Registration of Births and Deaths Act, 1969

The petitioners sought mandatory ex gratia compensation for families of Covid‑19 victims under Section 12 of the Disaster Management Act, 2005, arguing that the word "shall" imposes a duty on the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) to prescribe uniform guidelines. The Union of India contended that "shall" sho…

The Committee for Citizenship Rights of the Chakmas of Arunachal Pradesh filed a writ petition under Article 32 seeking a direction to the Union of India to grant Indian citizenship to Chakma and Hajong refugees who migrated between 1964 and 1969 and have since settled in Arunachal Pradesh. The State of Arunachal Prade…

M. Manickam, a District Munsif, claimed that his date of birth recorded in service records (19‑Mar‑1947) was incorrect and sought to have it changed to 24‑Nov‑1950 to extend his retirement. He filed an application for change in 1993, more than five years after his entry into service, and addressed it to the Registrar o…

The appellant, Manoj @ Monu @ Vishal Chaudhary, was initially declared a juvenile in conflict with law but the High Court set aside that finding and ordered him to stand trial as an adult. He sought to prove his juvenility on the basis of a birth certificate, a school leaving certificate, an ossification test report, a…

The appellant, Mohd. Abdullah Azam Khan, was elected to the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly in 2017, but the election petitioner challenged his eligibility on the ground that he was under 25 years of age at the time of filing his nomination. The dispute centered on conflicting birth dates shown in two birth certific…

The appellants Murugan @ Settu (A1) and his accomplices A2 and A3 were convicted for kidnapping, compelling marriage and raping a girl, Shankari (PW‑4). The appellants contended that Shankari was an adult who voluntarily went with A1 and that the birth and school certificates were unreliable. The Supreme Court examined…

The Supreme Court examined a batch of petitions challenging the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Examination Byelaws, particularly their restrictions on correcting or changing names and dates of birth in certificates. It held that the Byelaws, framed by a body that functions as a State instrumentality, have …