YASHWANT SINGH & ORS.versusSTATE OF BIHAR & ORS.

                    [2013] 8 S.C.R. 111


                YASHWANT SINGH & ORS.                           A
                              V.
                STATE OF BIHAR & ORS.
    (Special Leave Petition (Civil) No. 26824 of 2012)
                       JULY 18, 2013
                                                                B
      [ALTAMAS KABIR, CJI, ANIL R. DAVE AND
              VIKRAMAJIT SEN, JJ.]

      Service Law - Appointment - Of primary teachers - SLPs
filed by trained teachers for direction upon the State of Bihar C
to appoint them in the vacancies of primary teachers in the
State of Bihar - SLPs withdrawn on an undertaking given on
behalf of the State of Bihar - State of Bihar failed to abide by
its commitments -Contempt Petition filed - Same disposed
of with direction upon the State of Bihar to implement the D
undertaking given earlier - Further default on part of the State
of Bihar - Another Contempt Petition - Applications made in
the Contempt Petition by trained teachers similarly situated,
for being impleaded as parties - Orders passed by Supreme
Court directing that trained teachers be appointed against the E
available vacancies - Dispute in regard to the list of eligible
candidates - Retired High Court Judge appointed by
Supreme Court as Special Officer in whose presence the list
could be settled - List submitted by him accepted and in terms
of the recommendations made, 34, 540 candidates appointed F
in different primary schools in the State of Bihar - However,
some candidates, who had not appeared before said retired
High Court Judge, came up with fresh applications in support
of their cases - Most of the applicants were aggrieved by
some defect or the other in the preparation of the select list - G
Applications, SLPs and writ petitions filed before Supreme
Court directed to be treated as withdrawn, with liberty to the
parties to approach the High Court individually or otherwise,
for relief, if any, but without, in any way, affecting the
                             111                                H
    112      SUPREME COURT REPORTS               [2013) 8 S.C.R.


A   appointments of those teachers who have .already been
    appointed against the vacant 34, 540 posts and are working -
    Bihar Education Code - Chapters 6 and 7 - Bihar Elementary
    Teachers Appointment Rules, 2003.

B        CIVIL APPELLATt: JURISDICTION : Special Leave
    Petition No. 26824 of 2012.

        From the Judgment and Order dated 14.05.2012 of the
    High Court of Judicature at Patna in CWJC No. 8551 of 2012.

