STATE OF MAHARASHTRA AND ANR.versusSURESH PANDURANG DARVAKAR

                                                                                       '-
A                    ST ATE OF MAHARASHTRA AND ANR.
                                    v.
                       SURESH PANDURANG DARVAKAR

                                  APRIL 13, 2006

B                  (ARIJIT PASA YAT AND S.H. KAPADIA, JJ.)


          Prison (Bombay Furlough and Parole) Rules, 1959:

          rr. 4(4) and 6-Release of prisoner on furlough-Grounds for-
C Explained-On facts, relative of prisoner refused to stand surety for him-
    Besides, High Court while releasing him has not recorded any finding that
    District Magistrate and/or Superintendent ofPolice did not object to the release
    on ground of public peace and tranquility-Order of High Court set aside-
    Prisons Act, 1894-s.3(5A).

D        State Government filed the present appeal challenging the order of
    the High Court releasing the respondent on furlough.

          Allowing the appeal, the Court

          HELD: 1.1. Rule 4(4) of the Prison (Bombay Furlough and Parole)
E   Rules, 1959 mandates that the prisoner who seeks to be released cannot
    be released if not recommended by the concerned authority on the ground
    of public peace and tranquility. The High Court has not recorded any
    finding that the report of the District Magistrate and/or Superintendent
    of Police had not objected to the release on furlough on the ground of
    public peace and tranquility. (ll31-E-Fl
F
          1.2. Further, Rule 6 requires that (a) a relative of the applicant
    should be willing to receive him while on furlough and (b) he must be ready
    to enter into a surety bond. In the instant case, the relatives refused to
    execute such surety bond. The verification reports received by the police
    from the District Magistrate and the Superintendent of Police indicate that
G   the sister of the respondent refused to stand surety as the respondent
    allegedly committed rape on his step mother. In view of the adverse police
    report and non-compliance with the requirements stipulated under rr. 4(4)
    and 6, the competent authority rejected the application for grant of
    furlough. Unfortunately, the High Court does not appear to have

H                                        1128
 STATE OF MAHARASHTRA v. SURESH PANDURANG DARVAKAR [PASAYAT, J.Jl 129

addressed itself to these relevant aspects. Order of the High Court is set        A
aside. It is, however, open to the respondent to apply for release on
fulfillment of the requisite conditions as prescribed in the Rules.
                                                             (1131-A-D; 'F)

      CRIMINAL ORIGINAL JURISDICTION : Criminal Appeal No. 421
ci2006.                                                                           B
      From the Judgment and Order dated 7.12.2005 of the High Court of
Judicature of Bombay at Nagpur in Cr. W.P. No. 504 of 2005.

      S.S. Shinde and V.N. Raghupathy for the Appellants.
                                                                                  c
      The Judgment of the Court was delivered by

      ARIJIT PASAYAT, J. Leave granted.

      Heard counsel for the appellants.

      None appears for the respondent in spite of service of notice. The State    D
of Maharashtra and the Superintendent, District Prison, Akola, Maharashtra
challenge the order passed by learned Single Judge of the Bombay High
Court, Nagpur Bench accepting respondent's prayer for release on furlough.
By the impugned order, learned Single Judge directed release of the respondent
on furnishing his surety of Rs. 500 lying in deposit with the jail authorities.   E
      According to the learned counsel for the appellants, the High Court has
not kept in view Rules 4(4) and 6 of the Prison (Bombay Furlough and
Parole) Rules, 1959 (in short, the 'Rules'). The said Rules have been framed
in exercise of powers conferred by Clauses (5) and (28) of Section 59 of the
Prisons Act, 1894 (in short the 'Act') in its application to the State of F
Maharashtra as it stood then. The expression 'Furlough System' is defined in
Clause 5(A) of Section 3 of the Act, while the expression 'Parole System' is
defined .in Clause 5(B) of the said provision. The underlying object of the .
Rules relating to 'Parole' .and 'Furlough' have been mentioned in the report
submitted by All India Jail Manual Committee and the objects mentioned in
Model Prison Manual. The 'Furlough' and 'Parole' have two different G
purposes. It is not necessary to state the reasons while releasing the prisoner
on furlough, but in case of parole reasons are to be indicated in terms of Rule
19. But release on furlough cannot be said to be an absolute right of the
prisoner as culled out from Rule 17. It is subject to the conditions mentioned
in Rule 4(4) and 6. Furlough is allowed periodically under Rule 3 irrespective H
    1130                    SUPREME COURT REPORTS                   [2006] 3 S.C.R.
                                                                                       (   .
A of any particular reason merely with a view to enable the prisoner to have
    family association, family and social ties and to avoid ill effect of continuous
    prison life. Prison of furlough is treated as a period spent in the prison. But
    Rule 20 shows that period spent on parole is not to be counted as remission
    of sentence. Since the furlough is granted for no particular reason, it can be
B   denied in the interest of society; whereas parole is to be granted only on
    sufficient cause being shown.

