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Patna High Court

MD. SAIYADversusThe State of Bihar

Decided
Disposal
ALLOWED

Holding

The conviction under Sections 304B/34 and 201/34 is set aside and the appellant is acquitted of all charges.

Summary

The appellant, Md. Saiyad, was convicted by the Additional Sessions Judge, Araria, for dowry death under IPC Section 304B/34 and for causing disappearance of evidence under Section 201/34, receiving life imprisonment and a five‑year term. The prosecution relied on the statements of ten witnesses and a post‑mortem report that showed no external injuries but indicated poisoning, asserting that the appellant murdered his wife over dowry disputes. The defence argued that the death was a suicide, that there was no evidence of dowry demand or cruelty, and that the prosecution failed to satisfy the essential ingredients of Section 304B, rendering the presumption under Section 113B inapplicable. The High Court examined the credibility of the witnesses, noted the lack of direct evidence linking the appellant to the administration of poison, and found the prosecution’s case insufficient to establish a dowry death. Applying the legal principles from Karan Singh v. State of Haryana, the Court set aside the conviction, acquitted the appellant of all charges, and ordered his release.

Issues considered

  • The prosecution proved the essential ingredients of IPC Section 304B (dowry death).
  • Whether the presumption under Section 113B of the Evidence Act applies in the absence of direct evidence of dowry demand and cruelty.
  • Whether the death was a homicide or a suicide, affecting the applicability of Sections 304B and 306 IPC.
  • The adequacy of medical and circumstantial evidence to sustain conviction under Sections 304B/34 and 201/34.

Legislation cited

Subjects

  • dowry death
  • IPC 304B
  • Section 113B presumption
  • suicide vs homicide
  • evidence appraisal
  • appeal under CrPC 374(2)
  • acquittal

Judgment

    IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
                CRIMINAL APPEAL (DB) No.662 of 2019
       Arising Out of PS. Case No.-9 Year-2018 Thana- JOKIHAT District- Araria
======================================================
Md. Saiyad S/o Halimuddin @ Md. Halimuddin R/o village- Chamanpur,
P.S.- Jokihat, District- Araria.
                                                   ... ... Appellant/s
                                 Versus
The State of Bihar.
                                                ... ... Respondent/s

======================================================
Appearance :

For the Appellant/s     :        Md. Fazle Karim, Advocate
For the Respondent/s    :        Mr. Dilip Kumar Sinha, APP
======================================================
CORAM: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE BIBEK CHAUDHURI
        and
        HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE CHANDRA SHEKHAR JHA
ORAL JUDGMENT
(Per: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE CHANDRA SHEKHAR JHA)

Date : 24-04-2026

                 Heard learned counsel appearing on behalf of

 appellant and learned A.P.P. for the State.

               2. The present appeal has been preferred by the

 appellant-convict under Section-374(2) of the Code of Criminal

 Procedure, 1973 (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Code’)

 challenging the impugned judgment of conviction dated

 07.05.2019 and order of sentence dated 09.05.2019 passed by

 learned Additional Sessions Judge-III, Araria in Sessions Trial

 No. 123 of 2018 (CIS No. 123 of 2018) arising out of Trial No.

 100 of 2018, whereby the concerned Trial Court has convicted

 appellant for the offence punishable under Sections 304(B)/34
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         and Section 201/34 of the IPC, where appellant sentenced to

         undergo rigorous imprisonment for life along with fine of Rs.

         50,000/- and in in default of payment of fine further directed to

         undergo simple imprisonment for one year, for the offence

         punishable under Section 304(B)/34 of the IPC and further

         sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for five years

         along with fine of Rs. 25,000/- and in default of payment of fine

         further directed to undergo simple imprisonment for six months,

         for the offence punishable under Section 201/34 of the IPC. All

         aforesaid sentences ordered to run concurrently.

