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High Court of Gujarat

KIRITKUMAR MULSHANKAR BHATTversusSTATE OF GUJARAT

Disposal
53-ALLOWED / GRANTED @ ADM.STAGE

Holding

The conviction under Section 138 NI Act is quashed and set aside as the offence has been compounded under Section 147, overriding Section 320(1) of the CrPC.

Summary

The applicant filed a criminal revision seeking relief from a conviction and sentence under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, originally imposed by a magistrate and affirmed by a sessions judge. During the pendency of the proceedings, the parties settled the dispute amicably, and the original complainant consented to compound the offence under Section 147 of the NI Act, providing an affidavit confirming receipt of the agreed amount. The court examined the effect of Section 147, noting its overriding nature over Section 320(1) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, as held in Damodar S. Prabhu v. Sayed Baba Lal. Finding that the offence was duly compounded, the court quashed the conviction and set aside the earlier orders, acquitting the applicant. Consequently, the revision application was allowed and the rule made absolute with permission for direct service.

Issues considered

  • Whether a conviction under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act can be set aside on the basis of an amicable settlement and the complainant's consent to compound the offence under Section 147.
  • Whether Section 147 of the NI Act overrides the provisions of Section 320(1) of the Code of Criminal Procedure in matters of compounding offences.
  • Whether the consent of the aggrieved party is sufficient to effect compounding and lead to acquittal of the accused.

Legislation cited

Subjects

Negotiable Instruments ActSection 138Section 147Compounding of offenceCriminal revisionAcquittalCrPC Section 320Settlement

Judgment

     R/CR.RA/1129/2026                              ORDER DATED: 22/04/2026




            IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD

     R/CRIMINAL REVISION APPLICATION (AGAINST CONVICTION -
          NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENT ACT) NO. 1129 of 2026

==========================================================
                         KIRITKUMAR MULSHANKAR BHATT
                                     Versus
                            STATE OF GUJARAT & ANR.
==========================================================
Appearance:
MR DIVYA P BHATT(12898) for the Applicant(s) No. 1
PUBLIC PROSECUTOR for the Respondent(s) No. 1
==========================================================

 CORAM:HONOURABLE MS. JUSTICE GITA GOPI

                                Date : 22/04/2026

                                     ORDER


1.     RULE. Learned advocates waive service of Rule on behalf
       of the respective respondents.


2.     Challenge in this Revision Application is given to the
       judgment and order of conviction and sentence dated
       20.12.2024 passed by the learned 6 th Additional Chief
       Judicial Magistrate, Vadodara in Criminal Case no.10281
       of 2020, which was confirmed by the judgment and order
       dated 31.01.2026 passed by the learned 11 th Additional
       Sessions Judge, Vadodara in Criminal Appeal no.05 of
       2025.


3.     Learned advocate for the applicant submitted that during
       the pendency of the proceedings, parties have settled the



                                    Page 1 of 3
     R/CR.RA/1129/2026                                ORDER DATED: 22/04/2026




       disputes amicably outside the Court and that there
       remains no grievance between them.


4.     Learned advocate Mr. Mangal V. Gadhavi for respondent
       no.2 – original complainant has placed on record the
       affidavit of settlement filed by the respondent no.2–
       original complainant and stated that the complainant has
       received the amount as agreed between the parties and
       the complainant does not want to pursue the matter now
       in view of amicable settlement and has given consent for
       compounding the offence. The same is taken on record.
       Today, respondent no.2 is present before this Court and
       the respondent no.2 has affirmed the contents of the
       affidavit and is identified by learned advocate Mr. Mangal
       V. Gadhavi for respondent no.2. Learned advocate Mr.
       Mangal V. Gadhavi seeks permission to file Vakalatnama.
       Let Vakalatnama be accepted.


5.     Since        the   complainant      has     given      consent           for
       compounding the offence, keeping in mind the object of
       Section 147 of the NI Act, which is an enabling provision
       which provides for compounding the offence and may
       require the consent of the aggrieved for compounding
       the     offence,   however,    the      specific   provision      under
       Section 147, inserted by way of amendment towards
       special law, would give overriding effect to sub-section
       (1) of Section 320 of the Code of Criminal Procedure,
       1973 as has been observed in the case of Damodar S.


                                 Page 2 of 3
                R/CR.RA/1129/2026                                                    ORDER DATED: 22/04/2026




                   Prabhu         v.     Sayed          Baba        Lal,      AIR      2010         SC      1907.
                   Accordingly, as the dispute has been resolved and the
                   amount has been paid to the complainant, in consonance
                   with the object of the N.I. Act and the provisions under
                   Section          147      thereof,         the       matter        is    considered            as
                   compounded.


         6.        In aforesaid view of the matter, the judgment and order
                   passed by the learned Trial Court of conviction and
                   sentence for the offence punishable under Section 138 of
                   the NI Act, as affirmed by the learned Appellate Court,
                   are      quashed           and       set     aside.        The       applicant          stands
                   acquitted.


         7.        Accordingly, the present application is allowed in the
                   above terms. Rule is made absolute to the aforesaid
                   extent. Direct service is permitted.




                                                                                                 (GITA GOPI,J)
         PARMAR KRISH/13

Original copy of this order has been signed by the Hon'ble Judge.
Digitally signed by: PARMAR KRISH(HC02348), ENGLISH STENO GRADE-II\, at High Court of Gujarat on 22/04/2026 19:10:01




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