           Rule 4(4) and 6 read as follows :

           Rule 4: When prisoners shall not be granted furlough.

C           The following categories of prisoners shall not be considered for
            release on furlough:

            xx                      xx                     xx

            (4) Prisoners whose release is not recommended in Greater Bombay
D           by the Commissioner of Police and elsewhere, by the District
            Magistrate on the ground of public peace and tranquility.

             Rule 6: Furlough not to be granted without surety:

                 A prisoner shall not be granted furlough unless he has a relative
             willing to receive him while on furlough and ready to enter into a
E            surety bond in Fonn A appended to these rules for such amount as
             may be fixed by the Sanctioning Authority.

                 [Provided that the Sanctioning Authority may dispense with the
             requirement of execution of such bond by relatives of prisoners
             confined in Open Prisons as defined in clause (b) of rule 2 of the
F
             Maharashtra Open Prisons Rules 197 l.]

          A bare reading of Rule 4(4) indicates that release can be refused when
    the same is not recommended by the Commissioner of Police in Greater
    Bombay and elsewhere, by the District Magistrate on the ground of public
G   peace and tranquility.

        Rule 6, inter alia, provides that a prisoner shall not be granted furlough
  unless he has a relative willing to receive him while on furlough and is ready
  to enter into a surety bond in Form A appended to the Rules for such amount
  as may be fixed by the Sanctioning Authority. The proviso authorizes the
H Sanctioning Authority to dispense with the requirement of execution of such
    +-

         STATE OF MAHARASHTRA v. SURESH PANDURANG DARVAKAR [PASAYAT, J]            1131
         bond by relatives of prisoners confined in Open Prisons as defined in clause A
         (b) of rule 2 of the Maharashtra Open Prisons Rules, 1971. Therefore, the
         twin requirements flowing from Rule 6 are (a) a relative of the applicant
         should be willing to receive him while on furlough and (b) he must be ready
         to enter into a surety bond. In the instant case, the relatives refused to execute
         such surety bond. The verification reports received by the police from the
         District Magistrate, Amravati and Superintendent of Police, Amravati indicate
                                                                                            B.
         that the sister of the respondent refused to stand surety as the respondent
         allegedly committed rape on his step mother and has been convicted for
         offences punishable under Sections 376 and 354 of the Indian Penal Code,
         1860 and sentenced to suffer imprisonment for seven years with fine. In view


-        of the adverse police report and non-compliance with the requirements C
         stipulated under Rules 4(4) and 6, the Competent Authority rejected the
         application for grant of furlough by order dated 18.07.2005.

               Unfortunately, the High Court does not appear to have addressed itself
         to these relevant aspects. It took note of the fact that nobody was willing to
         stand surety for release of the respondent. The High Court directed that he D
         can be released on furnishing surety of amount lying in deposit with the jail
         authorities. That is not the only condition for release on furlough. There is
         another requirement. Even if it is held for the sake of argument that furnishing
         of surety of any amount lying in deposit with the jail authorities can be
         construed to be in compliance with the requirements of Rules 6, Rule 4(4) E
         mandates that the prisoner who seeks to be released cannot be released if not
         recommended by the concerned authority on the ground of public peace and
         tranquility. The High Court has not recorded any finding that the report of
         the District Magistrate and/or Superintendent of Police had not objected to
         the release on furlough on the ground of public peace and tranquility.
                                                                                           F
               Looked at from any angle, the High Court's order is indefensible. The
         same is set aside. It is, however, open to the respondent to apply for release
         on fulfillment of the requisite conditions as prescribed in the Rules. Needless
         to say that the same shall be considered in its own perspective in accordance
         with law. The appeal is allowed.
                                                                                           G
         R.P.                                                          Appeal allowed.