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High Court of Gujarat

RELIANCE INDUSTRIES LIMITED THRO POA HARDIKBHAI PRAFULCHANDRA DAVEversusSTATE OF GUJARAT

Disposal
97-DISPOSED AS TRANSFER TO DISTRICT/SESSION COURT N.I. ACT.

Holding

A complainant in a Section 138 NI Act case has a specific right to appeal under the proviso of Section 372 CrPC/Section 413 BNSS, requiring the appeal to be transferred to the Sessions Court.

Summary

The High Court of Gujarat heard an appeal against the acquittal of respondents charged under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act. The appellant, Reliance Industries Ltd., invoked Section 378 of the CrPC and Section 419 of the Bharatiya Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita, seeking to challenge the trial court's order. Relying on its recent decision in Shivsinh Ganpatsinh Solanki v. State of Gujarat (Cr. Misc. App. Nos. 12753/2019 & 12908/2019, 23‑12‑2025) and the Supreme Court’s ruling in Celestium Financial v. A. Gyanasekaran (2025 INSC 804), the Court held that a complainant‑victim under a Section 138 complaint has a specific right to appeal under the proviso of Section 372 CrPC/Section 413 BNSS. Consequently, the High Court did not consider the merits but ordered the appeal to be transferred to the appropriate Sessions Court for adjudication as an appeal under the said provisions. The order also directed the transfer of the complete case record and urged speedy disposal by the lower court.

Issues considered

  • The complainant’s right to appeal an acquittal under Section 138 NI Act pursuant to the proviso of Section 372 CrPC/Section 413 BNSS.
  • Whether the High Court has jurisdiction to entertain the appeal or must transfer it to the Sessions Court.

Legislation cited

Subjects

Section 138 NI Actappeal against acquittalproviso of Section 372 CrPCSection 413 BNSStransfer of appealvictim's right to appealHigh Court jurisdiction

Judgment

     R/CR.A/2819/2023                                  ORDER DATED: 24/03/2026




            IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD

     R/CRIMINAL APPEAL (AGAINST ACQUITTAL) NO. 2819 of 2023

==========================================================
        RELIANCE INDUSTRIES LIMITED THRO POA HARDIKBHAI
                     PRAFULCHANDRA DAVE
                              Versus
                    STATE OF GUJARAT & ORS.
==========================================================
Appearance:
NANAVATI ASSOCIATES(1375) for the Appellant(s) No. 1
BAILABLE WARRANT NOT RECEIVED BACK for the
Opponent(s)/Respondent(s) No. 2,3,4
MR YUVRAJ BRAHMBHATT, APP for the Opponent(s)/Respondent(s) No. 1
RULE NOT RECD BACK for the Opponent(s)/Respondent(s) No. 2,3,4
==========================================================

 CORAM:HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE SANJEEV J.THAKER

                              Date : 24/03/2026

                               ORAL ORDER


1.             This is an acquittal appeal filed under Section 378

of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (hereinafter referred

to as `the Code’ for short) / under Section 419 of the

Bharatiya        Nagrik     Suraksha        Sanhita,    2023       (hereinafter

referred to as ‘BNSS’ for short) by the complainant against

the judgment and order impugned passed by the learned trial

Court, whereby the learned trial Court had acquitted the

respondent/s/accused of the charge under Section 138 of the

Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (hereinafter referred to as

the `NI Act’ for short).



2.             Heard learned advocate for the parties. Learned

APP     has     submitted    that    this     matter   is   required       to    be



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     R/CR.A/2819/2023                                           ORDER DATED: 24/03/2026




transferred in view of the recent decision of this Court

passed in Criminal Misc. Application No.12753 of 2019 with

Criminal Misc. Application No.12908 of 2019.



3.               Before entering into the merits of this case, this

Court deems it proper to refer to the latest decision rendered

by this Court in the case of Shivsinh Ganpatsinh Solanki V/s

State      of    Gujarat         &    Anr.       being    Criminal       Miscellaneous
Application Nos. 12753 of 2019 with 12908 of 2019 on
23.12.2025, wherein, after considering the various judgments
of   the        Hon’ble        Supreme          Court,   more      particularly,          the

judgment         in     the     matter     of     M/s    Celestium      Financial         V/s
A.Gyanasekaran                etc.   reported       in   2025      INSC       804,        has

observed and held that the Complainant, in a complaint

under Section 138 of the N.I. Act, being a Victim, has a

specific right to appeal under proviso of Section 372 of the

Code / Section 413 of the BNSS to the Court which is

immediately superior in hierarchy i.e., the Sessions Court.

Therefore, the applications for leave to appeal/appeal(s) which

are pending before this Court can be disposed of with a

direction       to    transfer       the    said     application/appeal(s)        to      the

concerned Sessions Court.


4.               In view of the above, learned advocate for the

petitioner requested to transfer the appeal to the concerned



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         R/CR.A/2819/2023                                                              ORDER DATED: 24/03/2026




 Sessions Court.


 5.                    In      view         of      the        said        request,            this        appeal           is

 disposed of with a direction to the Registry to transfer the

 appeal           to        the       concerned               Sessions             Court.            After         it       is

 transferred to the concerned Sessions Court, it has to be

 treated as an Appeal under the proviso under Section 372 of

 the Code / Section 413 of BNSS and numbered accordingly
 and issue notice to the parties. The Registry is directed to

 transfer the entire record of the case, including the certified

 copies of the order impugned and record & proceedings, if

 lying with this Court, to the concerned lower Appellate Court,

 forthwith.


 6.                    Considering that the matter has been pending for

 considerable               time,         the        learned           lower          Appellate             Court           is
 required to make endeavour to dispose of the matter as

 expeditiously as possible. It is clarified that this Court has

 not gone into the merits of the matter at this stage.



                                                                                     (SANJEEV J.THAKER,J)
 M.H. DAVE

Original copy of this order has been signed by the Hon'ble Judge.
Digitally signed by: MAHESHKUMAR HASMUKHLAL DAVE(HC00193), PRINCIPAL PRIVATE SECRETARY, at High Court of Gujarat on 24/03/2026 14:19:30




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