RAJESH PANDEYversusSTATE OF U.P.

                       [2009] 4 S.C.R. 1147


                       RAJESH PANDEY                          A
                                v.
                         STATE OF U.P.
                Criminal Appeal No. 553 of 2009

                       MARCH 25, 2009
                                                              B
          (DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT AND ASOK KUMAR
                       GANGULY, JJ)
           Penal Code, 1860 - ss. 3048 and 498A. - Dowry
    Prohibition Act, 1961 - ss.3 and 4 - Wife died of bums five
    years after marriage - Husband and in-laws allegedly burnt C
    her to death after pouring kerosene on her - Deceased was
    allegedly tortured and harassed for dowry - Conviction of
    husband by Courts below - Justification of - Held: On facts,
    iustified - Accusations were established by cogent evidence
    - However, sentence reduced to eight years -Crime against D
    Women.
         Appellant's wife died of burns about five years after
    marriage. According to the prosecution, the appellant and
    his family members tortured and harassed the deceased E
    for dowry and burnt her to death after pouring kerosene
~   on her. The trial court convicted the appellant, his parents
·   and his sister under sections 3048 and 498A IPC and
    under sections 3 & 4 of the Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961.
    On appeal, the High Court upheld the conviction of
    appellant, but acquitted his parents a9d sister. Hence the F
    present appeal.
         Partly allowing the appeal, the Court
         HELD: 1. The necessary ingredients of the Section
    3048 of IPC are as follows: a) the death of the woman G
    was caused due to burns, bodily injuries or due to
    unnatural circumstances; b) the death should be within
    seven years of marriage; c) soon before death, victim was
    subjected to cruelty or harassment by her husband or any
                               1147                           H
    1148       SUPREME COURT REPORTS               (2009] 4 S.C.R


A   relative of the husband and d) the cruelty or harassment
                                                                         '
                                                                           .,
    was for or in connection with any demand for dowry. (Para              ......
    5) [1151-F-H; 1152-A]
         2. The trial Court and the High Court have with
    reference to the evidence on record categorically held that
B
    it was not a case of suicide. The victim died of burns. They
    have referred to letter Ext. Ka-2 to conclude about the
    demand of dowry and the torture meted out to the
                                                                     A
    deceased. Considering the evidence on record, it is found
    that the accusations were established by cogent
c   evidence. Minor variations in evidence cannot affect the
    credibility of the prosecution version. The conviction as
    recorded cannot be faulted. However, the sentence is
    reduced to eight years. (Paras 6, 7) [1152-B-E]

D        CRIMINALAPPELLATE JURISDICTION: Criminal Appeal
    No. 533 of 2009
         From the Judgement and Order dated 09.05.2006 of the
    High Court of Judicature at Allahabad in Criminal Appeal No.
    6345 of 2003.
E
          Kuldip Singh, R.K. Pandey, T.P. Mishra, H.S. Sandhu,
    San jay Katyal, for the Appellants.
           S.N. Pandey, C.P. Pandey, for the Respondent.
                                                                     •
           The Judgement of the Court was delivered by
F
           DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.
           1. Leave granted.
          2. Challenge in this Appeal is to the judgment of the
G   Division Bench of the Allahabad High Court dismissing the        ~


    appeal filed by the appellant. He was the appellant alongwith
    three others before the Allahabad High Court. The accused was
    found guilty of offences punishable under Section 498A of the
    Indian Penal Code, 1860 (in short the 'IPC') and Sections 3            ~-



H   and 4 of the Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 (in short the 'Act').
                       RAJESH PANDEY V. STATE OF U.P.               1149
                           [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J]

              3. Background facts, as projected by prosecution in a A
•        nutshell are as follows:
                The accused appellant is the resident of Village Budhanna,
         Police Station Chandpur, District Fatehpur. The complainant-
         informant, Shiv Balak Tiwari is resident of village Garhi, Police
                                                                            B
         Station Jafarganj, district Fatehpur. Smt. Rekha (hereinafter
         referred to as the 'deceased') was daughter of complainant,
         Shiv Balak Tewari, who was married with the accused-appellant,
         Rajesh Pandey about five years back to the occurrence in
         question. The accused-appellant Kallu@ Shivdhani is the father
         of appellant Rajesh Pandey, Smt. Rama is daughter of Kallu@ c
         Shivdhani and Smt. Shanti Devi is his wife, meaning thereby,
         Rajesh Pandey is husband, Kallua@ Shivdhani is father-in-law,
         Smt. Shanti Devi is mother-in-law and Smt. Rama is sister-in-
         law of deceased.
    ..                                                                     'D
                The marriage had been performed according to the Hindu
         rites. In the marriage, dowry etc. was given by the complainant-
         informant according to his capability but the accused-persons
         were not happy. They were demanding Buffalo, golden chain
         and Rs.20,000/- in cash in dowry and for that they were torturing
                                                                            E
         the deceased, who used to make complaints regarding her
         harassment and torture by her husband and in-laws to her
         parents. The complainant informant repeatedly made attempts
         to persuade the appellants to not torture his daughter. He also
         told them that he was no in a position to fulfill their demands.
                                                                            F
                On 07 .07.2000 at about 1.00 P.M., the complainant
         informant was informed that in-laws of his daughter burnt her
         alive by pouring kerosene oil on her. It was also informed that
         before burning, she was beaten by them. When the complainant-
         informant with his associates went to the house of in Jaws of his G
         daughter, the village people told him about the incident. No one
         was available at the house of accused-persons except the minor
         child of deceased Smt. Rekha. The village people told the
         complainant-informant that the neighbors had taken Smt. Rekha
         to some hospital in Qasba Amauli, district Fatehpur on a Tractor,
                                                                            H
    1150      SUPREME COURT REPORTS                    [2009] 4 S.C.R.


