SANKALCHAN JAYCHANDBHAI PATEL AND ORS.versusVITHALBHAI JAYCHANDBHAI PATEL AND ORS.

           SANKALCHAN JAYCHANDBHAI PA'FEL AND ORS.                              A
                              v.
            VITHALBHAI JAYCHANDBHAI PATEL AND ORS.

                            SEPTEMBER 13, 1996

              [K. RAMASWAMY AND G.B. PATTAN~ JJ.]                               B

          Bombay Revenue Jurisdiction Act :

      Section I I-Whether a bar to entertaining a civil suit-Held, there is a
prohibition on the Civil Court to entertain any suit against the Government     C
on account of any act or omission of any Revenue Officer-But there is no
prohibition on private pa1ties inter se to avail of the remedy of the suit
provided under CPC-Hence Civil Suit is maintainable-Code of Civil Pro-.
cedure-:-Section 9.

     ·CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal Nos. 12808-09 D
of 1996.

      From the Judgment and order dated 30.6.95 of the Gujarat High
·Court in M.C.A. No. 656 of 1995.

          Yashank Adharya, Braj K. Misra and Ejaz Maqbool for the Appel-        E
 lants.

          The following Order of the Court was delivered :

          Leave granted.
                                                                                F
       These appeals by special leave arise from the order of the learned
 single Judge of the High Court of Gujarat, originally made on March 23,
 1995 in Order No. 40/95 and in MCA No. 656/95 on June 30, 1995.

       The facts are fairly not in dispute. The admitted position is that the G
 appellant and the respondent had jointly purchased the suit schedule
 property. It would appear that there was a partition between them as
 co-owners on March 20, 1982. Subsequently, it would appear that mutation
 was effected in the revenue record on July 21, 1982 to the extent of the
 property that had fallen to the share of the appellant who claims to have
 a further effected partition between the appellant and his children on July H
                                      333
    334                   SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1996] SUPP. 6 S.C.R.

A   24, 1986. It is the case of the appellant th.at the respondent filed an appeal
    under Section 11 of the Bombay Revenue Jurisdiction Act which was
    dismissed by the appellate Court on March 9, 1994. Without availing of the
    further right of revision as provided thereunder, he filed the civil suit in
    the Court seeking declaration of his title to the property anq perpetual
    injunction. Initially, the trial Court refused to grant injunction. But, on
B   appeal, the District Judge had granted injunction pendi11g the suit restrain-
    ing the appellant from alienating the property. The revision was dismissed
    by the High Court. Review petition was also dismissed. Thus, these appeals
    by special leave.

C          The primary question raised by Mr. Yashank Adharyu, learned
    counsel for the appellant, is that Section 11 is a bar on entertaining the
    suit. The High Court, therefore, was not right in restraining the appellant
    from alienating the property without deciding jurisdiction issue, i.e.,
    whether the suit itselfis maintainable. In support thereof, he placed strong
  . reliance on a judgment of a single Judge of the Gujarat High Court in
D Rukmanibai v. The State of Gujarat, (1960) 1 GLR 1791. The question,
    therefore, is : whether Section 11 is a bar for maintainability of the suit? It
    is seen that the bar of Section 37 of the Bombay Land Revenue Code would
    be only as against the lands vesting in or befonging to the State. Therefore,
    it has not relevance to the inter se claims of the private parties. The High
E Court, therefore, was not right in relying on Section 37.
           Section 11 of the Bombay Revenue Jurisdiction Act reads as under:

             "11. Suits not to be entertained unless plaintiff has exhausted right
             of appeal. - No Civil Court shall entertain any suit (against the
F            Government) on account of any act or omission of any Revenue
             Officer Unless the plaintiff first proves that previously to bring his
             suits he has presented all such appeals allowed by the law for the
             time being in force, a within the period of limitation allowed for
             bringing such suits it was possible to present."
G        A reading of the section would clearly indicate that there is a
  prohibition on the civil Court to entertain any suit against the Government,
  no account of any act or omission of any Revenue Officer, unless the
  plaintiff first proves that he previously brought it by way of an appeal
  before the competent authority and within the time prescribed. Without
H availing of that remedy, he cannot present the suit against the State. The
                          SJ.PATELv. VJ.PATEL                             335

question is : whether Section 11 applies to the inter se claim of the private A
parties? It would be seen that learned single Judge has construed Section
11 of the Bombay Revenue Jurisdiction Act, and concluded that Section
11 prohibits entertainment of the suit between private parties unless the
plaintiff has exhausted right of appeal or revision prescribed therein and
available to him before he resorts to the suit challenging the order passed B
by the Revenue Officer. A reading of Section 11 does not indicate any
prohibition on private parties inter se to avail of the remedy of a suit
provided under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC). Section 9 or
CPC does not expressly or by necessary implication, prohibits the jurisdic-
tion of the civil Court to entertain the suit based on title.
                                                                                 c
       It is settled law that mutation entries are only to enable the State to
collect revenues from the persons in possession and enjoyment of property
and that the right, title and interest as to the property should be established
de horse the entries. Entries are only one of the modes of proof of the
enjoyment of the property. Mutation entries do not create any title or
interest therein. Therefore, the view taken by the learned Single Judge, with D
due respect, is not correct in law. The civil suit is clearly maintainable. The
High Court rightly granted injunction restraining the appellants from
alienating the land. Even otherwise, Section 52 of the Transfer of Property
Act /is pendense always stands in the way of purchaser of the land subject
to the result in revision.                                                      E
      Under these circumstances, we do not find any illegality in the order
of the high Court warranting interference.               ·

       The appeals accordingly dismissed. No costs.

G.N.                                                      Appeals dismissed.
                                                                                 F