MUNUSWAMY AND ORS.versusSTATE OF TAMIL NADU

A                           MUNUSWAMY AND ORS.
                                          v.
                            ST A TE OF TAMIL NADU

                                AUGUST 14, 2002

B     [N. SANTOSH HEGDE AND BISHESHWAR PRASAD SINGH, JJ.]


           Penal Code, I 860:

          Sections 3021109 and 341-Murder and abetment thereof-Conviction
C by courts below-Plea that two of the accused could not be convicted as
    injury was caused only by third accused-On appeal, held-In the facts and
    circumstances of the case, the act of third accused cannot be said to be his
    individual act-Hence the other two accused also guilty of the offence-It is
    a case of abetment by conspiracy in which all the conspirators participated
D   at the execution of the plan.

          Sections 302 and 304-Murder-Conviction under Section 302 by
    courts below-Plea to convert the conviction under Section 302-Held,
    injuries on deceased grievous in nature at vital organs-Incident not proved
    to have taken place at spur of moment-Hence conviction cannot be converted
E . to one under Section 304.
          Appellants were tried for having committed the offences under Sections
    341, 302 read· with Section 109 IPC for having caused death of the deceased.
    The case of the prosecution was that appellant Nos. 2 and 3 followed the
    deceased to the spot of incident where appellant No. 1 was already waiting.
F   All the three chased the deceased and over powered him. Witile appellants 1
    and 2 held the hands of a deceased, appellant No. 3 stabbed him on the
    exhortation of appellant No. 1. As per the evidence of doctor, deceased died
    due to injury on vital organs. Trial Court as well as High Court convicted the
    appellants of the offences charged.
G         In appeal to this Court appellants contended that appellants Nos.l and 2
    could not be held guilty of the offence under Sections 302/109 IPC as deceased
    was stabbed only by appellant No. 3; and that even appellant No. 3 could be
    punished only under Section 304 IPC as he did. not intend to kill the deceased,
    the knife used for stabbing being only a pen knife.
H
                                         550
                           MUNUSWAMYv. STATE                                  551
      Dismissing the appeal, the Court                                                A
      HELD: I. Appellant No. 3 is guilty of the offence under Section 302
IPC. It will not be possible to bring his case under any of the exceptions and
to record his conviction and sentence under Section 304 IPC. Having regard
to the nature of the injuries and their location, it would be difficult to say that
the person who assaulted the deceased with a knife did not intend to cause            B
his death of the deceased. Evidence on record show that this is not a case
where the appellants accidentally met the deceased with whom they had enmity
of some sort, and at the spur of the moment the assault took place.
                                                          [554-F; 554-B; 553-F[

       2. Appellants I and 2 have been rightly found guilty of the offence under C
 Section 302/109 IPC. The evidence leaves no room for doubt that the appellants
 had entered into a conspiracy for killing the deceased and pursuant thereto
 appellant No.I waited at the spot while appellants 2 and 3 followed the deceased
 on their bicycle. All of them chased the deceased. After he was over-powered
 by appellants I and 2, on the order of appellant No.I, appellant No.3 stabbed· D
 him. It cannot be said in the facts and circumstances of the case that the act
 of appellant No.3 was merely his individual act, and that appellants 1 and. 2
 cannot be held guilty of the offence under Section 302/109 IPC. On the facts
 found this is a case of abetment by conspiracy in which all the conspirators
 were present and actively participated when the plan was executed. The E
'appellants came to the place of occurrence in a planned manner. The tacts
 clearly disclose a pre-concerted plan to assault the deceased at the place
 selected by the appellants. [554-G, H; 555-A; 554-B-C-D]

     3. Appellant No. 1 is said to have exhorted his son to stab the deceased.
Obviously he knew, that his son was carrying a knife or some such weapon,             F
otherwise the word 'stab' would not have been used by appellant No.I. He may
have merely exhorted his son to assault the deceased. This itself is a clear
indication of the fact that accused No.I, the father, knew that his son was
carrying a knife. (554-E]

     CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Criminal Appeal No. 988                        G
of2001.