c                                  WITH

         I.A.Nos. 668, 669, 671, 674, 675, 676, 677, 679, 680, 681,
    Dy. Nos. 96650,102358, 102908, 107866/2011, 1117, 1251,
    3372,3363,4307,4775, 5820,4785,5802, 7277,8002, 7861,
    7860, 8223, 8232, 8025, 8709, 9296, 9291, 9610, 9582,
D   10029, 10303, 10783, 10777, 10773, 10772, 10817, 10822,
    11173, 4069, 11080, 11355, 11872, 12010, 12009, 12012,
    12523, 4473, 13535, 13533, 13883, 14230, 14529, 14902,
    14901, 15677, 5602, 17890, 17893, 19256, 20919, 20920,
    5727, 22003, 30504/2012, Contempt Petition (C) No.87 of
E   2013 in Contempt Petition (C) No. 297 of 2007 in SLP (C)
    No.22882 of2004, W.P. (C) No. 49 of2013, SLP (C) No. 5946
    of 2013, W.P. (C) No. 344 of 2012.
        U.U. Lalit, L.N. Rao, P.H. Parekh, R.P. Bhatt, L.
    Nageshwara Rao, S.B. Sanyal, S.R. Singh, Nagendra Rai,
F   Neeraj Kumar Jain, Santosh Kumar, Madhurendra Sharma (for
    Mushtaq Ahmad), Santosh Kumar (for Mushtaq Ahmad),
    Venkita Subramoniam T.R., Mushtaq Ahmad, Kumud Lata Das,
    Vishal Prasad, P.N. Puri, Nischal Kumar Neeraj, Jitendra
    Kumar, Sanjeev Kumar, C.P. Yadav, Syed Md. Rafi,
G   Rameshwar Prasad Goyal, Subhro Sanyal, Shawana Arora,
    Rakesh U. Upadhyay, Ranjit B. Raut, Neeraj Shekhar, Shirish
    K. Deshande, Dinesh Kumar Tiwary, N.N. Jha, Chandan Kumar,
    V.S. Mishra, Raghvendra Tiwary, Santosh Kumar Tripathi,
    Mukesh Verma, Pawan Kumar Shukla,, Yashpal Dhingra, S.
H   Chandrashekhar, D.K. Thakj/r, Devendra Jha, Debasis Misra,
  YASHWANT SINGH & ORS. v. STATE OF BIHAR &               113
                   ORS.
Manu Shanker Mishra, Anshuman Upadhyay, R.D. Upadhyay,           A
Amit Kumar, Atul Kumar, Ashish Kumar, Rekha Bakshi, Avijit
Mani Tripathi, Rituraj, Nirnimesh Dube, lftekhar Ahmad, M.
Qamaruddin, Ambar Qamaruddin, Abhishek, M. Qamaruddin,
M.M, Singh, D.K. Sinha, Dharmedra Kishor, Binay K. Jha,
Bipin K. Jha, Anilendra Pandey, V. Sushant Gupta, Dr. Kailash    B
Chand, Prabhash Kumar Yadav, Pushpa Mishra, Vijay Pratap
Yadav, Bankey Bihari Sharma, Braj Kishore Mishra, Aparna
Jha, Siddhartha Arya, Sanjay Jain, Shantanu Sagar, Smarhar
Singh, Abhishek K. Singh, Gopi Raman, Ram Shankar Das,
Chandra Prakash, Dr. S.K. Verma, Aftab Ali Khan, Nitin Kumar     C
Thakur, Rajesh Kumar Bachchan, B.K. Choudhary,
Ravishankar Kumar, Arun Kumar, E.C. Vidyasagar, Prem
Prakash, M.P. Jha, Ram Shankar Singh, Ram Ekbal Roy,
Pranav Kumar Jha, Harshvardhan Jha, Amit Kishore Sinha,
Sunil Kumar Verma, Shahid Anwar, Sumit Kumar, Shekhar            D
Kumar, S.K. Tirpathi, Raj iv Shankar Dvivedi, · Manish Kumar
Saran, Satya Prakash Sharan, Manjit Pathak, Rajan K.
Chourasia, Nirmal Kumar Ambastha, SanJf:!ev Kumar,
Sudhanshu Pole, Venkateswar Rao Anomolu, Pra~eep Misra,
Amit Sibal, Jafar Alam, Gaurav Dudeja, Md. lzhar Alam, M.P.
Singh, Hetu Arora Sethi, Gopal Singh, Manish Kuma'r. Susmita     E
Lal. Pranay Ranjan, Praneet Ranjan, Piyush Sharm~. Dinesh
C. Pandey, Dhruv K. Jha, Ravi C. Prakash, K.K. Jaipuri~, Bijan
Ghosh, Purushottam S.T., Filza Moonis, Brij Bhushan, Chandan
Ramamurthi, Dharam Bir Raj Vohra, K.N. Rai, Lakshmi Raman
Singh, Mohan Pandey, Prem Sunder Jha, S.K. Sabhrawal,            F
S.K. Sinha, Shree Pal Singh, In-person (in I.A. No. 439),
Revathy Raghavan, Anil Kumar Jha, B.K. Satija, Prashant
Chaudhary, Anil Kumar Tandale, Subramonium Prasad, Ajay
Jain, Karun Mehta, Varun Tandon, Neha Agarwal, Vishwajit
Singh, Ambhoj Kumar Sinha, Shekhar Prit Jha, Abhijit             G
Sengupta, Ratan Kumar Choudhuri, Kanhaiya Priyadarshi, T.
Mahipal, Aniruddha P. Mayee, P.V. Yogeswaran, Shashi
Bhushan Kumar, Vishnu Sharma, Gaurav Agrawal Prakash
Kumar Singh, Amit Pawan, Sridhar Potaraju, Devashish
Bharuka, Milind Kumar, Abhay Kumar, Arup Banerjee,               H
    114       SUPREME COURT REPORTS                (2013] 8 S.C.R.