                                 Case of prosecution

                         3. The brief facts of the prosecution, as it speaks

         through fard-e-beyan of the informant, namely, Imran (P.W. 4),

         which was recorded on 14.01.2018 at 22:10 hrs. by an Assistant

         Sub-Inspector at Jokihat Police Station is that his sister, Hena

         Parween, had been married to the appellant about five years

         earlier according to Muslim customs. After marriage, she gave

         birth to a son who died shortly after birth. Thereafter, her in-

         laws allegedly began demanding a motorcycle and a cow as

         additional dowry, leading to a case which was later

         compromised under pressure. On 14.01.2018, the informant

         received information that the accused persons had assaulted his
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         sister and poisoned her. They took her to Araria for treatment,

         where she died upon reaching the hospital. It was further alleged

         that the accused persons brought her dead body back and left it

         on a divider near Toll Tax Bhatta Chowk before fleeing. The

         informant claimed that accused persons killed her sister by

         administering poison.

                         4. On the basis of aforesaid fardbeyan, given by

         P.W. 4, namely, Imran (informant), Jokihat P.S. Case No. 09 of

         2018, was registered for the offences punishable under Sections

         328, 304(B), 201/34 of the Indian Penal Code.

                         5. Learned Magistrate on the basis of materials

         collected during investigation took cognizance and committed

         this case to the learned Trial Court for its trial and disposal.

         Learned trial court accordingly framed charges for offences

         punishable under Sections 306/34, 304B/34, 302/34, 201/34 of

         IC against appellant-accused, which was duly explained to him

         upon which he pleaded “not guilty” and claimed trial.

                         6. To substantiate its case, before learned Trial

         Court the prosecution has examined altogether 10 witnesses.

         They are:-

                                Sr. No(s).               Prosecution Witnesses
                                  P.W. 1                         Israil
                                  P.W. 2                     Md. Sabir Alam
                                  P.W. 3                         Belal
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                                      P.W. 4                 Md. Imran (informant)
                                      P.W. 5                         Nazra
                                     P.W. 5(A)                  Md. Nurul Hoda
                                      P.W. 6                     Abdul Raquib
                                      P.W.7                          Mehtab
                                      P.W.8                  Jitendra Kumar Sharma
                                      P.W.9                      Ashok Kumar
                                      P.W.10                  Dr. Rajendra Kumar



                         7. Apart from the oral evidence, the prosecution

         has also proved the following documents in order to prove the

         charges:-

                      Sl. No.            Exhibit Nos.         List of documents
                                 1.            Exhibit-1     Signature of Imran on fardbeyan
                                 2.            Exhibit-1/1   Signature of A.S.I. Ashok Kumar
                                                                       on fardbeyan
                                 3.            Exhibit-1/2   Endorsement of P.S. Case number
                                 4.            Exhibit-2               Formal FIR
                                5.             Exhibit-3               Charge-sheet
                                6.             Exhibit-4      Signature of Ashok Kumar on
                                                                      inquest report
                                7.             Exhibit-X            Postmortem report
                                8.             Exhibit-5      Certified copy of order sheet of
                                                             complaint case no. 360 C of 2017
                                9.             Exhibit-6     Certified copy of Complaint case
                                                                     no. 360 C of 2017



                         8. No defence witnesses were examined on

         behalf of accused/appellant during the trial.

                        9. The defence has also exhibited following

         documents during the trial to substantiate its case which are

         as:-
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                      Sl. No.        Exhibit Nos.            List of documents
                            1.        Exhibit-A         Order sheet dated 13.10.2017 of
                                                        Case No. M 39 of 2017
                            2.        Exhibit-B         Compromise petition in case no.
                                                        39 M of 2017
                            3.        Exhibit-C         Order sheet dated 01.02.2019 in
                                                        case no. 360C of 2017
                            4.        Exhibit-D         Compromise petition in case no.
                                                        360C of 2017



                         10. The statement of the appellant-accused was

         recorded under Section 313 of the Code after stating him

         incriminating evidences/circumstances as surfaced during the

         trial, which he denied and shows his complete innocence.