A   where she died. The dead body of the deceased was lying at                1
    the house of accused-persons.
          Just before the day of occurrence i.e. on 06.06.2000, Vinay
    Kumar, the youngest son of complainant-informant had gone to
B   the house of accused-appellants and met his sister Smt. Rekha
    who had told him about harassment and torture etc. made by
    the accused-appellants for dowry. The deceased had given a
    letter in which the entire facts were disclosed.
          The complainant-informant lodged report of occurrence to
c   the Police Station, Chandpur, district Fatehpur on 07.07.2000.
    The written F.l.R. is Ext. Ka-1. The police registered a case under
    Section 498-A 304-B IPC and Sections 3 and 4 of the Act,
    against the accused appellants which is evident from the copy
    of G.D. Ext. Ka16. Chik report is Ext.Ka-15. The matter was
D   investigated by the police concerned. The Investigating Officer
    visited the spot and prepared inquest report Ext. Ka-8, photo of
    dead body Ext. Ka-11, Challan Ext. Ka-12 and after that he
    sealed the dead body and wrote letter Ext.Ka-9 and Ka-10 to
    the R.I. Police Lines and C.M.O. Fatehpur respectively for post
E   mortem examination of deceased. Dr. A.S. Khan and Dr. B.K.
    Sharma conducted the post mortem examination of deceased
    on 08.07.2000. The post mortem report is Ext. Ka-5. The
    Investigating Officer took burnt clothes of deceased and the          •
    plastic container which were recovered from the spot and
    prepared memo Ext.Ka-13 and Ka-14 respectively. He
F   interrogated the prosecution witnesses and after concluding
    investigation, submitted charge sheet Ext.Ka-7 against the
    accused appellants.
       The accused-appellants admitted this fact that Smt. Rekha,
G daughter of complainant informant, Shiv Balak Tewari was
  married with the accused appellant Rajesh Pandey according
  to Hindu rites in the year 1995. But they denied the allegation
  regarding demand of dowry, torture and about causing death of
  deceased. They further stated that all the proceedings were
H conducted by the police on false consideration. The accused-
                  RAJESH PANDEY V STATE OF UP                · 1151
                      [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J]

     appellant Rajesh Pandey further alleged that Smt. Rekha was A
     desirous of partition of ancestral house and when she failed in
     her designs, she committed suicide by burning herself. He
     further stated that the prosecution witnesses have given
     evidence against him under undue pressure of one Ram
     8harosey Tiwari. Smt. Shanti Devi stated that she was residing 8
     separately in a temple and she did not know how the deceased
     died. She also stated about factum of partition of the house as
     alleged by her son, Rajesh Pandey. The accused-appellant,
     Shivdhani also took same defence as taken by his son Rajesh
     Pandey. Smt. Rama Devi stated that she was.a married lady        c
     and had come to the house of her parents and was living in a
     temple separately. The deceased was not even on talking terms
     with her. She did not know how she died.
           After completion of investigation chargesheet was filed.
""   Trial court convicted the appellants under Section 498A and D
     3048 IPC and Sections 3 and 4 of the Act.
          4. Section 304 8 IPC reads as follows:
          "3048. Dowry Death - (1) Where the death of a woman
          is caused by any burns or bodily injury or occurs otherwise E
          than under normal circumstances within seven years of
          her marriage and it is shown that soon before her death
          she was subjected to cruelty or harassment by her husband
          or any relative of her husband for, or in connection with,
          any demand for dowry, such death shall be called "dowry F
          death", and such husband or relative shall be deemed to
          have caused her death."
           5. The necessary ingredients of Section 304 8 IPC are as
     follows:
                                                                      G
          (1)   The death of the woman was caused due to burns,
                bodily injuries or due to unnatural circumstances.
          (2)   The death should be within seven years of marriage.
          (3)   It is shown that soon before death victim was H
    1152         SUPREME COURT REPORTS                [2009] 4 S.C.R.


A                subjected to cruelty or harassment by her husband
                 or any relative of the husband.
           (4)   The cruelty or harassment was for or in connection
                 with any demand for dowry.
B         6. High Court allowed the appeal of the co-accused
    persons. But the appeal was dismissed so far as it relates to
    the present appellant. Trial Court and the High Court have with
    reference to the evidence on record categorically held that it
    was not a case of suicide. The victim died of burns. They have
c   referred to letter Ext.Ka-2 to conclude about the demand of dowry
    and the torture meted out to the deceased. The conviction as
    recorded cannot be faulted. However, the sentence is reduced
    to eight years. If the appellant has served said period of sentence
    he shall be released from custody forthwith unless required to
0   be in custody in any other case.
         7. While issuing notice on 2.2.2008, it was indicated that
  notice was issued limited to the quantum of sentence. In the
  instant case there is practically no discussion of the evidence
  by the High Court. It simply reiterated the analysis made by the
E trial court. Therefore, we have considered the evidence on
  record. We find that the accusations have been established by
  cogent evidence. Minor variations in evidence cannot affect the
  credibility of the prosecution version.
           8. The appeal is allowed to the aforesaid extent.

    8.8.8.                                     Appeal party allowed.