RAMJIT AND ORS.versusSTATE OF U.P.

                         [2008] 15 S.C.R. 184


A                       RAMJIT AND ORS.
                                v.
                          STATE OF U.P.
                 (Criminal Appeal No. 40 of 2009)
                         JANUARY 12, 2009
B
           [DR. ARIJIT l;>ASAYAT AND ASOK KUMAR
                         GANGULY, JJ.]

       Penal Code, 1860 - s.304 Part I rlw s. 149 - Death caused
C due to armed assault pursuant to sudden quarrel - Bull
  belonging to accused causing damage to standing crops on
  fields of complainant - Exchange of hot words and quarrel
  between the parties - While the quarrel was continuing, one
  accused went inside the house and within 2-3 minutes came
D out with other accused persons armed with various weapons
  and they all launched assault resulting in death of
  complainant's father - Conviction of accused-app_ellants ul
  s. 302 rlw s. 149 - Propriety of - Held: Not proper - Appropriate -
  conviction would be under s.304 Part I rlw s.149 - Custodia/
E sentence of 10 years.

       Prosecution case was that on the day of the incident,
  the bull belonging to appellant no.1 's father trespassed
  into the fields of the complainant and started grazing and
  damaging the standing crops, which led to a quarrel
F between appellant no.1 and PW1, the complainant's
  brother.

       It is alleged that subsequently appellant no.1 went
  inside his house and came out with the other appellants
G armed with lathis, knife, bhala and gandasi and they all
  started assaulting PW1, on which the complainant's
  father and another brother (PW3) rushed to save him but
  they were also assaulted. The father of the complainant

H
  sustained serious injuries in the incident ,and died
                              184                                       -
           RAMJIT AND ORS. v. STATE OF U.P.               185


  instantaneously while PWs1 and 3 sustained grievous            A
  injuries.

      The trial court convicted the appellants under s.302
  r/w s.149, s.307 r/w s.149 and s.148 IPC. High Court
  upheld the conviction.                                         B

       In appeal to this Court, it was contended on behalf
  of the appellants that the incident took place due to a
  sudden quarrel and therefore s.302 IPC had no·
  application.
                                                                 c
    . Partly allowing the appeal, the Court

        HELD: In the instant case though the witnesses
   stated that after initial exchange of hot wor~s and quarrel
   the accused persons went inside and came back, it is to
                                                                 0
   be noted that they have fairly accepted that while the
.. exchange of hot words, quarrel was continuing and
   immediately i.e. in less than two and three minutes they
   came back. That being so, in the peculiar facts of the
   case, appropriate conviction would be under s.304 Part I
   read with s.149 IPC. The conviction is accordingly altered.   E
   The other convictions remain unaltered. Custodial
   sentence of 10 years in respect of offence punishable
   under s.304 Part I IPC would suffice. The sentences in
   respect of other offences remain unaltered. All the
   sentences shall run concurrently. [Paras 6 and 7] (189-       F
   A-CJ

      CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION.: Criminal Appeal
  No. 40 of 2009.

      From the final Judgment and Order dated 29.3.2008 of the   G
  High Court of Judicature at Allahabad in Criminal Appeal No.
  2927 of 1984.

       Anurag Pratap, Shekhar Kumar and Surendra Singh for
· the Appellants.                                                H
      186         SUPREME COURT REPORTS                (2009] 1 S.C.R.


 A       Ratnagar Das, Pramod Kumar Yadav, S.P. Sharma,
     Sandeep Singh and Anuvrat Sharma for the Respondent.

            The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

            DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J. 1. Leave granted.
 B
          2. A Division Bench of the Allahabad High Court
     dismissed the appeal filed by the appellants who were convicted
     for offences punishable under Section 302 read with Section
     149 and Section 307 read with Section 149 and Section 148
 c   of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (in short the 'IPC').

          3. In all five persons had filed the appeal. During pendency
     of the appeal before the High Court appellant accused Mangaru
     died and the appeal stood abated so far as he is concerned.
     The learned 3rd Additional Sessions Judge, Azamgarh, had
     found the five accused persons guilty in S.T. No.78of1982. The
     present appeal has been filed by four of the accused persons
     who were A2, A3, A4 and AS before the trial Court.