                         11. Taking note of the evidence as surfaced during

         the trial and the arguments as advanced by the parties, the

         learned Trial Court has convicted appellant/convict for the

         offences under Sections 304(B)/34 and Section 201/34 of IPC

         and sentenced him in the manner as stated above, after

         recording the acquittal of appellant for the offences punishable

         under Section 302/34 and 306/34 of the Indian penal Code.

                         12. Being aggrieved with the aforesaid judgment of

         conviction and order of sentence, the appellant/convict has

         preferred the present appeal.

                         13. Hence, the present appeal.

                         Argument on behalf of appellant

                         14. Learned counsel appearing on behalf of
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         appellant submitted that appellant has been falsely implicated

         with the present case as deceased committed suicide after

         consuming poison. This is supported by the fact as the

         investigating agency, upon completion of investigation, found

         the case fit only to be register under Section 306 IPC (abetment

         of suicide) and not under Section 304(B) IPC (dowry death),

         which reflects the absence of material indicating homicidal

         death or dowry-related causation. It is pointed out that evidence

         on record, including medical findings, indicates that the

         deceased herself consumed poison. However, the Learned Trial

         Court erred in presuming, without any reliable or corroborative

         evidence, that the accused persons administered poison to the

         deceased. Such a conclusion is based on conjecture rather than

         proof.

                         15. It      is further        submitted that since   no

         foundational aspects as to constitute offence under Section

         304(B) IPC was proved, therefore, the presumption under

         Section 113(B) of the Evidence Act is not available to the

         prosecution. Therefore, the burden remained on the prosecution

         to prove its case beyond reasonable doubt, which it has failed to

         do. It is also pointed out that the Trial Court adopted a selective

         approach in appreciating evidence, while disbelieving defence
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         witnesses on the ground that no one saw the deceased

         consuming poison, trial court ignored the equally important fact

         that no witness saw the accused administering poison, thereby

         applying unequal standards. In support of his submission

         learned counsel relied upon the legal report of Hon’ble Supreme

         Court as available through Karan Singh Vs. State of Haryana,

         [2025] 1 SCR 1370: 2025 INSC 133.

                         16. While concluding his argument, learned

         counsel submitted that impugned judgment have been founded

         on presumptions, conjectures, and selective appreciation of

         evidence rather than proof beyond all reasonable doubt. The

         prosecution has failed to establish the case of the appellant on

         the strength of reliable and cogent evidence, while crucial

         aspects such as the absence of a viscera report and lack of

         eyewitness testimony have been overlooked. The findings

         recorded are thus unsustainable in the eyes of law and have

         resulted in grave miscarriage of justice. It is, therefore, prayed

         to set aside the impugned judgment and extend the benefit of

         doubt to the appellant in the interest of justice.

                         Argument on behalf of the State

                      17. Learned A.P.P. appearing on behalf of State, while

         opposing the appeal submitted that the judgment of the learned
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         Trial Court is based on a proper and holistic appreciation of

         evidence and does not warrant interference. The prosecution

         case stands on consistent and reliable witness testimonies,

         which are duly corroborated by the medical evidence. The post-

         mortem findings—particularly the “swelling of the lower lip

         and congestion of lungs—clearly indicate antemortem injury

         and an unnatural death.” Minor discrepancies, if any, are

         natural and do not affect the core of the prosecution case. The

         circumstances establish a complete chain pointing towards the

         guilt of the accused, especially when the death occurred in a

         situation where the accused was in a position to explain the

         events, yet failed to offer any plausible explanation.

                      18. It is further submitted that absence of multiple

         external injuries does not negate culpability, particularly, where

         medical and circumstantial evidence clearly indicate otherwise

         and there is no material suggesting false implication. Hence,

         there is no occasion to interfere with judgment of conviction of

         appellant as recorded by the learned trial court.


