COAL MINES P.F. COMMR. THR. BOARD OF TRUSTEEversusRAMESH CHANDRA JHA

                    [2012] 2 S.C.R. 887


 COAL MINES P.F. COMMR. THR. BOARD OF TRUSTEE                    A
                              v.
                  RAMESH CHANDRA JHA
                (Civil Appeal No. 41 of 2012)
                     JANUARY 4, 2012
                                                                 B
 [ALTAMAS KABIR, SURINDER SINGH NIJJAR AND J.
              CHELAMESWAR, JJ.]

      Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - ss. 2(17) and 80 and
 Order XXVll Rule 5A - Appellant is the Coal Mines Provident     C
 Fund Commissioner through the Board of Trustees,
 constituted u/s.3 of the Coal Mines Provident Fund and
 Miscellaneous Provisions Act, CMPF Organisation -
 Respondent, an employee in Coal Mines Provident Fund
 Organisation [CMPFO], removed from service - He filed suit      D
challenging his removal from service - Preliminary issue
framed in the suit as to whether in the absence of notice ul
s. 80 CPC, the suit was maintainable - Matter brought upto
 Supreme Court which held that appellant-Coal Mines
Provident Fund Commissioner is a "public officer" within         E
meaning of s.2(17) CPC and that notice u/s.80 was required
to be given to him before the suit was filed by the Respondent
- Respondent withdrew his suit and filed a fresh suit after
serving notice upon the appellant uls. 80 CPC - Suit decreed
- First Appellate Court held that since the Coal Mines           F
Provident Fund Commissioner was a public officer under the
Union of India so as to attract the provisions of Order XXVll
Rule 5A and s. 79 of CPC, the suit was bad for non-joinder of
the Union of India which was a necessary party- Respondent
filed Second Appeal which was allowed by the High Court -
Held: The judgment of the High Court does not require any        G
interference, particularly when the issue raised has already
been decided by Supreme Court, wherein it was categorically
held that the Coal Mines Provident Fund Commissioner is a
"public servant" within the meaning of s.2(17) CPC - In view
 ·                           887                                 H
    888     SUPREME COURT REPORTS                 [2012) 2 S.C.R.


A of tl1e aforesaid finding regarding the status of the Coal Mines
  Provident Fund Commissioner, the First Appellate Court erred
  in reversing the finding of the Trial Court on this score - It was
  not open to the First Appellate Court to re-open the question
  which had been decided by Supreme Court, at least on the
B same submissions which had been made earlier that though
  the officer concerned was an employee of the Central
  Government, he no longer enjoyed the said status when he
  was discharging the functions of the Chairman of the Board
  of Trustees of the Coal Mines Provident Fund Scheme - Coal
c Mines Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act -
  s.3.

      The appellant is the Coal Mines Provident Fund
  Commissioner through the Board of Trustees, constituted
  under Section 3 of the Coal Mines Provident Fund and
D Miscellaneous Provisions Act, CMPF Organisation. The
  Respondent, a Lower Division Clerk in the service of the
  Coal Mines Provident Fund Organisation [CMPFO], was
  removed from service.

E      Challenging his removal from service, the
  Respondent filed Title Suit No.78 of 1979. A preliminary
  issue was framed in the suit as to whether in the absence
  of notice under Section 80 CPC, the suit was
  maintainable. Aggrieved, Respondent filed Civil Revision
F in the High Court, which held that since the Appellant was
  not a "public officer" as defined in CPC, no notice under
  Section 80 was required to be served upon him before
  the suit was filed and held the suit to be maintainable. The
  appeUant, thereafter, brought the matter to this Court and
G in Civil Appeal No.1932 of 1982 this Court reversed the
  finding of the Appellate Authority upon holding that the
  appellant-Coal Mines Provident Fund Commissioner is a
  "public officer" within the meaning of Section 2(17) of
  CPC and that notice under Section 80 was required to be
H given to him before the suit was filed by the Respondent.
 COAL MINES P.F. COMMR. THR. BOARD OF TRUSTEE 889
            v. RAMESH CHANDRA JHA
      Subsequently, Respondent withdrew his Title Suit A
  No.78of1979 and filed a fresh suit being Title Suit No.102
· of 1990 after serving notice upon the Appellant under
  Section 80 CPC. The suit was decreed in favour of the
  Respondent. The appellant preferred Title Appeal. The_
  First Appellate Court held that since the Coal Mines B
  Provident Fund Commissioner was a public officer under
  the Union of India so as to attract the provisions of Order
  XXVll Rule SA and Section 79 of CPC, the suit was bad
  for non-joinder of the Union of India which was a·
  necessary party. Aggrieved, the Respondent filed c
  Second Appeal which was allowed by the High Court.
  Hence the present appeal.

