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High Court of Gujarat

THAKROE ARJUNJI CHUNTHAJIversusSTATE OF GUJARAT

Disposal
97-DISPOSED AS TRANSFER TO DISTRICT/SESSION COURT N.I. ACT.

Holding

A victim’s appeal against an acquittal under Section 138 of the NI Act must be filed in the Sessions Court, not the High Court.

Summary

The complainant appealed the trial court's acquittal of the accused under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act. The appeal was filed under Section 378 of the Code of Criminal Procedure and Section 419 of the Bharatiya Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita. The High Court examined whether such an appeal could be entertained by it or should be filed in the Sessions Court as mandated by the proviso to Section 372 of the Code and Section 413 of the BNSS. Relying on the recent decision in Shivsinh Ganpatsinh Solanki v. State of Gujarat (Criminal Misc. Applications Nos. 12753/2019 & 12908/2019, 2025) and Supreme Court precedents, the Court held that the victim’s right of appeal lies with the next higher court, i.e., the Sessions Court. Consequently, the High Court did not consider the merits and ordered the transfer of the entire appeal record to the concerned Sessions Court for disposal as an appeal under the appropriate proviso. The order also directed the lower court to expedite the proceedings.

Issues considered

  • The jurisdiction of the High Court to entertain an appeal against acquittal under Section 138 NI Act.
  • Whether the victim’s appeal under the proviso to Section 372 CrPC/Section 413 BNSS must be filed in the Sessions Court.
  • The appropriate procedural route for transferring the appeal.

Legislation cited

Subjects

Acquittal appealSection 138 NI ActJurisdictionTransfer of appealVictim's right to appealCode of Criminal ProcedureBharatiya Nagrik Suraksha SanhitaSessions Court

Judgment

     R/CR.A/1822/2023                                  ORDER DATED: 26/02/2026




            IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD

     R/CRIMINAL APPEAL (AGAINST ACQUITTAL) NO. 1822 of 2023

==========================================================
                        THAKROE ARJUNJI CHUNTHAJI
                                  Versus
                         STATE OF GUJARAT & ANR.
==========================================================
Appearance:
MR KISHOR PRAJAPATI for MR. JM PRAJAPATI(6772) for the Appellant(s)
No. 1
MR.PRASHANT B SHARMA(7028) for the Appellant(s) No. 1
BAILABLE WARRANT SERVED for the Opponent(s)/Respondent(s) No. 2
MS MEGHA CHITALIYA, APP for the Opponent(s)/Respondent(s) No. 1
RULE SERVED for the Opponent(s)/Respondent(s) No. 2
==========================================================

 CORAM:HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE SANJEEV J.THAKER

                              Date : 26/02/2026

                               ORAL ORDER


1.             This is an acquittal appeal filed under Section 378

of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (hereinafter referred

to as `the Code’ for short) / under Section 419 of the

Bharatiya        Nagrik     Suraksha        Sanhita,    2023       (hereinafter

referred to as ‘BNSS’ for short) by the complainant against

the judgment and order impugned passed by the learned trial

Court, whereby the learned trial Court had acquitted the

respondent/s/accused of the charge under Section 138 of the

Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (hereinafter referred to as

the `NI Act’ for short).



2.             Heard learned advocate for the parties. Learned

APP     has     submitted    that    this     matter   is   required       to    be



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     R/CR.A/1822/2023                                           ORDER DATED: 26/02/2026




transferred in view of the recent decision of this Court

passed in Criminal Misc. Application No.12753 of 2019 with

Criminal Misc. Application No.12908 of 2019.



3.               Before entering into the merits of this case, this

Court deems it proper to refer to the latest decision rendered

by this Court in the case of Shivsinh Ganpatsinh Solanki V/s

State      of    Gujarat         &    Anr.       being    Criminal       Miscellaneous
Application Nos. 12753 of 2019 with 12908 of 2019 on
23.12.2025, wherein, after considering the various judgments
of   the        Hon’ble        Supreme          Court,   more      particularly,          the

judgment         in     the     matter     of     M/s    Celestium      Financial         V/s
A.Gyanasekaran                etc.   reported       in   2025      INSC       804,        has

observed and held that the Complainant, in a complaint

under Section 138 of the N.I. Act, being a Victim, has a

specific right to appeal under proviso of Section 372 of the

Code / Section 413 of the BNSS to the Court which is

immediately superior in hierarchy i.e., the Sessions Court.

Therefore, the applications for leave to appeal/appeal(s) which

are pending before this Court can be disposed of with a

direction       to    transfer       the    said     application/appeal(s)        to      the

concerned Sessions Court.


4.               In view of the above, learned advocate for the

petitioner requested to transfer the appeal to the concerned



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        R/CR.A/1822/2023                                                               ORDER DATED: 26/02/2026




Sessions Court.


5.                     In      view         of      the        said        request,            this       appeal           is

disposed of with a direction to the Registry to transfer the

appeal            to        the       concerned               Sessions             Court.           After          it      is

transferred to the concerned Sessions Court, it has to be

treated as an Appeal under the proviso under Section 372 of

the Code / Section 413 of BNSS and numbered accordingly
and issue notice to the parties. The Registry is directed to

transfer the entire record of the case, including the certified

copies of the order impugned and record & proceedings, if

lying with this Court, to the concerned lower Appellate Court,

forthwith.


6.                     Considering that the matter has been pending for

considerable                time,         the       learned            lower          Appellate             Court          is
required to make endeavour to dispose of the matter as

expeditiously as possible. It is clarified that this Court has

not gone into the merits of the matter at this stage.



                                                                                     (SANJEEV J.THAKER,J)
M.H. DAVE/S/100

Original copy of this order has been signed by the Hon'ble Judge.
Digitally signed by: MAHESHKUMAR HASMUKHLAL DAVE(HC00193), PRINCIPAL PRIVATE SECRETARY, at High Court of Gujarat on 26/02/2026 15:07:17




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