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Allahabad High Court

SMT. RESHAM KUMARI AND ANOTHERversusTHE STATE OF UP AND 3 OTHERS

Decided

Holding

Adults who are of majority and cohabit by free will cannot be interfered with, and the Court may order police protection subject to registration of the marriage within two months.

Summary

The petitioners, Resham Kumari and her husband, are adults who have cohabited and applied for marriage registration, but face threats and harassment from a private respondent and family members. They filed a writ petition seeking a mandamus directing the respondents not to interfere with their peaceful married life and to obtain police protection. The Court, relying on Supreme Court precedents that adults may choose their partners and live together without external interference, held that no one, including parents, can restrict their liberty. It directed the Superintendent of Police to provide immediate protection upon presentation of the order and mandated that the petitioners register their marriage within two months, else the protection would lapse. The Court clarified that it has not adjudicated the validity of the marriage itself. Consequently, the petition was disposed with no costs awarded.

Issues considered

  • Whether a writ of mandamus can be issued to prevent interference in the cohabitation of adult individuals.
  • Whether the Court can direct police protection for the petitioners under the circumstances.
  • Whether the petitioners must register their marriage within a specified period as a condition for continued protection.

Subjects

  • adult cohabitation
  • personal liberty
  • mandamus
  • police protection
  • marriage registration
  • family harassment
  • Supreme Court precedents

Judgment

         HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT ALLAHABAD
                        WRIT - C No. - 17763 of 2026

Smt. Resham Kumari And Another
                                                             .....Petitioner(s)
                                   Versus

The State Of Up And 3 Others
                                                           .....Respondent(s)

Counsel for Petitioner(s)                              :   Raju Singh
Counsel for Respondent(s)                              :   C.S.C.

Court No. - 75
                 HON'BLE DR. GAUTAM CHOWDHARY, J.

1. Heard learned counsel for the petitioners and learned standing counsel
for the State.
2. By means of the present petition, the petitioners are seeking for
issuance of a writ of mandamus directing the respondents not to interfere
in the peaceful married life of the petitioners as husband and wife and
further direction has also been sought for the authorities concerned to
provide protection to the petitioners.
3. Learned counsel for the petitioners has submitted that the petitioners
are major and to demonstrate that the petitioners are major, the petitioner
no.1 has filed her School Marksheet, whereas the petitioner no.2 has
brought on record his Aadhar Card. They have solemnised marriage out
of their own free will and consent without any coercion and are living
together as married couple. Further, it is stated that private respondent and
other family members have got annoyed and there is serious danger to
their lives as they are being threatened and harassed. It is further stated
that the petitioners have already applied for registration of their marriage
The averments made in the petition are supported by the joint affidavits of
the petitioners.
4. The petitioners have averred in the writ petition that they are living as
wife and husband. It is stated that they have apprehension that private
respondent can eliminate them for the honour of her family. In case, this
Court does not grant them protection, their lives may be endangered.
5. In view of the order proposed to be passed, no useful purpose would be
served in keeping the petition merely to give audience to the private
opposite party.
                                                         WRIC No. 17763 of 2026
                                2

6. Accordingly, with the consent of learned counsel appearing for the
parties, this writ petition is being disposed of finally at this stage in terms
of the Rules of the Court.
7. The Supreme Court in a long line of decisions has settled the law that
where a boy and a girl are major and they are living with their free will,
then, nobody including their parents, has authority to interfere with their
living together. Reference may be made to the judgements of the Supreme
Court in the cases of Gian Devi v. The Superintendent, Nari Niketan,
Delhi and others, (1976) 3 SCC 234; Lata Singh v. State of U.P. and
another, (2006) 5 SCC 475; and, Bhagwan Dass v. State (NCT of
Delhi), (2011) 6 SCC 396, which have consistently been followed by the
Supreme Court and this Court, as well as of this Court in Deepika and
another v. State of U.P. and others, 2013 (9) ADJ 534. The Supreme
Court in Gian Devi (supra) has held as under:
"7. ... Whatever may be the date of birth of the petitioner, the fact remains
that she is at present more than 18 years of age. As the petitioner is sui
juris no fetters can be placed upon her choice of the person with whom
she is to stay, nor can any restriction be imposed regarding the place
where she should stay. The court or the relatives of the petitioner can also
not substitute their opinion or preference for that of the petitioner in such
a matter."
8. Having regard to the facts and circumstances of the case, this Court is
of the opinion that the petitioners are at liberty to live together and no
person shall be permitted to interfere in their peaceful living. In case any
disturbance is caused in the peaceful living of the petitioners, the
petitioners shall approach the Superintendent of Police, i.e. respondent
no.2 alongwith a certified copy of this order who shall provide immediate
protection to the petitioners.
9. A liberty is granted to the private respondent that if the documents
brought on the record are fabricated or forged, it will be open to him/her
to file a recall application for recall of this order.

10. As registration of marriage is compulsory vide decision of the
Supreme Court reported in (2006) 2 SCC 578 and (2008) 1 SCC 180
Seema (Smt.) Vs. Ashwani Kumar, the petitioners undertake to get their
marriage registered within a period of two months and if the petitioners
                                                                                          WRIC No. 17763 of 2026
                                                                   3


                                    could not get their marriage registered within the stipulated period herein
                                    above, the protection granted under this order shall stand automatically
                                    vacated.

                                    11. It is made clear that this Court has not adjudicated upon the alleged
                                    marriage of the petitioners and this order in no way expresses opinion
                                    about the validity of their marriage.

                                    12. With the aforesaid observations, the writ petition is accordingly
                                    disposed of. No order as to costs.



                                                                                 (Dr. Gautam Chowdhary,J.)
                                    September 8, 2026
                                    S.Ali




Digitally signed by :-
SHAUKAT ALI
High Court of Judicature at Allahabad


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