Patna High Court
Parmanand YadavversusThe State of Bihar
- Decided
- Disposal
- DISPOSED
- Bench
- PURNENDU SINGH
Holding
The court held that, given the civil nature of the dispute and the parties' willingness to settle, pre‑arrest bail should be granted subject to mediation under the Mediation Act, 2023, and the criminal proceedings should be stayed.
Summary
The petitioner, Parmanand Yadav, applied for pre‑arrest bail in a case arising from a land dispute where he was alleged to have entered an informant's house armed and assaulted family members. The petitioner claimed innocence and that the matter was purely civil, seeking an amicable settlement. The State argued that the offences, listed under the Bihar Negotiable Statutes (BNS), were serious but also expressed willingness for settlement. The court, referring to the Supreme Court’s observations in Naushey Ali v. State of Uttar Pradesh, noted that the injuries and nature of the weapons did not substantiate an attempt to murder under IPC Section 307. Consequently, the court directed that the petitioner be released on pre‑arrest bail, subject to mediation under the Mediation Act, 2023, and ordered the district court to facilitate settlement, with bail conditions to be set by the district court.
Issues considered
- Whether pre‑arrest bail can be granted in offences under the BNS when the dispute is essentially civil and parties seek settlement.
- Whether the alleged offences constitute a serious offence warranting denial of bail.
- Whether the case can be referred to mediation under the Mediation Act, 2023.
Legislation cited
- Bihar Negotiable Statutes (BNS) — s. 109(1), 115(2), 126(2), 303(2), 3(5), 351(2), 352
- Indian Penal Code — s. 149, 307, 326
- Mediation Act, 2023
Subjects
- pre‑arrest bail
- mediation
- civil dispute
- settlement
- Bihar
- BNS
- Indian Penal Code
- Section 307
- Section 326
- Section 149
- Mediation Act 2023
Judgment
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
CRIMINAL MISCELLANEOUS No.12943 of 2026
Arising Out of PS. Case No.-205 Year-2025 Thana- AMARPUR District- Banka
======================================================
Parmanand Yadav Son of Bhupendra Yadav @ Bhaggu Yadav Resident of
Village - Dhusri, P.S.- Fullidumar, District - Banka.
... ... Petitioner/s
Versus
The State of Bihar
... ... Opposite Party/s
======================================================
Appearance :
For the Petitioner/s : Ms.Devika Rani, Advocate
For the Opposite Party/s : Mr. Ajit Kumar, APP
======================================================
CORAM: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE PURNENDU SINGH
ORAL ORDER
3 30-04-2026 Heard Ms. Devika Rani, learned counsel appearing
on behalf of the petitioner and Mr. Ajit Kumar, learned APP for
the State.
2. The petitioner seeks pre-arrest bail in connection
with Amarpur (Fulidumar) P.S. Case No. 205 of 2025 registered
for the offence(s) punishable under Sections 126(2), 115(2),
109(1), 303(2), 352, 351(2) and 3(5) of the BNS.
3. As per the FIR, the accused persons, including the
petitioner, allegedly entered the informant’s house armed with
weapons, assaulted the informant and her family members, with
an intention to kill, causing injuries.
4. Learned counsel appearing on behalf of the
petitioner submitted that petitioner is innocent and has falsely
been implicated in the present case. The petitioner and
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informant indulged into free fight due to admitted land dispute
and for the same, there is case and counter case between the
parties, in which, both the sides sustained injuries. However, on
instruction, learned counsel submitted that the matter is purely
civil in nature and to buy peace of mind, petitioner wants to
settle the dispute amicably outside the Court.
5. Learned APP appearing on behalf of the State
submitted that a chance be given to the parties for amicable
settlement outside the court.
6. Learned counsel appearing on behalf of the
petitioner, on instruction, submitted that the petitioner has
agreed to appear before the learned District Court at 10:30 A.M.
on or before 15.05.2026.
7. Heard the parties
8. Having heard the rival submissions made on
behalf of the parties, as well as, I have also perused the
allegation made in the FIR from which, it appears that a land
dispute between the parties is ongoing and in such
circumstances, an opportunity is required to be given to the
parties to settle their score amicably outside the Court.
9. In this regard, I find it apt to take note of the
observation made by the Apex Court recently in case of
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Naushey Ali & Ors. Vs. State of Uttar Pradesh & Anr. reported
in (2025) 4 SCC 78, in para-11 to 20, which are reproduced
hereinafter:
“11. Before we apply this judgment to
the facts, it will be worthwhile to recall the
observations of Sikri, J. in Narinder Singh
(supra):-
"26. Having said so, we would hasten to add that
though it is a serious offence as the accused
person(s) attempted to take the life of another
person/victim, at the same time the court cannot be
oblivious to hard realities that many times whenever
there is a quarrel between the parties leading to
physical commotion and sustaining of injury by
either or both the parties, there is a tendency to give
it a slant of an offence under Section 307 IPC as
well..."
(Emphasis supplied)
12. Coming back to Laxmi Narayan (supra), this
Court has held that mere mention of Section 307
IPC in the FIR or the charge-sheet should not be the
basis for adopting a hands-off approach. It has
further held that it would be open for the court to
examine as to whether incorporation of Section 307
IPC is there for the sake of it or whether there is
evidence to back it. It has been held that the courts
may go by the nature of injuries sustained; as to
whether the injuries are inflicted on the vital/
delicate parts of the body and the nature of weapon
used. It has also been clarified that such an exercise
would be permissible after investigation and filing
of chargesheet/framing of charges or during the
trial. [See 15.4 of Laxmi Narayan (supra)].
