STATE OF A.P.versusGUVVA SATYANARAYANA

                        [2008] 13 S. C.R. 960


A                         STATE OF A.P.
                                 \I.
                    GUVVA SATYANARAYANA
                (Criminal Appeal No.1453 of 2003)

                     SEPTEMBER 24, 2008
B
        [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT AND DR. MUKUNDAKAM
                       SHARMA, JJ.]

       Evidence Act, 1872: s. 32 - Dying declaration - High
c Court discarding dying declaration on the ground that same
  was not free from suspicion - Correctness of - Held: On facts,
  correct - Statement of mother of deceased that deceased re-
  gained consciousness the next day is contrary to the evidence
  on record -· Doctor who examined deceased when she was
  brought to hospital after sustaining burn injuries stated that
D
  deceased had stated to him that she sustained injuries acci-
  dentally at her residence - Penal Code, 1860 - s. 302.
        Prosecution case was that deceased was harassed
  by her husband, the accused for bringing dowry. On the
E day  of incident at about 8.30 p.m., accused quarrelled with
  deceased, doused her with kerosene and set her on fire.
  At 9.15 p.m., uncle of deceased lodged FIR. Magistrate
  recorded Dying Declaration of deceased on the same
  night in the presence of doctor. She succumbed to inju-
F ries after few days.
       The Trial Court relied on the dying declaration and
  recorded conviction under s.498A and s.302 IPC. On ap-
  peal, High Court found that the charge in respect of s.302
  IPC rested on dying declaration purportedly made by the
G deceased at5.40 a.m. on 12.4.1994 and the offence had
  taken place on 11.4.1994 at 9 p.m. High Court held that
  the offence under s.302 IPC was not established and the
  dying declaration was not free from suspicion. However,
  the charge relatable to s.498A was held to be proved, and
H                             960
                                                                   -
                 STATE OF A.P. v. GLJWA                 961
                    SATYANARAYANA

sentence of two years RI enhanced to three years RI.          A
Hence the present appeal.
     Dismissing the appeal, the Court
      HELD: 1.1. The first information report was given on
11.4.1994 at 9.15 p.m. i.e. immediately after the occurrence. B
In this report, the informant had stated that the accused
demanded dowry from the deceased and was beating her;
that on the date of incident he was drunk and demanded
additional dowry; that unable to bear the agony, the de-
ceased poured kerosene over her and set herself ablaze. c
In the first information report, therefore, the allegation was
that deceased committed suicide by setting herself on fire
after pouring kerosene. When the complainant was ex-
amined as PW-1, he accepted the contents of the report
and stated that the report was on the basis of the infor-
                                                               0
mation heard, given by a boy but no enquiry was made
from the deceased. He also could not talk to her. The boy
who had given the information was not known to him. He
stated that the deceased was unconscious and regained
consciousness only the next day around noon. The
mother of the deceased accompanied the deceased to E
the hospital also claimed that the deceased was uncon-
scious and regained consciousness only on the second
day. As rightly noted by the High Court, this was contrary
to the evidence on record. The Magistrate purportedly
recorded the dying declaration of the deceased at 5.40 F
a.m. on 12.4.1994. That means the deceased was con-
scious at 5.40 a.m. and doctor certified that she was con-
scious and coherent. [Para 5] (964, F-H; 965,A-C]
     1.2. To add to the vulnerability, Ex.P/12 was record G
of the case maintained by the hospital. When the doctor
examined the deceased she was conscious. The doctor
noted that the deceased had stated to have sustained
burns around 9 p.m. at her residence. She was given
some treatment and referred to the resident medical of-
                                                          H
    962        SUPREME COURT REPORTS                   [2008] 13 S.C.R


A ficer. The doctor noted that the deceased alleged to have
  sustained burns accidentally at her residence. It was fur-
  ther noted that she was conscious and coherent. It is,
  therefore, established that she was conscious when she
  was admitted to the hospital at 11.45 p.m. on 11.4.1994. If
B the accused had poured kerosene and set her on fire she                  \.

