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High Court of Gujarat

BHARGESHBHAI THAKORBHAI PATEL LH OF DECD THAKORBHAI PARSHOTAMBHAI PATELversusSTATE OF GUJARAT

Disposal
97-DISPOSED AS TRANSFER TO DISTRICT/SESSION COURT N.I. ACT.

Holding

The appeal is to be transferred to the Sessions Court and treated as an appeal under the proviso of Section 372 of the CrPC (Section 413 of the BNSS).

Summary

The appellant filed an appeal against the trial court's acquittal on a charge under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act. The appeal was filed under Section 378 of the CrPC and Section 419 of the Bharatiya Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita. The High Court, referring to its recent decision in Shivsinh Ganpatsinh Solanki v. State of Gujarat, held that a complainant‑victim has a specific right to appeal under the proviso of Section 372 of the CrPC (or Section 413 of the BNSS) to the Sessions Court. Consequently, the Court disposed of the appeal by directing its transfer to the appropriate Sessions Court, without examining the merits. The order also instructed the Registry to forward the complete case record and emphasized speedy disposal by the lower appellate court.

Issues considered

  • The jurisdiction and proper forum for an appeal against acquittal under Section 138 NI Act.
  • Whether the complainant‑victim can invoke the proviso of Section 372 CrPC/Section 413 BNSS to appeal to the Sessions Court.
  • The effect of the Supreme Court and High Court precedents on the present appeal.

Legislation cited

Subjects

appeal against acquittaltransfer of appealjurisdictionSection 138 NI Actvictim's right to appealCriminal ProcedureBNSS

Judgment

     R/CR.A/1247/2021                                  ORDER DATED: 12/03/2026




            IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD

     R/CRIMINAL APPEAL (AGAINST ACQUITTAL) NO. 1247 of 2021

==========================================================
     BHARGESHBHAI THAKORBHAI PATEL LH OF DECD THAKORBHAI
                    PARSHOTAMBHAI PATEL
                            Versus
                   STATE OF GUJARAT & ANR.
==========================================================
Appearance:
MR VIRAL V DAVE(3846) for the Appellant(s) No. 1
MR YUVRAJ BRAHMBHATT, APP for the Opponent(s)/Respondent(s) No. 1
RULE SERVED for the Opponent(s)/Respondent(s) No. 2
==========================================================

 CORAM:HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE SANJEEV J.THAKER

                              Date : 12/03/2026

                               ORAL ORDER


1.             This is an acquittal appeal filed under Section 378

of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (hereinafter referred

to as `the Code’ for short) / under Section 419 of the

Bharatiya        Nagrik     Suraksha        Sanhita,    2023       (hereinafter

referred to as ‘BNSS’ for short) by the complainant against

the judgment and order impugned passed by the learned trial

Court, whereby the learned trial Court had acquitted the

respondent/s/accused of the charge under Section 138 of the

Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (hereinafter referred to as

the `NI Act’ for short).



2.             Heard learned advocate for the parties. Learned

APP     has     submitted    that    this     matter   is   required       to    be

transferred in view of the recent decision of this Court



                                    Page 1 of 3
     R/CR.A/1247/2021                                           ORDER DATED: 12/03/2026




passed in Criminal Misc. Application No.12753 of 2019 with

Criminal Misc. Application No.12908 of 2019.



3.               Before entering into the merits of this case, this

Court deems it proper to refer to the latest decision rendered

by this Court in the case of Shivsinh Ganpatsinh Solanki V/s

State      of    Gujarat         &    Anr.       being    Criminal       Miscellaneous
Application Nos. 12753 of 2019 with 12908 of 2019 on
23.12.2025, wherein, after considering the various judgments
of   the        Hon’ble        Supreme          Court,   more      particularly,          the

judgment         in     the     matter     of     M/s    Celestium      Financial         V/s
A.Gyanasekaran                etc.   reported       in   2025      INSC       804,        has

observed and held that the Complainant, in a complaint

under Section 138 of the N.I. Act, being a Victim, has a

specific right to appeal under proviso of Section 372 of the

Code / Section 413 of the BNSS to the Court which is

immediately superior in hierarchy i.e., the Sessions Court.

Therefore, the applications for leave to appeal/appeal(s) which

are pending before this Court can be disposed of with a

direction       to    transfer       the    said     application/appeal(s)        to      the

concerned Sessions Court.


4.               In view of the above, learned advocate for the

petitioner requested to transfer the appeal to the concerned

Sessions Court.



                                           Page 2 of 3
        R/CR.A/1247/2021                                                               ORDER DATED: 12/03/2026




5.                     In      view         of      the       said         request,           this        appeal           is

disposed of with a direction to the Registry to transfer the

appeal            to        the       concerned               Sessions             Court.           After          it      is

transferred to the concerned Sessions Court, it has to be

treated as an Appeal under the proviso under Section 372 of

the Code / Section 413 of BNSS and numbered accordingly

and issue notice to the parties. The Registry is directed to
transfer the entire record of the case, including the certified

copies of the order impugned and record & proceedings, if

lying with this Court, to the concerned lower Appellate Court,

forthwith.


6.                     Considering that the matter has been pending for

considerable                time,         the       learned            lower         Appellate              Court          is

required to make endeavour to dispose of the matter as
expeditiously as possible. It is clarified that this Court has

not gone into the merits of the matter at this stage.



                                                                                    (SANJEEV J.THAKER,J)
M.H. DAVE

Original copy of this order has been signed by the Hon'ble Judge.
Digitally signed by: MAHESHKUMAR HASMUKHLAL DAVE(HC00193), PRINCIPAL PRIVATE SECRETARY, at High Court of Gujarat on 12/03/2026 15:27:01




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