Allahabad High Court
RAFUDDEENversusSTATE OF U.P. AND ANOTHER
- Decided
- Bench
- SAURABH SRIVASTAVA
Holding
The order dated 25‑02‑2026 rejecting the applicant’s request for cross‑examination is quashed, and the applicant is allowed one date to cross‑examine PW‑1 and PW‑2, subject to the deposit of Rs.2,000 and the condition that no further cross‑examination is permitted if a Section 313 statement has already been recorded.
Summary
Rafuddeen filed an application under the High Court's inherent jurisdiction seeking to quash the order dated 25‑02‑2026 of the Additional District and Sessions Judge (Special Judge, POCSO) which had rejected his Section 311 Cr.P.C. application for further cross‑examination of prosecution witnesses PW‑1 and PW‑2. The applicant argued that important questions remained unanswered during the trial and that his right to a fair trial required an opportunity to cross‑examine. The State opposed the prayer. Relying on the decision in G.R. Gulati v. State of U.P., the Court held that the trial court must ensure truth‑finding and protect the accused’s right to a fair trial. Consequently, the order rejecting the cross‑examination request was quashed, and the applicant was permitted a single date to cross‑examine PW‑1 and PW‑2 upon depositing a nominal cost, subject to the condition that if a Section 313 statement had already been recorded, no further cross‑examination would be allowed. The application was therefore partly allowed.
Issues considered
- The propriety of quashing the trial court's order rejecting a Section 311 Cr.P.C. application for cross‑examination.
- Whether the accused’s right to a fair trial includes a court‑ordered opportunity to cross‑examine prosecution witnesses when the trial court has not permitted it.
- The applicability of the principles laid down in G.R. Gulati v. State of U.P. regarding the court’s duty to examine witnesses of its own accord.
- The effect of a recorded Section 313 statement on the possibility of further cross‑examination.
Legislation cited
- Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 — s. 311, 313
- Indian Penal Code — s. 147, 304, 336
Subjects
- inherent jurisdiction
- cross‑examination
- Section 311 CrPC
- fair trial
- POCSO
- SC/ST Act
- criminal procedure
- quash order
Judgment
HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT ALLAHABAD
APPLICATION U/S 528 BNSS No. - 15930 of 2026
Rafuddeen
.....Applicant(s)
Versus
State of U.P. and Another
.....Opposite
Party(s)
Counsel for Applicant(s) : Mohammad Belal
Counsel for Opposite Party(s) : G.A.
Court No. - 77
HON'BLE SAURABH SRIVASTAVA, J.
1. Heard Mr. Mohammad Belal, learned counsel for the applicant
and learned A.G.A. for the State.
2. The applicant, by means of this application has invoked the
inherent jurisdiction of this Court with a prayer to quash the order
dated 25.2.2026 passed by learned Additional District and
Sessions Judge/Special Judge (POCSO), SC/ST Act, Hapur in
Session Case no. 145 of 2025 arising out of Case Crime no. 573
of 2023 under sections 147, 336, 304 IPC, PS- Pilkhuwa, District
Hapur.
3. Learned counsel for applicant submitted that during trial of
aforesaid Session Case no. 145 of 2025, on dated 2.9.2024 and
17.3.2025, testimony of PW1 and PW2 was recorded but on that
date some important questions could not be asked by the
applicant's counsel. Being aggrieved with same, applicant moved
application under Section 311 Cr.P.C before learned trial court on
2.2.2026 mentioning that it is necessary to provide opportunity to
applicant for witness/cross-examination of PW1 and PW2 but the
said application has been rejected vide impugned order dated
25.2.2026. Learned counsel for applicant undertakes not to seek
further cross-examination of any prosecution witnesses and
NA528 No. 15930 of 2026
2
prayed for only one date opportunity to cross-examine PW-1.
4. Per contra, learned AGA opposed the prayer sought through
the instant application.
5. Since the entire argument has been raised by learned counsel
for applicant over legal issue as such process to issue notice to
opposite party no. 2 is hereby dispensed with.
6. Learned counsel for applicant placed reliance upon a decision
of this Court in the case of G.R.Gulati Vs. State of U.P. &
another, 2014 (3) JIC 729 (Alld), wherein paragraphs 6 and 9 it
has been held as below:
"6. .....There is a duty cast upon the court to arrive at the truth by all
lawful means and one of such means is the examination of witnesses of its
own accord when for certain obvious reasons either party is not prepared
to call witnesses who are known to be in a position to speak important
relevant facts.
...
...
9. .....The prompt decision of criminal case is to be commended and
encouraged but in reaching at these results, the accused, who are
charged with a serious offence, must not be stripped of his valuable right
of a fair and impartial trial because it would be negation of concept of
due process of law. Regardless of the merits of the case, the court has not
only to look into the case of the prosecution but has also to keep in mind
the defence version."
7. Having considered the arguments so advanced by learned
counsel for the parties and looking into the gravity of the offence
for which the applicant has been charged and to balance the scale
of justice, order dated 25.2.2026 passed by learned Additional
District and Sessions Judge/Special Judge (POCSO), SC/ST Act,
Hapur in Session Case no. 145 of 2025, is hereby quashed.
Applicant be allowed only one date opportunity to cross-examine
PW-1 and PW-2 at the cost Rs.2,000/- to be deposited by the
applicant before trial court concerned and thereafter learned trial
NA528 No. 15930 of 2026
3
court will summon PW-1 and PW-2 for cross-examination on the
date fixed and the witness will be cross-examined on the same
date positively. However, it is made clear that if statement under
Section 313 Cr.P.C. has already been recorded, no opportunity in
favour of applicant for cross-examining the PW-1 and PW-2 will
be extended by learned trial court concerned.
8. In view thereof, the instant application is partly allowed.
May 5, 2026
Shaswat
(Saurabh Srivastava,J.)
Digitally signed by :-
SHASWAT SINGH
High Court of Judicature at Allahabad
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