     From the Judgment and Order dated 22.9.2001 of the Chennai High
Court in Crl. A. Nos. 293 of 1990.

      R. Sundaravardhan, Ramesh N. Keswani, Ram Lal Roy and Shivakumaran,             H
    552                     SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2002} SUPP. I S.C.K

A for the Appellants.
         R. Venkataramani, Ms. Revathy Raghavan and Ms. Shweta Garg for the
    Respondent.

          The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

          BiSHESHWAR PRASAD SINGH, J. This appeal is directed against the
   judgme'nt and order of the High Court of Madras dated 21st September, 2002
    passed in Criminal Appeal; No.293 of 1990 .filed by the appellants against the
   judgment and order of the Sessions Judge dated 3rd August, 1990 whereby
    appellants .f and 2 were found guilty of the offences under Sections 341, 302/
C I 09 IPC and appellant No._3 was found guilty of the offence under Section 341
    and 302 IPC. The appellants. have been. sentenced to 6 months rigorous
  · Imprisonment under Section 341 IPC and life imprisonment under Section 302/
    109 and _302 .IPC. The ·High ·court by the impugned judgment and order
   disndssed the appeal and affiimed the judgment and order of the trfal court.

·.D...    Spe~ial leave _was granted limited to the question as to whether the
    offence proved falls under Section 304 IPC and whether the conviction and
     sentence under Sections 302, 302/109 IPC calls for modification.

          Appellant No. I Munuswamy is the father of appellants 2 and 3, namely
E · KUJ11aresan and Selvam. It is the case of the prosecution that on 28th April,
      1989 at about 3.00 p.m. while PW.3 Adhimoolam was drying beedi leaves,
     appellant No. I came at about 4.00 p.m. and waited by the side of the road.
     About halfan hou' later d¢cea5ed Ravi came on a bicycle. He was followed
     by appellants 2 and 3 who also reached the place of occurrence following him .
    .Appellant No. I stopped the deceased while appellants 2 and 3 who came from
·p · behin·d dashed their bicycle against the bicycle of the deceased. The deceased
     left his bicycle and started running away chased by the appellants. Ultimately
     the accused over-powered him and while appellant No. I caught hold of the
     right hand of the deceased, accused No.2 caught hold of the left hand of the
     deceased. Appellant No. I ordered that the deceased should be stabbed and
 G immediately appellant No.3 took out a pen knife from his hip and stabbed. the
     deceased on the right side of his chest. They dragged the deceased and made
     him lie down near the road. This incident was also witnessed by Ravi, PW.
     4 who was grazing his cattle neat the scene of occurrence. They reported the
     matter to the father of the deceased who went to the police station and lodged
     the complaint After investigation; the appellants were put up for trail and
 H were ultimately found guilty of the offences as earlier noticed.
      MUNUSWAMY v. STATE [BISHESHWAR PRASAD SINGH, J.]                      553
     The medical evidence on record disclosed the following injuries on the        A
body of the deceased :-

       I.    An incised gaping wound 8 cm x 3 cm over (R) interior aspect
             of chest at the level of right nipple with exposing muscle and rib
             (4th) beneath.
                                                                                   B
       (2)   A lacerated wound 3 cm x 2 cm x bone depth seen over (R) side
             of parietal region.
       (3)   An abrasion 3 cm x 2 cm seen over (R) leg.
       (4)   An abrasion 4 cm x 3 cm seen over ( R ) buttock region.
                                                                                   c
      On Internal examination : Thorax : An incised wound 6 cm x 2 cm x lung
beneath seen on the anterior aspect of pleura with 1200 ml. of bloody fluid
in the (R) Throacic cavity. Lungs; Right lung 510 g. wt. An incised wound
2 cm in breath over the edge of medical aspect of upper lobe of right lung.
Cls. normal appearance and pale. Left Lung : 500 gms. wt. C/s. normal              D
appearance and pale.