                                 Deposition of witnesses

                      19. P.W. 1 is the Israel, He states that the occurrence

         took place about 6–7 months prior, and he was at home when he

         came to know around 7:00 PM that Hena Pravin had filed a case
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         against her husband Saiyad, which continued in court for about

         a year. He further states that on the day of Muharram, Saiyad

         took Hena Pravin away. According to him, despite his complaint

         to the police, Saiyad kept her with him for about three months,

         during which her whereabouts were unknown. He alleges that

         Saiyad secured bail in the earlier case by pressurizing her

         without paying the agreed compromise amount of ₹1,80,000,

         and thereafter committed her murder on the 14th, disposing of

         her body near the east side of the toll tax at Jahanpur. The police

         reached the spot, seized the body and the Scorpio vehicle, sent

         the body for postmortem to Araria, and later handed it over to

         the family, whereupon the witness gave his statement.

                      19.1. Upon cross-examination, he deposed that he had

         no direct knowledge of the incident and learned about the

         murder later, after which he went to Saiyad’s house where many

         people had gathered, but the body was not found there. He states

         that the body was discovered around 2:00 AM near the toll tax

         in presence of police. He also gives details about the vehicle,

         driver, and his son, and said that the driver informed his son that

         Hena Pravin was seriously ill and had been taken to a doctor,

         where she allegedly died. The witness acknowledges several

         omissions in his police statement, including not stating that
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         Saiyad had taken her to Delhi or forcefully taken her away

         initially, though he reiterates the latter in court. He denies

         suggestions of false implication, conspiracy for extortion of

         money, or that Hena Pravin died due to illness while being taken

         for treatment, maintaining that Saiyad is responsible for her

         death.

                      20. P.W. 2 is Md. Sabir Alam, he deposed that the

         occurrence took place on 14th January 2018, when he was at

         home attending his daughter’s wedding. In the evening, he came

         to know that Hena Pravin had consumed poison and was taken

         to the hospital, where she died. He further deposed that her dead

         body was later found near the toll tax ahead of Jahanpur. The

         police sent the body to Araria for postmortem, and although he

         did not see the dead body, he identified the accused Saiyad and

         gave his statement to the police.

                      20.1. Upon cross-examination, it was stated by him

         that Hena Pravin and Saiyad were living happily and she was

         never harassed for dowry. He stated that she did not consume

         poison at her in-laws’ house, but after returning from outside, it

         was suspected that she had taken poison and was taken for

         treatment. He further stated that while bringing back the body,

         the informant took custody of it near the toll tax and informed
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         the police. He adds that the couple lived well in Mumbai, earned

         sufficiently, and had started building a house, though Saiyad did

         not have good relations with his in-laws, which Hena Pravin

         tried to resolve.

                      21. P.W. 3 is Belal. He deposed that on 14 th January

         2018, he came to know around 7:00 PM that Hena Pravin had

         been murdered. He went to the place of occurrence, where the

         dead body was found near the toll tax on the highway around

         11:00 PM. He stated that villagers informed him that the body

         had been transported in a vehicle, after which he informed the

         police. The police seized the vehicle and driver, took custody of

         the body, and sent it for postmortem to Araria. He stated that

         Saiyad Alam and other in-laws jointly committed the murder

         due to a dowry case and maintenance case filed by the deceased.

                      21.1. Upon cross-examination, it was stated that he is

         not the eyewitness of the occurrence and learned about it from

         others whose names he cannot specify. He stated that when he

         reached the spot, the police were already present and the body

         was lying near the toll tax. He also admits not seeing the vehicle

         at the spot and acknowledges certain omissions in his police

         statement. He denies suggestions that the death was due to

         illness or that he has given false testimony, maintaining his
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         allegation against the accused.

                      22. P.W. 4, is Md. Ibran, who is also informant of this

         case, deposed that the incident occurred on 14 January 2018

         around 11:00 PM and alleges that Saiyad Alam along with other

         in-laws committed the murder of Heena Parween. On receiving

         information, he along with others went to Saiyad’s house at

         Chamanpura, where they learned that she had been killed and

         her body was taken in a Scorpio vehicle. The police were

         informed and had already reached the spot near Toll Tax Bhattha

         Chowk and recovered the body and sent it for postmortem.