A   Abhishek Atrey, Aruna Gupta, Rajiv Shankar Dvivedi, Mithilesh
    Kumar Singh, Mohit Kumar Shah, Sanjay Kumar Visen, G.P.
    Singh, Manendra Dubey, Abhishek, Shirish K. Deshpande,
    Vikas Giri for the appearing parties.
          The Order of the Court was delivered by
B
                                 ORDER
         ALTAMAS KABIR, CJI. 1. Special Leave Petition (Civil)
    Nos. 22882-22888 of 2004 were filed by several trained
    teachers for a direction upon the State of Bihar to appoint them
c   in the vacancies in the post of primary teachers in the State of
    Bihar. The same was withdrawn on an undertaking given on
    behalf of the State of Bihar on 18th January, 2006, whereby the
    State of Bihar committed itself to recruiting and filling up the
    vacant posts of teachers in primary schools with trained
o   teachers. The undertaking given by the State of Bihar reads as
    follows:
          "That in the meantime, it has been decided that trained
          teachers be recruited on the vacant posts available in the
          State of Bihar. The Bihar Elementary Teachers
E         Appointment Rules, 2003 having been quashed by the
          Patna High Court, new recruitment rules are contemplated
          to facilitate recruitment of trained teachers in a
          decentralized manner, by giving them age relaxation as
          ordered by the High Court.
F         That Chapters 6 and 7 of the Bihar Education Code
          relating to oriental education and hostels and messes will
          be kept in mind, as directed by the Patna High Court, while
          making recruitment of teachers.

G         That it is respectfully submitted that since the number of
          available trained teachers in the State is expected to be
          less than the available vacancies, no test for selection is
          required to that extent, a reference to this Bihar Public
          Service Commission for initiating the process of
          recruitment of trained teachers may not be necessary, and
H
 YASHWANT SINGH & ORS. v. STATE OF BIHAR &                     115
        ORS. [AlTAMAS KABIR, CJI.]
    the order of this Hon'ble Court and of the Patna High Court       A
    in this regard may be modified"
      2. The application made for withdrawal of the Special
Leave Petition was disposed of by this Court on 23rd January,
2006. Subsequently, when the State of Bihar failed to abide by
its commitments and assurances, the Petitioner, Nand Kishore          B
Ojha, filed Contempt Petition (Civil) No. 207 of 2006, and the
same was disposed of with a direction upon the State of Bihar
to implement the undertaking given earlier, upon a categorical
statement being made that priority would be given to the trained
teachers in matters of appointment in the said posts.                 C
        3. Thereafter, on account of further default on the part of
the State of Bihar to honour its commitments, another Contempt
Petition, being Contempt Petition (Civil) No. 297 of 2007, was
filed and several applications were made in the Contempt
Petition by trained teachers similarly situated, for being            D
impleaded as parties to the proceedings. Ultimately, the
learned Attorney General appeared before us on 25th August,
2009, and assured us that it was not the intention of the State
of Bihar to resile from the undertaking given on its behalf. Since
there had been a change in the administrative set up in the           E
State of Bihar, the situation had become more complex and it
had become difficult to work out a solution to the problem posed
in filling up the vacancies in the post of primary school teachers
throughout the State of Bihar. When Contempt Petition (Civil)
No. 297 was taken up for consideration, we heard the same             F
along with several interlocutory applications filed by several
teachers having individual grievances and reserved judgment.
     4. By our order dated 13th October, 2011, on the Contempt
Petition filed in SLP(C) No. 22882 of 2004, arising out of the        G
breach of undertaking given on 18th January, 2006, by the State
of Bihar and the order passed on the basis thereof on 23rd
January, 2006 in the aforesaid SLP, we had passed orders
directing that the trained teachers who at one time were less
than the number of vacant posts, should be given appointment
                                                                      H
    116     SUPREME COURT REPORTS               [2013] 8 S.C.R.


