ISHWARCHAND AMICHAND GOVADIA AND ORS.versusSTATE OF MAHARASHTRA AND ANR.

                ISHW ARCHAND AMICHAND GOV ADIA AND ORS.                                 A
                                  v.
                    STATE OF MAHARASHTRA AND ANR.

                                 OCTOBER 13, 2006

            [ARIJITPASAYAT ANDLOKESHWARSINGH PANTA,JJ.]                                 B


           Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973-Alteration of charges-Application
    seeking production of death certificate indicating a different cause of death
    from the one produced earlier by the same doctor, rejected-Thereafter               C
     application for alteration of charge, filed-Trial court allowed the same-



-    Propriety of-Held, not proper-Trial Court ought to have deferred the
     question of alteration of charge till examination of the doctor and relevance
     of subsequent certificate and its acceptability.

          The accused were charged under Sections 306, 498A r/w Section 34              D
    IPC. The complainant is the father of deceased. Pending the trial, the
    complainant filed an application for producing death certificate dated I 0.4.2004
    indicating the cause of death as certified by Dr. 'D'. The accused persons
    opposed the acceptance of document as evidence on the ground that alongwith
    police papers a death certificate dated 18.5.2000 by the same Doctor was filed
    which stated the probable cause of death to be cardio respiratory failure. In       E
    the subsequent certificate a different cause of death was indicated. The Trial
    Court kept the application relating to the production of certificate in abeyance
    to be decided after examination of Dr. 'D'. On the same date, another
    application was filed for altering charge under Section 304 B IPC. Trial Court
    altered the charge which was affirmed by High Court Hence the present appeal.       p

          Allowing the appeal, the Court

           HELD: The charge can be altered at any stage. But the question is
    whether in view of the order passed on the same date the order relating to
    alteration of charge has been passed by the Trial Court. Th~ Trial Court itself     G
    noted that as per the first certificate the cause of death was cardio respiratory
    failure. It, however, noted that some chemicals were present in the viscera.
    The effect of the presence of those chemicals has necessarily to be considered
    in the background of both the subsequent certificates, in case the latter
    certificate is taken on record. That being so, it would be proper for the Trial
                                          229                                           H
    230                      SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2006) SUPP. 7 S.C.R.

A Court to defer the question of framing charge under Section 3048 after
    examination of the Doctor and relevance of the subsequent certificate and its
    acceptability. (231-D-F)

            CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Criminal Appeal No. 1051 of
    2006.
B
          From the Final Judgment and Order dated 13.12.2005 of the High Court
    of Judicature at Bombay in Criminal Writ Petition No. 1770 of 2004.

            R.K. Gupta and Dharam Bir Raj Vohra for the Appellants.

C        Shivaji M. Jadhav, Aparajita Singh, S.S. Shinde and V.N. Raghupathy for
    the Respondents.

            The Judgment of the Court was delivered by                                  ~



            ARIJIT PASAYA T, J. Leave granted.
D
           Appellants call in question legality of the judgment rendered by a
    learned Single Judge of the Bombay High Court dismissing the Criminal Writ
    Petition no. 1770/2004 filed under Article 227 of the Constitution of India, 1950
    (in short the 'Constitution').

E           Background facts in a nutshell are as follows:

         Appellants are facing trial for alleged commission of offences punishable
  under Sections 306, 498A read with Section 34 ofthe Indian Penal Code, 1860
  (in short the '!PC'). The case of the prosecution is that Sharmila, daughter
  of the complainant was married to appellant no.3 and appellant nos. I, 2 and
F 4 are her father-in-law, brother-in-law and mother-in-law respectively. The
  Sessions Case No. 3791 of2003 is pending trial in the Court of!V Additional
  Sessions Judge, Thane. An application was filed before the Trial Court by the
  complainant through the prosecuting counsel for producing the death
  certificate dated I0.4.2004 indicating cause of death as certified by Dr. R.M.
G Dhotre. The accused persons opposed acceptance of the document as
  evidence on the ground that along with police papers a certificate of death,
                                                                                        ~~-
  dated 18.5.2000 by Dr. R.M. Dhotre, was filed which stated the probable cause
  of death to be cardio respiratory failure due to acute respiratory failure. In the
  subsequent certificate a different cause of death was indicated. That being
  so, it was submitted that the subsequent certificate should not be taken on
H record.
         ISHWARCHANDAMICHANDGOVADIA ''· STATEOFMAHARASHTRA[PASAYAT,J.] 23 J

        The Trial Court held that the production of the certificate dated I0.4.2004   A
, cannot be decided at that stage as prosecution has not explained as to how
  the certificate was sought to be brought on record after 4 years. Therefore,
  the matter relating to production of the certificate was kept in abeyance to
  be decided after examination of Dr. R.M. Dhotre. On the same date another
  application was filed for adding charge under Section 3048 IPC. The trial           B
  Court accepted this prayer which was affirmed by the High Court. Same is the
  subject matter of challenge in this appeal.

        It was submitted that the trial Court having already decided in the
  connected application that the question of accepting the subsequent document
  would be taken up after the examination of doctor, should not have altered          C
  the charge primarily based on the same document.

        In response, learned counsel for the respondent-State submitted that
  the charge can be altered at any time and there is nothing wrong in the order
  passed by the Trial Court. It is submitted that since charge can be altered at
  any stage, no prejudice has been caused to the accused.                             D
        There is no quarrel with the proposition that the charge can be altered
 at any stage. But the question is whether in view of the order passed on the
 same date the order relating to alteration of charge has been passed by the
 Trial Court. It is to be noted that the Trial Court itself noted that as per the
 first certificate the cause of death was cardio respiratory failure due to acute E
 respiratory failure. It, however, noted that some chemicals were noted in the
 viscera. The effect of the presence of those chemicals has necessarily to be
 considered in the background of both the subsequent certificates, in case the
 latter certificate is taken on record. That being so, it would be proper for the
 Trial Court to defer the question of framing charge under Section 3048 after F
 examination of Dr. R.M. Dhotre and relevance of the subsequent certificate
 and its acceptability.

      The High Court has failed to consider the relevant aspects and, should
 not have dismissed the application. The impugned order is set aside.
                                                                                      G
         The appeal is allowed.

  D.G.                                                        Appeal allowed.