     Dismissing the appeal, the Court

      HELD: The judgment and order of the High Court D
 does not req4ire any interference, particularly when the
 issue raised in this appeal has already been decided by
 this Court in Civil Appeal No.1932of1982, wherein it was
 categorically held that the Coal Mines Provident Fund
 Commissioner is a "public servant" within the meaning E
 of Section 2(17) of CPC. The First Suit filed by the
 Respondent, being Title Suit No.78 of 1979, was
 withdrawn on the ground that it had been held that a
 notice under Section 80 of the Code was necessary since
 the Coal Mines Provident Fund Commissioner was a F
 public servant and, thereafter, a second suit, being Title
 Suit No.102 of 1990, was filed by the Respondent upon
 due notice to the Coal Mines Provident Fund
 Commissioner. In view of the aforesaid finding regarding
 the status of the Coal Mines Provident Fund G
 ~ommissioner, the First Appellate Court erred in reversing
 the finding of the Trial Court on this score. It was not open
 to the First Appellate Court to re-open the question which
 had been decided by this Court, at least on the same
 submissions which had been made earlier that though
 the officer concerned was an employee of the Central H
    890      SUPREME COURT REPORTS               [2012] 2 S.C.R.


A   Government, he no longer enjoyed the said status when
    he was discharging the functions of the Chairman of the
    Board of Trustees of the Coal Mines Provident Fund
    Scheme. [Para 13] [895-E-H; 896-A-B]

         R.P.F. Commissioner v. Shiv Kumar Joshi AIR 2000 SC
8
    331: 1999 (5) Suppl. SCR 294 and Steel Authority of India
    Ltd. & Ors. v. National Union Waterfront Workers and Ors.
    2001 (7) SCC 1: 2001 (2) Suppl. SCR 343 - cited.

                          Case Law Reference:
c         1999 (5) Suppl. SCR 294       cited          Para 10

          2001 (2) Suppl. SCR 343       cited          Para 10

         CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 41
D   of 2012.

        From the Judgment & Order dated 21.12.2010 of the High
    Court of Jharkhand at Ranchi in Second Appeal No. 134 of
    2005.
    ;


E         Sunil Kumar, Mona K. Rajvanshi for the Appellant.

          Ramesh Chandra Jha Respondent-In-Person.

          The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

F         ALTAMAS KABIR, J. 1. Leave granted.

       2. The appellant herein is the Coal Mines Provident Fund
  Commissioner through the Board of Trustees, constituted under
  Section 3 of the Coal Mines Provident Fund and Miscellaneous
G Provisions Act, CMPF Organisation, Dhanbad. The
  Respondent was appointed as a Lower Division Clerk on 16th
  January, 1967, by the Chief Commissioner in the service of the
  Coal Mines Provident Fund Organisation, hereinafter referred
  to as 'CMPFO'. In connection with the forcible occupation of a
  Type Ill quarter, a departmental proceeding was commenced
H against the Respondent and on 16th March, 1979, on being
COAL MINES P.F. COMMR THR. BOARD OF TRUSTEE 891
   v. RAMESH CHANDRA JHA [ALTAMAS KABIR, J.)

found guilty of the charge framed against him, the Respondent      A
was removed from service.

      3. Challenging his removal from service, the Respondent
filed Title Suit No.78of1979 in the Court of Munsif at Dhanbad.
Simultaneously, the Respondent also filed an appeal before the     B
Appellate Authority under Regulation 37 of the Staff
Regulations, which was dismissed on 4th March, 1980.

     4. Meanwhile, in the suit, the learned Munsif, Dhanbad
(Jharkhand) framed a preliminary issue in Suit No.78 of 1979
as to whether in the absence of notice under Section 80 of the C
Code of Civil Procedure, the suit was maintainable? Aggrieved
by the said order, the Respondent filed Civil Revision No.341
of 1980(R) in the Ranchi Bench of the Patna High Court, which
held that since the Appellant was not a "public officer" as
defined in the Code of Civil Procedure, no notice under Section D
80 was required to be served upon him before the suit was filed.
By its order dated 7th September, 1981, the Ranchi Bench of
the Patna High Court set aside the findings of the learned Munsif
and held the suit to be maintainable. The Appellant, thereafter,
brought the matter to this Court and in Civil Appeal No.1932 of E
1982 this Court by its judgment dated 31st January, 1990,
reversed the finding of the Appellate Authority upon holding that
the Coal Mines Provident Fund Commissioner is a "public
officer" within the meaning of Section 2(17) of the aforesaid
Code. It was, therefore, settled upto this Court that the Appellant F
herein was a public officer and that notice under Section 80 was
required to be given to him before the suit was filed by the
Respondent.

