SATWANT SINGHversusMALKEET SINGH

                           [2017] 6 S.C.R. 488



A                           SATWANT SINGH
                                    v.
                            MALKEET SINGH
                      (Civil Appeal No. 3001 of 2008)
B                             JULY20,2017
           [KURIAN JOSEPH AND R. BANUMATHI, JJ.)
          Contempt of Courts Act, 1971 - s.2(b) - Civil contempt -
  Appellant-contemnor, the investigating officer arrested respondent
C on a charge which was added subsequently u/s.307 IPC after the
  grant of anticipatory bail - Appellant punished for contempt of
  court's order - On appeal, held: Appellant tendered an apology
  explaining that he had only carried out the instructions of the
  superior officer and he bona fide understood the order passed by
  the Court to mean that the respondent was entitled to protection
D u/s.438, Cr.PC. only in respect of those offences reflected in the
  order and s.307, JPC having been added subsequently there was
  no impediment in proceeding with the investigation after arresting
  the respondent on that count - In the facts of the instant case, it is
  a plausible explanation to show that there was no wilful or deliberate
  attempt to violate the Court order - Apology is one of the defences
E
  in the case of a civil contempt and the Court is bound to explain as
  to why the apology should not be accepted - The sincere and
  unconditional apology tendered by the appellant is accepted - The
  conviction and sentence imposed on the appellant is set aside -
  Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - s.438- Penal Code, 1860 -
F s.307.
          Allowing the appeal, the Court
          HELD: 1. The addition of charge was based on a
  subsequent investigation on the direction issued by the Senior
  Superintendent of Police after disposal of the Section 438 petition
G by the High Court and the arrest also was carried out on his
  instruction. It is significant to note that when the FIR was
  originally registered Section 307 had been included. It was
  deleted based on the instruction of a superior officer. After such
  deletion only, the respondent approached the High Court.
  [Para 3) [489-G-H; 490-A-B]
H
                                     488
           SATWANT SINGH v. MALKEET SINGH                                      489


        2. In the facts of the present case, it is a plausible                 A
explanation to show that there was no wilful or deliberate attempt
to violate the Court order. No doubt, it would have been certainly
more appropriate to apprise the Court on this development and
seek modification. On the facts of this case, however, there was
no intentional move to overstep the order of the Court. Apology                B
is one of the defences in the case of a civil contempt and th.e
Court is bound to explain as to why the apology should not be
accepted. The apology tendered by the appellant has to be
accepted. The conviction and sentence imposed on the appellant
is set aside, accepting his sincere, genuine and unconditional
apology in writing before this Court and the High Court. [Paras                C
4-7] [ 490-D, E-G]
       CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 3001
of 2008.
        From the Judgment and Order dated 28.05.2007 in CACP                   D
No. 7 of2007 in COCPNo. 833 of2006 and 13.07.2007 in R.A. No.78-
CII of2007 in CACP No. 7 of2007 in COCP No. 833 of2006 of the
High Court of Punjab and Haryana at Chandigarh.
         Sudhir Walia, Ms.Niharika Ahluwalia, Dr. Abhishek Atrey, Advs.
for the Appellant.                                                             E
       Vikas Mahajan, Vishal Mahajan, Vinod Sharma, Bhaskar Y.
Kulkarni, Advs. for the Respondent.
        The Judgment of the Court was delivered by
         KURIAN, J. 1. This is a case where the appellant was punished         p
for civil contempt as defined under Section 2(b) of the Contempt of
Courts Act, 1971.
        2. Both the learned Single Judge and the Division Bench have
taken the view that once the respondent had been granted interim bail
under Section 438, Cr.P.C. as per order dated 17.02.2006, his arrest on        G
26.05.2007 on a charge which has been later on added under Section
307, IPC constitutes contempt.
         3. We find that this addition of charge is based on a subsequent
investigation on the direction issued by the Senior Superintendent of Police
                                                                               H
490             SUPREME COURT REPORTS                            [2017] 6 S.C.R.


A     after disposal of the Section 438 petition by the High Court and the
      arrest also was carried out on his instruction. It is significant to note that
      when the FIR was originally registered Section 307 had been included.
      It was deleted based on the instruction of a superior officer. After such
      deletion only, the respondent approached the High Court.
B              4. We find that the appellant had tendered an apology explaining
      his conduct before this Court in the Civil Appeal. We also find that the
      appellant had tendered unconditional apology explaining that he only
      carried out the instmction of the Superintendent and he bona fide
      understood the order passed by the Court to mean that the respondent is
      entitled to protection under Section 438, Cr.P.C .. only in respect of those
 c    offences reflected in the order dated 17.02.2017. Section 307, WC having
      been added subsequently there was no impediment in proceeding with
      the investigation after arresting the respondent on that count. In our
      view, in the facts of the present case, it is a plausible explanation to
      show that there was no wilful or deliberate attempt to violate the Court
 D    order. No doubt, it would have been certainly more appropriate to apprise
      the Court on this development and seek modification. On the facts of
      this case we are, however, convinced there was no intentional move to
      overstep the order of the Court.
               5. It is in that context, his apology becomes relevant. The
·E    appellant has tendered an unconditional apology for bona fide exercise
      of his powers as an Investigating Officer. Apology is one of the defences
      in the case of a civil contempt and the Court is bound to explain as to
      why the apology should not be accepted.
              6. In the facts and circumstances of the case, we are of the
 F    view that the apology tendered by the appellant has to be accepted.
              7. In this view of the matter, the Appeal is allowed. The conviction
      and sentence imposed on the appellant is set aside, accepting his sincere,
      genuine and unconditional apology in writing before this Court and the
      High Court.
 G             8. The Appeal is allowed in the above terms.


      Devika Gujral                                                    Appeal allowed.