            4. Prosecution version in a nutshell is as follows:
 E
         The incident resulting in the death of Sukhai and causing
   injuries to Sabhajit and Laljit occurred on 26.12.1981 in Village
   Larpur Saheb Ali situated within the limits of P.S. Didarganj,
   District Azamgarh. First Information Report was lodged on
_F 26.12.1981 by Ramjit S/o Sukhai Yadav Rio Village Larpur
   Saheb Ali. The case of prosecution as appearing from the
   F.l.R. in brief is that the chak of the complainant Ramjit was
   situated in northern side near to the house of Mangaru S/o
   Munne Lal Yadav. On 26.12.1981 Sabhajit, brother of the
   complainant, along with one Dhodhai (PW-2) was harrowing his
 G wheat field. At about 4.30 p.m. the bull of the accused Mangaru
   entered into another field of the complainant and started
   grazing and damaging the wheat crop. Sabhajit seeing the bull
   grazing and damaging his wheat crop, called Ramjit son of
   Mangaru and asked him to take out his bull. Sabhajit
 H complained also to Ramjit that their cattle always trespass in
                 RAMJIT AND ORS. v. STATE OF U.P.               187
                      [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.]
       his field and damage the grown standing crop. Thereupon, A
       Ramjit hurling abuses to Sabhajit went inside his house and
       immediately thereafter the accused Mangaru and Rajdev
       having lathies in their hands and Ram Bachan, Ram Achal and
       Ramjit armed with knife, bhala and gandasi respectively came
       there and they all began to assault Sabhajit. When on hearing B
       hue and cry, the complainant Ramjit, his father Sukhai and
       brother Laljit rushed to save Sabhajit, the accused persons
~
       assaulted Sukhai and Laljit also. Behind the complainant, his
       cousin lndrajit, witnesses Sabhajit S/o Bahadur Yadav and Sita
       S/o Madhar Yadav of his village and Ram Narayan Singh S/o c
       Hub Raj Singh of village Larpur Jhokhu as well as his maternal
       uncle Sudarshan of village Gilwara also reached there. On
       being challenged by these persons, the accused went away
       after causing injuries to Sabhajit, Laljit and Sukhai. The
       complainant Ramjit witnessed the incident standing at some D
~      distance. Sukhai having sustained serious injuries fell down in
       the field and died instantaneously. Sabhajit and Laljit also
       sustained serious injuries due to which they were carried to
       Government Hospital, Phulpur for treatment. The complainant
       with the help of Banarsi, Jeetu, Adhin and Keesa carried the E ~
       dead body of his father to P.S. Deedarganj and handed over
       written report there which was scribed by Abhai Raj (P.W.4).

           On the basis of written report the then Head Moharir, Bal
1"'
      Govind Tiwari prepared chik F.l.R. and registered a case on
      26.12.1981at6.30 p.m. under Sections 147, 148, 149, 323,         F
      324, 307, 302 l.P.C. at Crime No.106/1981 against Mangaru,
      Ramjit, Ram Achal, Ram Bachan and Rajdev and made entry
      in G.D. vide Ext.Ka-3.

           The inquest proceeding on the dead body of Sukhai was       G
       conducted on 27.12.1981 by S.I. Lat Buksh Singh (PW-5) who
'+·    prepared inquest report and connected papers. Thereafter, the
      ·dead body in sealed condition was sent through the constable
       Ram Ugrah Pandit for post mortem examination which was
       conducted on 28.12.1981 at 2.00 p.m. by Dr. S.N. Sinha (PW-
                                                                       H
    188       SUPREME COURT REPORTS               [2009) 1 S.C.R.


A 7) who prepared post mortem report. Various injuries were
  found on the person of the deceased. Investigation of the case
  was entrusted to S.I. Lat Buksh Singh (PW-5) who recorded
  the statement of the witnesses and after making spot inspection
  at the instance of the complainant Ramjit prepared site plan.
B Blood stained and sample earth were collected from two places
  in the field of occurrence and one knife was also recovered
  from the place where the dead body of the Sukhai was stated
  to be lying in the field and fard Ext.Ka.8 and KA-9 were
  prepared in this regard. Thereafter, blood stained lathi, gandasi
c and bhala were recovered from the well of accused Mangaru
  at the instance of witnesses and fard was prepared.

       After completion of investigation charge sheet was filed.
  Since the accused persons pleaded innocence trial was held.
  Nine witnesses were examined to further the prosecution
D version. Sabhajit Yadav (PW-1) and Laljit (PW-3) were injured
  witnesses. Similarly, Dhodhai (PW-2) was also an eye witness.
  Placing reliance on the evidence of the eye witnesses the trial
  Court recorded the conviction as noted above.

E        In appeal, the primary stand was that occurrence took
    place in a sudden quarrel and, therefore, Section 302 has no
    application. It was pointed out that there was exchange of hot
    words and there was sudden quarrel because the bullocks
    damaged the crops.
F        The Hi~h Court did not find any substance in the plea of
    the appellants and upheld the conviction.

       5. Learned counsel for the appellants reiterated the stand
  taken before the High Court. Learned counsel for the
G respondent-State on the other hand supported the judgment of
  the Trial Court as affirmed by the High court.

      6. It is submitted by learned counsel for the State that this
  cannot be stated to be a case of sudden quarrel because the
H accused persons after the quarrel went inside and came back -
          RAMJIT AND ORS. v. STATE OF U.P.                  189
               [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.)

with arms. In the instant case though the witnesses stated that    A
after initial exchange of hot words and quarrel the accused
persons went inside and came back, it is to be noted that they
have fairly accepted that while the exchange of hot words,
quarrel was continuing and immediately i.e. in less than two and
three minutes they came back.                                      B

     7. That being so, in the peculiar facts of the case we are
of the considered view that appropriate conviction would be
under Section 304 Part I read with Section 149 IPC. The
conviction is accordingiy altered. The other convictions remain    C
unaltered. Custodial sentence of 10 years in respect of offence
punishable under Section 304 Part I IPC would suffice. The
sentences in respect of other offences remain unaltered. All the
sentences shall run concurrently.

    8. The appeal is allowed to the aforesaid extent.              D
B.B.B.                                  Appeal partly allowed.