A in the vacancies that were available. Subsequently, however,
  there was some discrepancy as to the number of vacancies
  available as against the number of teachers to be
  accommodated. Accordingly, we adopted a figure from an
  advertisement, which had been published for recruitment of
B primary school teachers and took the number of available
  vacancies to be 34,540. We had further directed that the said
  vacancies be filled up with the said number of trained teachers
  as a one time measure to give effect to the undertakings given
  on 18th January, 2006 and 23rd January, 2006.
C       5. Subsequently, it came to light that the number of
  candidates available were much more than the number of
  vacancies and there were also serious doubts raised about the
  eligibility of some of the candidates and the genuineness of
  some of the institutions from which they alleged to have
D received their training. In our order of 19th January, 2011, we
  had indicated that certain incongruities had been pointed out
  on behalf of the Petitioners with regard to the list of eligible
  candidates furnished by the State of Bihar.
        6. When the said dispute could not be resolved in terms
E of the list produced by the State of Bihar, we thought it fit to
  entrust a neutral person with the work and, accordingly, we had
  appointed Justice V.A. Mohta, a retired Judge of the Bombay
  High Court, who retired as Chief Justice of the Orissa High
  Court, as Special Officer in whose presence the list could be
F settled. However, since Justice Mohta expressed his desire to
  be relieved of the responsibility, by our order dated 24th
  February, 2011, while relieving Justice V.A. Mohta, we
  appointed Mr. Justice S.K. Chattopadhyay, a retired Judge of
  the Patna High Court in his place, to take up and complete the
G finalization of the seniority list. After much debate, the list
  submitted by Justice Chattopadhyay was accepted and in
  terms of the recommendations made, 34,540 candidates were
  appointed in different primary schools in the State of Bihar.
     7. The matter did not end there. On account of the fact that
H some of the candidates, who had not appeared before Justice
 YASHWANT SINGH & ORS. v. STATE OF BIHAR &                     117
        ORS. [ALTAMAS KABIR, CJI.]
Chattopadhyay, came up with fresh applications in support of          A
their cases and urged that there were various omissions from
the final select list, we decided to entertain the said
applications, particularly, on account of the directions, which we
had given, in our judgment and order dated 13th October, 2011,
that no court would entertain any objection or applications with      B
regard to the list of candidates, who had alreaey been
appointed, in terms of our earlier order.
      8. During the hearing of these applications, spec!_al leave
petitions and writ petitions, what emerged is that mo?t of. the
applicants were aggrieved by some defect or the ott]_er in the        C
preparation of the select list, which occurred on account of the
failure of the candidates to give their relevant particulars to the
Committee headed by Justice Chattopadhyay.
      9. Be that as it may, in the event, some discrepancies had
                                                                      0
crept in the final select list, the individual grievances contained
V:3rious anomalies, which it is difficult for us to unravel.
Accordingly, we modify our order dated 13th October, 2011,
and allow the applicants to approach the High Court for
redressal of their grievances. We also direct that the
applications, special leave petitions and writ petitions fited        E
before us be treated as withdrawn, with liberty to the parties to
approach the High Court individually or otherwise, for relief, if
any, but without, in any way, affecting the appointments of. those
teachers who have already been appointed againstlhe vacant
34,540 posts and are working. We have been inforRled during           F
the hearing that about 2413 posts out of the 34,54Qposts were
still left to be filled up. All the applications, Special Leave
Petitions and Writ Petitions are, therefore, disposed of in the
light of the aforesaid observations. We make it clear that none
of the persons appointed out of the 34,540 vacancies shouJd           G
be disturbed in any way, but the question of filling up the
balance vacancies may be taken into consideration, while
disposing of the applications in question.
B.B.B.                      SLPs & Writ Petitions disposed of.
                                                                      H