     5. On account of the above decision of this Court, on 15th
February, 2002, the Respondent withdrew his Title Suit No.78       G
of 1979 and filed a fresh suit being Title Suit No.102 of 1990
after serving notice upon the Appellant under Section 80 CPC.
The Appellant contested the suit which was decreed in favour
of the Respondent on 15th February, 2002, by the Second
Munsif, Dhanbad, declaring the removal of the Respondent from      H
    892      SUPREME COURT REPORTS                   [2012] 2 S.C.R.


A service to be arbitrary and in violation of the principles of natural
  justice and the provisions of Article 311 of the Constitution.
  Holding the same not to be binding on the Respondent/Plaintiff,
  the Munsif declared that the Respondent would be deemed to
  be in continuous service in the CMPF Organisation under the
B Appellant, together with all benefits and privileges.

       6. Aggrieved by the order of the learned Munsif decreeing
  the Respondent's Title Suit No.102 of 1990, the Appellant
  preferred Title Appeal No.29 of 2002 before the Court of Xlllth
C Additional District Judge, Dhanbad. In the said Appeal, the
  Respondent herein raised the question as to whether the suit
  of the Respondent was bad for non-joinder of the Union of India
  which was a necessary party in the suit? Accepting the
  contention of the Appellant, the First Appellate Court held that
  since the Coal Mines Provident Fund Commissioner was a
D public officer under the Union of India so as to attract the
  provisions of Order XX.VII Rule 5A and Section 79 of the Code
  of Civil Procedure, the suit was bad for non-joinder of the Union
  of India which was a necessary party. The Xlllth Additional
  District Judge, Dhanbad, accordingly, set aside the order of the ·
E learned Munsif, Second Court, Dhanbad, in Title Suit No.102
  of 1990 by its judgment and order dated 16th February, 2005.

       7. Aggrieved by the order of the First Appellate Authority,
  the Respondent filed Second Appeal No.134 of 2005 before
F the Jharkhand High Court at Ranchi. Four years later, on 15th
  June, 2009, since the Respondent had not delivered vacant
  possession of the quarters in his possession, the Estate Officer,
  by lhis order dated 15th June, 2009, gave the Respondent 15
  days' time to vacate the suit premises along with other
G members of his family. The Respondent, however, did not
  vacate the quarters as directed, whereupon the Appellant filed
  I.A No.1871 of 2009 in the Second Appeal No.134 of 2005
  pending before the High Court, for a direction upon the
  Respondent to vacate the quarters occupied by him. On 24th
H August, 2009, the Respondent, through his counsel, gave an
 COAL MINES PF. COMMR THR. BOARD OF TRUSTEE 893
    v. RAMESH CHANDRA JHA [ALTAMAS KABIR, J.]
undertaking to vacate the quarters by 30th November, 2009.           A
In addition, the Estate Officer passed an order in the execution
proceedings on 28th August, 2009, for eviction of the
Respondent from the quarters in question. On his failure to
honour the undertaking given by him to vacate the suit premises,
the High Court took strong exception to the violation of the         B
undertaking given by the Respondent and initiated fresh
contempt proceedings against him and ordered the
Superintendent of Police, Dhanbad, to get the quarters vacated
and to hand over vacant possession of the same to the
competent authority of the CMPFO, Dhanbad within 48 hours            c
of the receipt of the order. On 19th February, 2010, the High
Court heard the contempt case when it was informed that the
Respondent had vacated the quarters and had handed over the
keys to the concerned authorities on 17th February, 2010.

     8. It is necessary to indicate at this stage that Second        D
Appeal No.134 of 2006, which had been filed by the
Respondent, was admitted on the substantial question of law
as to whether the Lower Appellate Court had committed a
serious error in dismissing the Respondent/Plaintiff's suit on the
ground of non-joinder of the Union of India thereby upsetting the    E
judgment and decree of the Trial Court without deciding the
question as to whether the Coal Mines Provident Fund
Commissioner is a public officer under the Union of India so
as to attract the provisions of Order XXVll Rule SA of the Code
of Civil Procedure.                                                  F

      9. Appearing in support of the Appeal, Mr. J.P. Singh,
learned Senior Advocate, urged that the High Court had not
properly answered the aforesaid question ignoring the fact that
earlier this Court had in Civil Appeal No.1932 of 1982 between       G
the same parties, categorically decided that the Coal Mines
Provident Fund Commissioner, though functioning as the
Chairman of the Board of Trustees constituted under paragraph
3 of the Coal Mines Provident Fund Act, is a public officer and
was, therefore, required to be made a party in the proceedings       H
                                         -


    894      SUPREME COURT REPORTS                 [2012] 2 S.C.R.


A under Order XXVll Rule SA of the Code of Civil Procedure,
  which, inter alia, provides as follows :-

          "Order 27 Rule SA - To be joined as a party in suit
          against a public officer. - Where a suit is instituted
          against a public officer for damages or other relief in
B
          respect of any act alleged to have been done by him in
          his official capacity, the Government shall be joined as a
          party to the suit."