  would have stated the same in normal course to the doc-
  tor. Therefore, the factors highlighted by the High Court
  appear to be on sound footing. That being so, the order
  of the High Court does not suffer from any infirmity to
c warrant interference. [Paras 6, 7] [965,D-F]
         CRIMINALAPPELLATE JURISDICTION: Criminal Appeal
    No. 1452 of 2003
       From the final Judgment and Order dated 2/7/2003 of the
  High Court of Judicature, Andhra Pradesh at Hyderabad in
D
  Criminal Appeal No. 1432 of 2000                                         t

          D. Bharathi Reddy for the Appellant.
          Kamakshi S. Mehlwal (A.C.) for the Respondent.

E         The Judgment of the Court was delivered by
          l)R. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J. 1. Challenge in this appeal is to
    the judgment of the Division Bench of the Andhra Pradesh High
    Court directing acquittal of the respondent (hereinafter called
    as the 'accused'). The accused was convicted for offence pun-
F   ishable under Sections 302 and 498A of the Indian Penal Code,
    1860 (in short 'IPC') and sentenced to RI for life and two years
    respectively and a fine with default stipulation by the trial Court.
         2. Two charges were framed against the respondent.
  Firstly, it was alleged that the accused on 11.4.1994 at about
G
  8.30 p.m. subjected his wife (hereinafter referred to as the 'de-
  ceased') to cruelty and thereby committed the offence punish-
  able under Section 498A. Second charge was that he had com-
  mitted the murder of his wife by causing her death. Accused
  pleaded innocence and, therefore, trial was held.
H
                                   STATE OF A.P. v. GUWA                   963
     .l                      SATYANARAYANA [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.]

                 · 3.: Prosecution version in a nutshell is as follows:.         A
                    Smt. Guvva Renuka (hereinafter referred to as the 'de-
              ceased') .
                         was married
                               '·  .
                                  ',
                                      to the accused 7 years prior to her death
              at Bhongir. At the time of marriage, the accused was presented.
     ~
              cash of Rs.5,000/- and 3 tolas of gold. For one year, their mar-
              riage life went on happily. Thereafter, accused began to demand B
              his wife to get Rs.5,000/- from her parents, and she could not
              comply the said demand. He began to ill-treating and harass-
              ing her physically and mentally. In a panchayat, he was also
              admonished. However, he did not mend his ways and he was
              beating Renuka, corning fully drunk. On 11.4.1994 at about 8.30 c
-'          . p.m. the accused quarrelled with Renuka, doused her with kero-
 ~
              sene and set her on fire. At 9.15 p.m. Renuka's paternal uncle
              Pittala Anjaneyulu (PW-1) lodged teport with Bhongir town po-
              lice, and Y. VenkatReddy, Sub-Inspector (PW-11) registered
     -1       the case. He rushed to the house of the deceased and pre- D
              pared Ex.P.3 scene of offence panchanama in the presence of
              India Ramesh (PW-6) and another. He seized 5 litre kerosene
              empty tin M.0.1. He also prepared a rough sketch of the place.
              Renuka was shifted to Government Hospital, Bhongir, and from
              there to Gandhi Hospital, Secunderabad.                           E
                  Sri K. Seetharam Naidu, XIII Metropolitan Magistrate,
             Secunderabad (PW-9), recorded the dying declaration of
             Renuka on the same night, in the presence of Dr. I. Bhaskara
             Raju (PW-12), Casuality Medical Officer, Gandhi Hospital,
     ~       Secunderabad.                                                       F

                    Renuka succumbed to injuries at 2.30 p.m. on 23.4.1994.
               On receiving the intimation the Sub-Inspector (PW-11) requisi-
              .tioned M.R.O. PW-8 to conduct inquest, and it has been con-
            . ducted in the-presence of PW-7 and anotherpanch. Ex.P.4 is
                                                                                 G
              the inquest i;ianchnamma.
             ..      Dr. N. Duda1ah (PW-10) conducted autopsy over the dead
     ·'-   . ·."body of theRenuka and issued Ex.P.8 Post-mortem examina-
           · tion rep·ort.     · · ·· ·                     ·



-
                 .   ·.. !
 I
                                                                                 H
    964      SUPREME COURT REPORTS                 [2008] 13 S.C.R.