                      22.1. During the course of cross-examination, PW 4

         stated that he is not the eye witness of the incident and his

         knowledge is based on hearsay. He states that when he reached

         the place of occurrence, the police were already present and the

         Scorpio vehicle was not there. He confirms that his statement in

         court is the same as given to the police and denies the

         suggestion that the deceased died due to illness while being

         taken for treatment or that he has given false evidence.

                      23. P.W.-5 is Najra, who stated during trial that

         incident occurred about 8–9 months ago around 4 PM, when she

         was at her home and learned that Heena Parween had consumed

         medicine. She was taken to Jokihat and then referred to Araria,
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         but she died on the way. While her body was being brought back

         from Araria, her family members allegedly took away the corpse

         near Jahanpur Chowk. In cross-examination, she stated that

         Heena Parween was living a good life with her husband Saiyad

         and that he used to earn well. She added that Saiyad did not

         have good relations with his in-laws and that a case was filed by

         Heena and was later compromised, which angered her family

         and led to disputes between her and her parents.

                      24. P.W. 5A is Md. Narul Huda, who stated that about

         a year ago, while he was at home, he heard that Heena Parween

         had been murdered and her body was thrown near the Toll Tax.

         He went to the spot where the police had already seized the

         body and prepared the inquest report, on which he signed as a

         witness. He also identified the accused Saiyad Alam in court.

         During cross-examination, he admits that he only came to know

         about the incident later and did not see the occurrence. He stated

         that around 100 people were present at the Toll Tax, he signed

         the papers around 11 PM, and he did not see any Scorpio

         vehicle. He further stated that the body was lying to the north-

         east side of the Toll Tax and denies the suggestion that he has

         deposed falsely.

                      25. P.W. 6 is Abdul Rakib stated that about 4–5
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         months prior, he learned that Heena Parween had consumed

         medicine, and was taken first to Jokihat and then to Araria for

         treatment, but died, and her body was later found near the

         barrier. He admits that he did not see the body at the spot and is

         unaware whether the police arrived there, though he was

         interrogated by them. During the course of cross-examination,

         he stated that the deceased had purchased and consumed the

         medicine herself and fell unconscious, after which she was

         taken for treatment in a hired Scorpio. He claims that Saiyad

         was with him in the village at that time and that the body was

         forcibly taken away from the vehicle by the informant and

         others. He further stated that Saiyad and the deceased lived

         happily without disputes, and conflicts existed between Saiyad

         and his in-laws over money and a dowry case, which was later

         compromised, leading to disputes within the deceased’s parental

         family.

                      26. P.W. 7 is Mehtab, who stated that about eleven

         months before, during a marriage ceremony where he was

         present with Saiyad, he learned that Heena Parween had

         consumed medicine following a quarrel. He also supported the

         occurrence.

                      27. P.W. 8 is Jitendra Kumar Sharma an ASI posted at
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         Jokihat Police Station on 14.01.2018, stated that the formal FIR

         and fardbeyan were recorded by different officers whose

         signatures he identifies, and thereafter same were marked as

         Exhibit-2 and Exhibit-1/1. After taking charge of the

         investigation, he visited the place of occurrence, where the

         inquest report was prepared near Toll Tax, Bhattha Chowk. He

         recorded the statements of the informant and witnesses,

         including relatives of the deceased, and inspected two places of

         occurrence—first at the road divider on NH-328 E near Bhattha

         Chowk and second at the in-laws’ house in village Chayanpur.

         After investigation, finding the case true, he submitted Charge-

         Sheet No. 48/18 dated 20.04.2018 against Saiyad, which he

         identified and was exhibited as Exhibit-3.

                      28.1. During cross-examination, he stated that several

         procedural lapses, including non-recording of dates and times of

         statements and movements in the case diary. He stated that the

         case was found true under Sections 306, 201, and 34 IPC. He

         also referred to the statement suggesting that the deceased

         consumed poison due to a domestic dispute and was being taken

         for treatment when she died. Some witnesses did not support

         allegations of dowry demand or physical abuse. He denies the

         suggestion that the charge-sheet was falsely submitted without
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         proper investigation.