         Mr. J.P. Singh urged that since this Court had already
C decided the issue, there was no further need for the High Court
    to go into the question once again and decide the same in a
    manner which was contrary to the law declared by this Court.
    Mr. Singh submitted that this was in blatant violation of the
    principles of hierarchy of Courts and also the binding nature of
D the judgments of the Supreme Court in terms of Article 141 of
    the Constitution of India. Learned counsel submitted that this
  . was a fit. case where· the order of the High Court was liable to
    be set aside since the provisions of Order XXVll Rule SA of
    the Code of Civil Procedure were squarely attracted to the facts
E of the case.
        10. The Respondent, who appeared in-person, urged that
  notwithstanding the earlier decision of this Court in which the
  Coal Mines Provident Fund Commissioner had been held to
  be a public officer, such a stand was contrary to the other
F decisions of this Court in (1) R.P.F. Commissioner Vs. Shiv
  Kumar Joshi [AIR 2000 SC 331) and (2) Steel Authority of
  India Ltd. & Ors. Vs. National Union Waterfront Workers and
  Ors. [2001 (7) SCC 1), wherein it had been held that the
  Regional Provident Fund Commissioner under the Employees
G Provident Fund Act and the Employees Provident Fund
  Scheme, 19S2, is not a public officer, though it discharges
  statutory functions for running the Scheme. It was also observed
  that the Board of Trustees had not in any way been delegated
  with the sovereign powers of the State even if it is held that
H administrative charges were payable by the Central
  COAL MiNES P.F. COMMR. THR. BOARD OF.iTRUSTEE 895
     v. RAMESH CHANDRA JHA [ALTAMAS KABIR, J.]

 Government. The Respondent urged that the Jinding .of ;the A
 lower Appellate Court holding the suit to be bad for nondoinder
 of the Union of India as a party in the Appeal, was p.atently
 erroneous, contrary to law and unsustainable. Consequently, the
 order of the learned lower Appellate Court was·s.etaside and
 the judgment and decree of the Trial Court in'Titte:Suit No.102 B
 of 1990 was restored.                             ''"'<;' .:c; :, .-i
       11. Challenging the order of the learned.Single Judge of
 the Jharkhand High Court, the Appellant herein filed,Second
 Appeal No.134 of 2005, which was ultimately allowed:andJhe C
 finding of the lower Appellate Court that the suit was· bad for
 non-joinder of the Union of India as a party was helc:MO' be
 erroneous and was liable to be set aside.               . · o ,;;_,q
                                                             1 ct ·11
       12. As indicated hereinbefore, it is the said judgmentand
 order of the High Court of Jharkhand which is the subject matter D
 of the present Civil Appeal.

        13. Having considered the submissions made on behalf
  of the Appellant and the Respondent appearing in-person, we
  are of the view that the judgment and order of the High Court          E
  does not require any interference, particularly when the issue
  raised in this Appeal has already been decided by this Court
  in Civil Appeal No.1932 of 1982, wherein it was categorically
  held that the Coal Mines Provident Fund Commissioner is a
  "public servant" within the meaning of Section 2(17) of the Code
  of Civil Procedure. It cannot be forgotten that the First Suit filed   F
  by the Respondent, being Title Suit N'o. 78 of 1979, was
  withdrawn on the ground that it had been held that a notice
  under Section 80 of the Code was necessary since the Coal
  Mines Provident Fund Commissioner was a public servant and,
· thereafter, a second suit, being Title Suit No.102of1990, was          G
  filed by the Respondent upon due notice to the Coal Mines
  Provident Fund Commissioner. In view of the aforesaid finding
  regarding the status of the Coal Mines Provident Fund
  Commissioner, the First Appellate Court erred in reversing the
  finding of the Trial Court on this score. It was not open to the       H
   896       SUPREME COURT REPORTS                 [2012] 2 S.C.R.


A First Appellate Court to re-open the question which had been
   decided by this Court, at least on the same submissions which
   had been made earlier that though the officer <:or'tcern_ed was
   an employee of the Central Government, he no longerenjoyed
   the said status when he was discharging the functions of the
B Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Coal Mines Provident
 . Fund Scheme.

       14. We, therefore, hav~ no hesitation in holding that in view
  of the fact that the Coal Mihes Provident Fund Commissioner
  has been held by this Court to be a public officer, it was
C necessary to join the Union of India as a party in the suit in view
  of the provisions of Order XXVll Rule SA of the Code of Civil
  Procedure. We, accordingly, see no reason to interfere with the
  judgment and order appealed against and the Appeal filed by
  the Coal Mines Provident Fund Commissioner is dismissed,
D though without any order as to costs.

    8.8.B.                                      Appeal dismissed.