court considered an appeal by Ramesh Chandra Tiwar and another against the U.P. Avas Evam Vikas Parishad concerning land acquisition under the U.P. Avas Evam Vikas Parishad Adhiniyam, 1965. The key issue was whether Section 6 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 and the 1984 Amendment Act …
A.J. Joseph, a Head Compounder posted in the Andaman & Nicobar Islands, appealed against the Government's refusal to grant him a higher scale of pay under Fundamental Rule 9(25) clause 7(iii). The Central Administrative Tribunal had held that prescribing a higher pay scale was a policy decision …
The manager of a village cooperative Samiti (the second respondent) was dismissed on charges of embezzlement. Claiming that the dismissal order was never served, he filed a civil suit for injunction, which was later withdrawn, and also lodged a complaint under Section 28‑A of the Rajasthan Shops and …
The assessee, Park Hotel Ltd., held leasehold interests in several premises and sub‑leased a portion to an associated company, Surrendra Overseas Ltd., under an unregistered deed. Rental income received by Surrendra was claimed to be taxable in its hands as income from house property, which it …
The appellant‑Commissioner of Income Tax appealed against the Calcutta High Court’s decision that the assessment of Manoharlal Gupta & Co. as an unregistered firm for AY 1961‑62 was improper. The firm had been assessed by one Income‑Tax Officer (ITO‑C) while a partner, Manoharlal Gupta, had earlier …
Inspector Dharamveer of the Border Security Force was murdered on 26 October 1990 by the accused, Nazir Ahmed Sheikh. The accused was arrested on 8 March 1991 and a charge‑sheet was filed on 6 March 1992. The issue before the Court was whether the charge‑sheet was filed within the one‑year …
Around 300 acres of agricultural land in Belgaum were requisitioned in 1942 for an Air Force station. The acquisition notification was issued only in 1983 and the Land Acquisition Officer fixed compensation at Rs.6,000 per acre, which the civil court enhanced to Rs.70,400 per acre using a …
The appellant, VAZIR GLASS WORKS Ltd., sought closure of its loss‑making factory under s.25‑0(1) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, but the Maharashtra Government rejected the application on 12‑Oct‑1992. The company filed a review application under s.25‑0(5) within the one‑year period, which …
The appellant, a Syrian Catholic (a forward caste) married a Latin Catholic fisherman (a backward class) and was appointed as a lecturer to a post reserved for Latin Catholics under Articles 15(4) and 16(4) of the Constitution. The appointment was challenged on the ground that she was not entitled …
The Textile Processors' Association filed a Special Leave Petition before the Supreme Court challenging a Gujarat High Court order that directed its member industries to pay 1% of their gross turnover towards pollution control, despite many of the industries not yet being operational and incurring …
The appellant, Rajbir Singh, challenged the inter-se seniority between himself and M.P. Sharma, who had been appointed to an additional post as a general candidate. The High Court had dismissed the writ petition without addressing the seniority issue because Sharma was not made a party to the …
The appellants were served a notice under Section 340 of the Criminal Procedure Code for prosecution under Sections 194 and 195 of the Indian Penal Code, alleging that they had fabricated a false case against two elderly women. The Sessions Judge relied on statements recorded under Section 161 CrPC …
The Supreme Court entertained a public‑interest writ under Article 32 filed by Common Cause seeking remedial measures for the serious deficiencies in India’s blood‑banking system. A 1990 consultancy report highlighted widespread unlicensed banks, reliance on professional donors, inadequate testing, …
Indian Shaving Products Ltd., the parent of the sick subsidiary Sharp Edge Ltd., obtained BIFR approval for an amalgamation scheme under the Sick Industrial Companies (Special Provisions) Act, 1985, but BIFR refused to grant the tax benefit under Section 72A of the Income Tax Act. The appellant …
The dispute arose over the lease of the Opera House, a cinema building in Bangalore, which included fittings, furniture and some machinery but excluded projectors, amplifiers, screen and speakers. After a series of lease deeds spanning from 1944 to the 1970s, the respondents sought eviction of the …
The respondents were daily‑wage workers engaged on a muster‑roll under a Central Scheme and were paid from Central Government funds. After the scheme was completed and closed due to lack of funds, their services were terminated. They filed a writ petition in the Himachal Pradesh High Court, which …
The respondents were daily‑wage workers engaged on a muster‑roll under a Central Government scheme in Himachal Pradesh. After the project was completed and closed due to lack of funds, they were dismissed. They filed a writ petition in the Himachal Pradesh High Court, which issued an interim …
The case concerned a sale of immovable property belonging to a Muslim minor, whose father had died. The mother, acting as guardian, executed the sale to the appellant in 1949. The question before the Supreme Court was whether, under Muslim law, the mother could be a legal guardian of the minor’s …
The appellant Cantonment Board issued notices under Sections 85, 256 and 185 of the Cantonment Act, 1924 demanding demolition of illegal construction on the respondent’s property. The respondent continued construction, filed a representation, and later filed a writ petition alleging violation of …
Sikh Newspaper Ltd., a newspaper company, was unable to function due to a deadlock among its shareholders. The Supreme Court had earlier ordered an arbitrator to determine the genuine shareholders as of 10‑Nov‑1987 and to fix a date for a general body meeting, directing the company to convene the …
The appellant was appointed temporarily as a medical officer in March 1966, then drafted as a commissioned officer in the Army during a national emergency, and later regularized as a Civil Assistant Surgeon on 6 September 1966. The respondents were appointed temporarily on 29 September 1964 and …
The case arose from a decree of the trial court directing the defendants to remove a wall that obstructed the plaintiffs' light and air, with a requirement to maintain a three‑foot setback from the northern wall. The appellants argued that the decree, if given a literal meaning, required demolition …
M.L. Jaggi challenged three telephone bills issued by Mahanagar Telephones Nigam Ltd. The dispute was referred to arbitration under Section 7B of the Indian Telegraph Act, 1985, which makes the arbitrator's award conclusive and not open to court challenge. The arbitrator awarded the bills with a …
The respondent, an Agriculture Engineer, was alleged to have committed misconduct and, after retiring on superannuation on 31 July 1982, a disciplinary inquiry was initiated on 28 July 1984. He challenged the jurisdiction of the Government to prosecute a retired servant, arguing that the Governor …
The appellant, an association of small‑scale Khair‑wood based industries, challenged a government policy that imposed a complete ban on registration of such units after 11 December 1986, arguing that it discriminated against units registered after that date and violated Article 14 of the …
The Supreme Court considered appeals by the Deputy Director (Minerals), Dalantgunj Circle and related officials against a Patna High Court order directing them to appoint candidates for Class III and IV posts from a list prepared by the Deputy Commissioner/District Magistrate. The appellants argued …
The Punjab State Electricity Board (PSU) was directed to consider the promotion of Sawinder Singh as on 14 November 1986, after the Board had abolished its quota system and adopted a seniority‑cum‑merit principle. The Board appealed, arguing that the date of consideration was irrelevant because the …