                           29. P.W. 9 is Ashok Kumar, an ASI posted at

         Jokihat Police Station on 14.01.2018, stated that he prepared the

         inquest report of Bibi Hina Praveen on the same day, which he

         identified along with his signature, whereafter it was marked as

         Exhibit-4. In cross-examination, he stated that no external

         injuries were found on the body, the deceased was clothed, and

         the prima-facie cause of death appeared due to consumption of

         poison, as also stated by witnesses. He further stated that the

         inquest report was prepared based on information received at

         the police station at about 21:40 hours on the same day.

                           30. P.W. 10 is Dr. Rajendra Kumar, who was

         posted as Medical Officer (M.O.) at Sadar Hospital, Araria on

         15.01.2018 and conducted the autopsy upon Bibi Hina Praveen.

         Upon examination no external injuries were found on the body

         except swelling of the lower lip.

                      1.     Internal      Examination       (Dissection
                      Findings)
                      Cranial, thoracic, and abdominal cavities were
                      opened.
                      All internal organs (viscera) were found intact
                      and in situ.
                      Lungs were congested.
                      Stomach contained semi-digested food with
                      foul smell.
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                      2. Viscera Preserved for Chemical Analysis
                      The following samples were preserved and
                      handed over:
                      Stomach with contents
                      One kidney
                      Portions of small and large intestine
                      Portions of lungs, liver, heart, and spleen
                      3. Opinion on Cause of Death
                      No definite cause of death could be determined
                      at the time of post-mortem. Cause of death was
                      kept pending, subject to chemical analysis of
                      viscera.
                      4. Post-Mortem Report
                      The report is in the doctor’s handwriting and
                      bears his signature. The submitted copy is a
                      true photocopy of the original (marked as
                      Exhibit X).
                         30.1. Upon cross-examination doctor stated that no

         abnormality was found on the body of the deceased

                         31. In present factual scenario, it would be apposite

         to reproduce para no(s). 3, 6 and 7 of the Karan Singh’s Case

         (supra), which reads as under :

                     “3. The learned counsel appearing for the appellant has
                     taken us through the notes of evidence of material
                     prosecution witnesses. He submitted that all the allegations
                     made by the witnesses regarding the demand of dowry are
                     omissions. Therefore, there is no legal evidence to show that
                     the appellant demanded dowry. Moreover, there is no
                     evidence that the appellant subjected the deceased to cruelty.
                     Learned counsel relied upon a decision of this court in the
                     case of Charan Singh alias Charanjit Singh v. State of
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                     Uttarakhand and submitted that there is no evidence to show
                     that soon before her death, the deceased was subjected to
                     cruelty or harassment by the appellant for or in connection
                     with demand for dowry. He would, therefore, submit that in
                     the absence of legal evidence against the appellant, the
                     Courts ought to have acquitted him.
                     6. The following are the essential ingredients of Section 304-
                     B:
                          a) The death of a woman must have been caused by any
                          burns or bodily injury, or must have occurred otherwise
                          than under normal circumstances;
                          b) The death must have been caused within seven years
                          of her marriage;
                          c) Soon before her death, she must have been subjected
                          to cruelty or harassment by the husband or any relative
                          of her husband; and
                          d) Cruelty or harassment must be for, or in connection
                          with, any demand for dowry.
                     7. If the aforesaid four ingredients are established, the death
                     can be called a dowry death, and the husband and/or
                     husband’s relative,as the case may be, shall be deemed to
                     have caused the dowry death. Section 2 of the Dowry
                     Prohibition Act, 1961 provides that dowry means any
                     property or valuable security given or agreed to be given
                     either directly or indirectly by one party to a marriage to the
                     other party to the marriage or by the parents of either party
                     to a marriage or by any other person, to the other party to
                     the marriage or to any other person. The dowry must be
                     given or agreed to be given at or before or any time after the
                     marriage in connection with the marriage of the said parties.
                     The term valuable security used in Section 2 of the Dowry
                     Prohibition Act, 1961 has the same meaning as in Section 30
                     of IPC”
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                                 Discussion & Conclusion