A        Charge sheet was filed in the Court of Additional Judicial
    Magistrate, 1st Class, Bhongir, who committed the case to the
    Court of Sessions, Nalgonda. The I Addi. Sessions Judge,
    Nal~1onda, framed charges under Sections 498-A and 302 IPC.
    The accused pleaded not guilty and claimed trial.
B       4. The trial Court relied on the dying declaration purport-
  edly to have been made by the deceased and recorded convic-
  tion as noted above. In appeal, the High Court set aside the
  conviction. The High Court found that the charge in respect of
  Section 302 IPC rests on dying declaration purportedly to have
C been made by the deceased at 5.40 a.m. on 12.4.1994. Of-
  fence had taken place on 11.4.1994 at 9 p.m. The High Court
  found that the accusations so far as Section 302 IPC cannot be
  established and the dying declaration was not free from suspi-
  cion. However, the charge relatable to Section 498A was held
D to have been proved. For the same, sentence of two years RI
  imprisonment enhanced to three years RI.
         5. In support of the appeal, learned counsel for the appel-
  lant submitted that the High Court was not justified in discard-
  ing the dying declaration. In the dying declaration deceased
E stated her husband poured kerosene on her and set fire. He
  intended to kill her. On asking why he did so, she stated that he
  had asked her to bring money from her house sometime and
  she stated that her mother was widow and was not in a position
  to pay amount demanded. As noted by the High Court, the first
F information report was given on 11.4.1994 at 2115 hrs. i.e. im-
  mediately after the occurrence. In this report the informant had
  stated that the accused demanded dowry from the deceased
  and was beating her. On the date of incident he was drunk and
  demanded additional dowry. Unable to bear the agony, the de-
G ceased poured kerosene over her and set herself ablaze. In the
  first information report, therefore, the allegation was that de-
  ceased committed suicide by setting herself on fire after pour-
  ing kerosene. When the complainant was examined as PW-1,
  he accepted the contents of the report and stated that the re-
H port was on the basis of the information heard, given by a boy
                          STATE OF A.P. v. GUWA                       965
    .)
                    SATYANARAYANA [DR. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J.]

         but no enquiry was made from the deceased. He also could not         A
         talk to her. The boy who had given the information and what was
         the source of information was not known to him. He stated that
         the deceased was unconscious and regained consciousness
         only the next day around noon. The mother of the deceased
    ~    accompanied the deceased to the hospital also claimed that           B
         the deceased was unconscious and regained consciousness
'
         only on the second day. As rightly noted by the High Court, this
         was contrary to the evidence on record. The Magistrate pur-
         portedly recorded the dying declaration of the deceased at 5.40
         a.m. on 12.4.1994. That means the deceased was conscious
I
         at 5.40 a.m. and doctor certified thatshe was conscious and
                                                                              c
\
         coherent.

               6. To add to-the vulnerability, Ex.P/12 was record of the
         case maintained by the hospital. When the doctor examined
    ~    the deceased she was conscious. The doctor noted that the            D
         deceased had stated to have sustained burns around 9 p.m. at
         her residence. She was given some treatment and referred to
         the resident medical officer. Here again the doctor noted that
         the deceased alleged to have sustained burns accidentally at
         her residence. It was further noted that she was conscious and       E
         coherent. It is, therefore, established that she was conscious
         when she was admitted to the hospital at 11.45 p.m. on
         11.4.1994. If the accused had poured kerosene and set her on
         fire she would have stated the same in normal course to the
    ~    doctor. Therefore, the factors highlighted by the High Court ap-     F
         pear to be on sound footing.
                7. That being so, the order of the High Court does not suf-
         fer from any infirmity to warrant interference.
                8. The appeal is dismissed.
                                                                              G
         D.G.                                         Appeal dismissed.

    t-