MANOJ BEHARI LAL MATHUR AND ANR.versusDR. SHANTI MATHUR AND ORS.

              MANOJ BEHAR! LAL MATHUR AND ANR.                                     A
                                       v.
                   DR. SHANTI MATHUR AND ORS.

                            DECEMBER 2, 1996
                                                                                   B
             [K. RAMASWAMY AND G.T. NANA VAT!, JJ.]

        Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 :

       Sectio11 151, Order 6 Rule 17-Plai11t-Ame11dme11t of-Suit filed by
appella11ts' mother for pe1petual i11jw1Ctio11 restraining respondent from         c
alienating the suit property-Second suit filed by appe//a11ts for panition and
separate possession-77iereafter another suit filed for declaration that respon-
dent was a benamidar and the property belonged to the joint family and,
therefore, she has no right, title and i11terest in the Plai11t Schedule Proper-
ty-Application filed for Ilia! of a preliminary issu~ltimately when tile           D
matter came before Supreme Cowt this Coun directed to try the issues,
regardless of the deficiency i11 the pleadings, whether respondent was a
benamidar a11d whether the provisio11s of Be11ami Transactions (Prohibition)
Act, 1988 would stand in the way of the appellants--77iereafter application
filed for amendment of plaint that re'pondent was a tmstee on behalf of the
appellant plaintif[;-Application dismissed by Trial Court and High                 E
 Coun-Appeal-He/d, it was open to the appellants, even without resoning to
amendment of the plailll, to press their arguments basing on the legal effect
of the benami transaction and that respondent was a tnistee of the property
for the benefit of the joint family-For that puipose, no express amendment
was required, nor it was necessary that amendment be made in the plaint-It         F
is open to the cowt below to proceed with the trial of the suit or to dispose
of the preliminary issue in accordance with law.

        Controller of Estate Duty, Lucknow v.Aloke Mitra, [1981) 2 SCC 121,
held inapplicable.
                                                                                   G
        CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 15351 of
1996.

     From the Judgment and Order dated 16.10.95 of the Rajasthan High
Court in C.R.P. No. 27 of 1995.                                                    H
                                425
    426                    SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1996] SUPP. 9 S.C.R.
A         Tapas Ray and Indra Makwana for the Appellants.

          Harish Salve, Pradeep Aggarwal, Sushi! K. Jain, A.P. Dhamija and
    S. Atreya for the Respondents.

          The following Order of the Court was delivered :
B
          Leave granted.

          We have heard learned counsel on both sides.

          This appeal by special leave arises from the order of the single Judge
C   of the High Court of Rajasthan at Jaipur, made on October 16, 1995 in CR
    No. 27/95.

          The admitted facts are that the appellants' mother had initially filed
    suit No. 318/88 for perpetual injunction restraining Dr. Shanti Mathur and
    others from alienating the property bearing No. D-34, Subhash Marg,
D   C-Scheme, Jaipur. Subsequently, the appellants also filed suit on 1.12.1988
    for partition and separate possession of 1/4 and 3/4 shares respectively.
    Thereafter, the present Suit No. 30/90 was filed for declaration that Dr.
    Shanti Mathur was a benamidar and the property belonged to the joint
    family and, therefore, she has no right, title and interest in the Plaint
E   Schedule Property. An application was filed in the trial court for trial of
    issue No. 7. as a preliminary issue. Ultimately, the matter had come to this
    Court wherein this Court directed to try the issues, regardless of the
    deficiency in the pleadings, whether Dr. Shanti Mathur is a benamidar and
    whether the provisions of Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988
    would stand in the way of the appellants. Subsequently, an application
F   under Order 6, Rule 17 read with Section 151 CPC came to be filed for
    amendment of the plaint on the ground that Dr. Shanti Mathur was a
    trustee on behalf of the appellants-plaintiffs. The trial Court as well as the
    High Court in the impugned order dismissed the application. Thus, this
    appeal by special leave.
G         It is contended by Mr. Tapas Ray, learned senior counsel appearing
    for the appellants, that Dr. Shanti Mathur stands in a fiduciary capacity
    as a trustee on behalf of the appellants-plaintiffs and the members of the
    joint family. The circumstances in which the property came to be pur-
    chased in the name of Dr. Shanti Mathur have elaborately been stated in
H   the plaint filed in all the three suits though different reliefs have been
          MAN OJ BEHAR! LAL MATifUR v. SHANTI MATHUR                 427

sought in the suits. In the first suit, the relief prayed for was perpetual A
injunction and it was sought that Dr. Shanti Mathur was attempting to
alienate the property. Subsequently, when it was found to have been
alienated, suit was filed for partition. When title to the property was set up
independently on behalf of Dr. Shanti Mathur, third suit came to be filed
for declaration. Under these circumstances, the amendment sought for B
does not change the nature of the suit or cause of action; nor is any
different cause of action introduced. Even inconsistent pleading can be
raised by plaintiffs at any stage and it is the discretion of the court to see
wh~ther in the facts and circumstances of the case, the amendment to the
plaint is necessary. Jn this case, instead of leaving the ambiguity for future
arguments, an express pleading is sought to be brought on record by C
amending the plaint and by pleading that Dr. Shanti Mathur is a
Benamidar; in fact she is a trustee holding the property on behalf of the
joint family and, therefore, the.trial Court as well as the High Court would
have granted amendment to the plaint.
                                                                           D
        On the other hand, Shri Harish Salve, learned senior counsel appear-
 ing for the respondent, contended that in view of the specific directions
 given by this Court on an earlier occasion for disposal of issue No. 7 as a
 preliminary issue, regardless of the deficiency in the pleadings, the Court
is left with no option but to proceed with the consideration of preliminary
issue. At this stage finding it difficult to get along with the matter, the E
 appellants with a view to delay the proceedings has come forward with
 pleadings at three different stages with different and inconsistent reliefs.
 Thus, it would indicate that the appellants have no consistent case. In this
 behalf, the amendment, if allowed, would alter the nature of the suit and
 character of the suit. Therefore, it would not be expedient to allow the F
 amendment. The High Court as well as the trial Court rightly refused to
grant the amendment. In view of the diverse contentions, the question that
arises for consideration is : whether the High Court is right in refusing to
permit the appellants to amend the plaint? It is seen that the appellants
have come forward with the plea that Dr. Shanti Mathur is only a
Benamidar for and on behalf of the joint family. If that be so, even the G
decision on which the learned counsel has placed reliance, namely, Con-
trol/er of Estate Duty, Lucknow v. Aloke Mitra, [1981] 2 SCC 121, does not
help him. It is always open to the appellants, even without resorting to
amendment of the plaint, to press their arguments basing on the legal effect
of the benami transaction and that Dr. Shanti Mathur is a trustee of the H
    428                   SUPREME COURT REPORTS I1996] SUPP. 9 S.C.R.

A   property for the benefit of the joint family. For that purpose, no express
    amendment is required, nor it is necessary that amendment be made in the
    plaint. Under these circumstances, without expressing any opinion on the
    amendment of the issues, it is open to the court below to proceed with the
    trial of the suit or to dispose of the preliminary issue No. 7 in accordance
B   with law.

          The appeal is accordingly dismissed. No costs.

    T.N.A.                                                   Appeal dismissed.