13. Coming to the facts of the case, admittedly, there
is a settlement between the parties. The case filed by
the appellants' party which was prior in point of
time and that too on the same day of occurrence,
has been settled.
14. It should be recalled that, at the outset, after
investigation, the police actually closed the case in
its final report of 07.09.1991. It was the trial Court,
which by its order of 05.09.1992, refused to accept
the same and summoned the appellants. The
incident is of 11.08.1991, i.e. about 33½ years back.
No doubt, there is a reference to the firing in the FIR
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but admittedly there was no injury. The allegation is
that firing was done by Abdul Waris. He is since
deceased. The facts, assuming to be true, also do not
make out a case of common object for the appellants
under Section 149 IPC insofar as the offence of
Section 307 is concerned.
15. The role attributed to the seven members,
including the five appellants is not specific. General
allegation was that they abused in filthy language
and assaulted Mahmood with lathi and iron bars.
The specific individual role was only attributed to
Adbul Waris, who is since deceased.
16. In any event, the police who investigated
disbelieved the entire story. No recoveries have been
made of any pellets. What engaged the attention of
the High Court was only the fracture of the head of
the distal phalanx of left finger of respondent No.2.
17. We have seen the injuries sustained by
Mahmood (R-2) from the medical evidence
collected. From the injury report, it is clear that
while the first four injuries were contusions and
abrasions, injury Nos. 5, 6 and 7 pertained to
incised lacerated wound and swelling on the middle
finger of the left hand. We have also seen the x-ray
report which shows that in the left hand there was a
fracture of the head of distal phalanx of left ring
finger. Assuming that this was the result of injury
with lathis or iron bar, applying the test in Laxmi
Narayan (supra), considering the injury and the
nature of the weapon used, certainly no offence
under Section 307 IPC is made out.
18. Section 307 of IPC reads as under:-
"307. Attempt to murder.-
Whoever does any act with such intention or
knowledge, and under such circumstances that, if he
by that act caused death, he would be guilty of
murder, shall be punished with imprisonment of
either description for a term which may extend to
ten years, and shall also be liable to fine; and if hurt
is caused to any person by such act, the offender
shall be liable either to imprisonment for life, or to
such punishment as is hereinbefore mentioned.
Attempts by life convicts.- When any person
offending under this section is under sentence of
imprisonment for life, he may, if hurt is caused, be
punished with death."
19. Keeping in mind the surrounding circumstances,
the nature of the weapon and the nature of the
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injury, on facts, we are inclined to conclude that the
overt act attributed to the appellants does not bring
the case within the four corners of the Section 307
of IPC, either on a stand-alone basis or as held
above with the aid of Section 149 of IPC.
20. We are also inclined to conclude that
considering the overall circumstances, the nature of
the weapon and the nature of the injury (fracture of
the head of distal phalanx of left ring finger), the
offence alleged, on facts, does not fall in that
category of cases where the court should deny relief
in the event of a settlement. At the highest, the
offence alleged could be one under Section 326 of
IPC. It could not be said, on facts, considering all
the circumstances that this is a crime which has
such an harmful effect on the public and that it has
the effect of seriously threatening the well-being of
the society. We make it clear that we are saying so
on the facts of the present case. We are also firmly of
the opinion that proceeding with the trial, when
parties have amicably resolved the dispute in the
present case, would be futile and the ends of justice
require that the settlement be given effect to by
quashing the proceedings. It would be a grave abuse
of process to let this trial remain pending under the
above circumstances, particularly when the dispute
is settled and resolved.”
10. The petitioner has willingly desired to appear
before the learned District Court on or before 15.05.2026, so
that the matter can be referred to the District Mediation Centre.
11. Learned District Court is directed to take
necessary steps to issue notices to the respective parties and
upon their appearance refer the matter under the provision of
Mediation Act, 2023 before the learned Mediator of the District
Mediation Centre by fixing a date for appearance of the parties
to give effect to “Mediation for the Nation 2.0”.
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12. Learned Mediator of the District Mediation Center
concerned, upon appearance of the parties, shall make his/her
best efforts to settle the dispute amicably and thereafter submit
his/her report before the concerned learned District Court, well
within a period of three months, till then, no coercive action
shall be taken against the petitioner in connection with the
aforesaid case.
13. In case, the parties resolve their dispute amicably
or arrive at a mutual settlement, in light of the law laid down by
the Apex Court, the petitioner is required to be released on pre-
arrest bail on such terms and conditions as the learned District
Court deems it fit and proper.
14. In case of failure on the part of the petitioner to
appear on or before 15.05.2026 before the learned District Court
or any date fixed by the learned Mediator, the interim protection
granted to the petitioner shall automatically lose its force.
15. In case, it is deliberate on the part of the
informant to reconcile, then in that case, the interim
protection granted to the petitioner shall continue and the trial
shall proceed in accordance with law.
16. In case, the parties fail to reconcile, then in that
case, parties may avail appropriate remedy. Then also, petitioner
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is directed to be released on pre-arrest bail on such terms and
conditions as the learned District Court deems it fit and proper.
17. If both the parties arrive at amicable settlement,
then they must withdraw the criminal cases, which they have
lodged against each other.
18. With aforesaid direction and observation, the
present application stands disposed of.
19. Let a copy of this order be communicated to the
Member Secretary, Bihar State Legal Services Authority and the
Patna High Court Mediation Centre for the purpose of record.
(Purnendu Singh, J)
Sanjay/-
U T
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