                         32. In view of aforesaid, coming to the factual

         aspects of this case, it appears that none of the prosecution

         witnesses stated that sister of informant (P.W. 4) was subjected

         to cruelty arising out of dowry demand soon before her death,

         rather they stated that she was murdered by the appellant. The

         testimony of P.W. 1 to P.W. 7 not support the allegation of

         murder even as poison was not said to be administered by the

         appellant. P.W. 1 in his cross-examination stated that prior to

         the occurrence deceased lodged the case against appellant which

         was compromised against sum of Rs. 1,80,000/- but said amount

         was not paid by the appellant and, thereafter, creating a pressure

         he obtained bail in said criminal case lodged by the deceased,

         but this fact was not supported by P.W. 4/informant.

                         33. It also appears from the testimony of P.W. 1 to

         P.W. 7 that the dead body of the deceased was found at east of

         Toll Tax, Jahanpur. It was suspected to be thrown by the

         appellant and his family members. They are not the actual

         eyewitness of the occurrence. P.W. 6 stated that he came to

         know that after consumption of poison deceased was taken by

         family members for her treatment to Jokihat, where after she

         was taken to Araria for Dr. Arshad. He also stated that the
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         parents of deceased lodged a false case under dowry act against

         appellant, but same was subsequently compromised by the

         deceased without taking consent of her parents due to which her

         parents and brother were unhappy. P.W. 7 also supported this

         fact that quarrel took place between deceased and her brother

         that why she compromised criminal case with her husband.

                         34. P.W. 8, who is IO of this case deposed that he

         submitted charge-sheet under Sections 306, 201 and 34 of the

         IPC. However, the factual aspects of this case do not support

         this charge as, the testimony of witnesses does not indicate the

         act of appellant was of such a nature, as could be said to force

         the deceased to commit suicide without leaving any other option

         and, therefore, appellant was acquitted from charge under

         Section 306 of the IPC by learned trial court itself.

                         35. P.W. 8 also deposed that witnesses P.W. 5 and

         P.W. 2 did not support that any dowry demand was made. These

         witnesses were not declared hostile by the prosecution rather it

         was deposed by I.O. that during the investigation he came to

         know, regarding domestic quarrel of deceased with mother-in-

         law as to prepare cow dung cake due to which sister of

         informant (P.W. 4) consumed poison.

                         36. P.W. 9 is the seizure list witness, who also
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         supported that no sign of physical assault was found upon body

         of the deceased. P.W. 10 upon postmortem could not ascertain

         the cause of death, viscera was preserved but FSL report was not

         made available for consideration by the learned Trial Court.

                         37. In view of aforesaid, we arrive at the

         conclusion that prosecution miserably failed to establish

         foundational aspects for the offence punishable under Section

         304(B) of the IPC, in terms of legal ratio as discussed through

         Karan Singhs’s Case.                 No doubt, without proving the

         foundational aspects, presumption as available under Section

         113 (B) of the Indian Evidence Act cannot be import.

                         38. Accordingly, conviction of the appellant, as

        recorded by the learned trial court, is hereby set-aside. The

        impugned judgment of conviction and order of sentence dated

        07.05.2019 and 09.05.2019 as passed by the Additional Sessions

        Judge-III, Araria in Sessions Trial No. 123 of 2018, Trial No.

        100 of 2018 arising out of Jokihat P.S. Case No. 09 of 2018 is

        hereby set-aside. Appellant/accused is acquitted of the charges

        levelled against him.

                      39. Accordingly, the instant appeal is allowed on

          contest.

                      40. The accused/appellant be acquitted of the
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                       charges and released at once, if he is in custody.

                                   41. The Office is directed to issue release order at

                       once. Fine amount, if any, which has been deposited by the

                       appellant be returned to him.


                                                                  (Chandra Shekhar Jha, J)

                      Bibek Chaudhuri, J:- I agree

                                                                    (Bibek Chaudhuri, J)
S.Tripathi/Veena-

AFR/NAFR                       AFR
CAV DATE                       NA
Uploading Date          01.05.2026
Transmission Date       01.05.2026


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