     Heart : 340 g. wt. Great vessels on the anterior aspect of the Aorta a
cm x cm punctured like wound seen at the root of Aorta with clotted blood
coming out. On pressure from the Aorta."
                                                                                   E
      According to PW.2, the doctor who conducted the post mortem
examination on the body of the deceased, the deceased died of shock and
hemorrhage due to injury on vital organs. It is also the case of the prosecution
that the deceased died almost instantaneously.

       We have carefully perused the evidence on record and we find that this      F
is not a case where the appellants accidentally met the deceased with whom
they had enmity of some sort, and at the spur of the moment the assault took
place.

       It was sought to be contended on behalf of the appellants that appellant
No.I had merely'caught the hand of the deceased and appellant No.2 also did        G
the same. It was only appellant No.3 who stabbed the deceased. According
to learned counsel, appellants I and 2 can only be held guilty of the offence
under Section 341 !PC while the appellant No.3 can at best be said to have
committed an offence punishable under Section 304 !PC. They never intended
to commit the murder of the deceased since the knife used by appellant No.3        H
    554                     SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2002] SUPP. I S.C.R.

A   was only a pen knife. Learned counsel, however, could not controvert the fact
    that the knife had a long blade enough to cause the injuries of the nature
    found. It is also worth noticing that apart from two abrasions there was also
    an incised gaping wound on the chest and a lacerated wound over the right
    side of parietal region.

B        Having regard to the nature of the injuries and their location, it would
    be difficult to accept the submission that the person who assaulted the
    deceased with a knife did not intend to cause the death of the deceased.

           The appellants came to the place of occurrence in a planned manner.
C   The evidence is clear that appellant No. I came first and waited by the side
    of the road. Thereafter appellants 2 and 3 came on a bicycle closely following
    the deceased. Appellant No. I stopped the deceased and appellants 2 and 3
    made sure that the deceased did not escape by dashing their bicycle against
    his bicycle with the result that the deceased had to abandon his bicycle and
    run for his life. Even thereafter they chased him and while appellants I & 2
D   caught hold of his hands, appellant No. 3 stabbed him with the knife. These
    facts clearly disclose a pre-concerted plan to assault the deceased at the place
    selected by the appellants.

          Appellant No. I is said to haye exhorted his son to stab the deceased.
E   Obviously he knew that his son was carrying a knife or some such weapon,
    otherwise the words 'stab' would not have been used by appellant No. I. He
    may have merely exhorted his son to assault the deceased. This itself is a
    clear indication of the fact that accused No. I, the father, knew that his son
    was carrying a knife.

F         In the facts and circumstances of the case we are satisfied that so far
    as appellant No.3 is concerned, he is guilty of the offence under Section 302
    IPC. It will not be possible to bring his case under any of the exceptions and
    to record his conviction and sentence under Section 304 IPC.

          So far as appellants I & .2 are concerned, they have also been rightly
G   found guilty of the offence under Section 302/109 IPC. The evidence leaves
    no room of doubt that the appellants had entered into a conspiracy for killing
    the deceased and pursuant thereto appellant No. I waited at the spot while
    appellants 2 and 3.followed the deceased on their bicycle. All of them chased
    the deceased. After he was over-powered by appellants I & 2, on the order
H   of appellant No. I, appellant No.3 stabbed him. It cannot be said in the facts
       MUNUSWAMY v. STATE [BISHESHWAR PRASAD SINGH, J.)                     555

and circumstances of the case that the act of appellant No.3 was merely his        A
individual act, and that appellants I and 2 cannot be held guilty of the offence
under Section 302/109 !PC. On the facts found this is a case of abetment by
conspiracy in which all the conspirators were present and actively participated
when the plan was executed.

     We therefore, find no ment in this appeal and the same is accordingly         B
dismissed.

KKT.                                                        Appeal dismissed.