BABA PEER PARAS NATH AND ANR. ETC.versusSTATE OF HARYANA

            BABA PEER PARAS NATH AND ANR. ETC.                                   A
                                      v.
                         STATE OF HARYANA

                            AUGUST 21, 1996
                                                                                 B
                 [G.N. RAY AND B.L. HANSARIA, JJ.)


      Indian Penal Code, 1860 : Sections 307 and 341109.

      Ten-orist and Dismptive (Prevention) Activities Act, 1987 : Sections
3(3) and 15.                                                                     c
       Criminal Trial-Accused persons-Confession made by ac-
cused-Retraction of co11fessio11-Appella11ts-acwsed not charged for any
offences under TADA-Confessional statements made by appellants not
relied upon against them-Designated Cowt relying on confessional state-          D
ments made by other accused who were charged under TADA offences
convicted the appellants-Held the confessional statement recorded under
Section 15 of the TADA is admissible against the co-accused or abettor or
conspirator provided an acwsed is Uied with other co-accused abettor or
conspirator in the same t1ial in respect of offence under TADA-Such con-
fessional statement of the co-accused is not admissible against the accused if   E·
he is not t1ied for any offence under TADA-1he confessional statements
were not admissible so far as the appellants-accused were concemed-As
there was 110 reliable evidence en the basis of which they can be convicted
for the offence under Section 107 read with Sections 34 and 109 !PC, the
conviction and sentence passed against them cannot be sustained.                 F

      Kartar Singh v. State of Punjab, JT (1994) 2 SC 423, distinguished.

        TADA-Conviction unde1~Validity of-Accused-Retracted confes-
sion--(;01roboration-Recove1y of money paid by accused for engaging ter- G
rorists to commit murder of complainant and also to create te1Tor in society
and to bring dishannony between Hindu and Sikhs-Recovery of motor· cycle
used by te1mlists from the place of occu1Tence-The confessional statements
though retracted, lend supporl to the other evidence led in the case about the
complicity of the appellants in the offences alleged against them-Held
conviction of accused under section 3(3) was justified.                        H
                                     51
     52                   SUPREME COURT REPORTS (1996] SUPP. 5 S.C.R.

A          CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Criminal Appeal No.·
     297 of 1996 Etc.

            From the Judgment and Order dated 20.2.96 of the Additional Judge,
    · Designated Court Karna! at Kurukshetra in Sessions Case (TD) No. 27 of
      1992, Sessions Trial No. 39 of 1995.
B
          U.R. Lalit, R.K. Talwar, Goodwill Indeever, Uma Datta and Jasbir
     Malik for the appearing Parties.

           Kamaljeet Kochhar and J.L. Jain for complainant in Cr!. A. No.
     637/96.
c
           The following Order of the Court was delivered :

           Both these appeals are directed against the decision dated 20.2.1996
     passed by the learned Additional Judge, Designated Court, Karna! at
     Kurukshetra in Sessions Trial No. 39/95. The appellants in Cr!. Appeal No.
D    297/96 namely Baba Peer Paras Nath and Baldev Nath were tried with the
     appellants Kashmir Singh and Jaswant Kaur in the other Crl. A. No. 637
     of 1996 and also with two other accused Kaka alias Charanjit Singh and
     Sukhpal Singh Alia:, Khushbal Singh.

           It appears that the appellants Baba Peer Paras Nath and Baldev Nath
E
     Chela were charged for an offence under Section 307 read with Section 34
     and Section 109 of the Indian Penal Code and the appellants Kashmir
     Singh and Jaswant Kaur were charged for offence under Section 307 read
     with Section 34 and 109 of the I.P.C. and also offences under Sections 3,
     4, 5 and 6 of the Terrorist and Disruptive (Prevention) Activities Act, 1987
F    (hereinafter referred to as TADA).

           It may be stated here that confessional statements were made by all
    the six accused persons befote the Superintendent of Police under Section
    15 of the TADA but later on, the accused retracted with confessional
    statements. The prosecution case in short is that the appellants Baba Peer
G Paras Nath and Baldev wanted! to kill the complainant Peer Govind Nath
    in order to take control of Panchmukhi Hanuman Temple at Railway
    Road, Kurukshetra and for the said purpose through the appellant Jaswant
    Kaur they had approached two terrorists Puran Singh and Karnail Singh
    (since deceased) on payment of money and the appellants Kashmir Singh
H · and Jaswant Kaur and Kala alias Charanjit Singh and Sukhbal Singh alias
                   BABA PEER PARAS NATH v. STATE                       53

Khi.Jshpal Singh, in order to execute the said plan contacted the said two A
terrorists on 19.6.92. At about 7.30 P.M. the complainant alongwith Om
Prakash, Dr. Narinder Prakash and Arnn were sitting in a room in the
temple. At that time, two young Sikhs came inside the room and on the
asking by one of them, as to who was Peer Govind Nath, Peer Gobind Nath
had stated that he was the same person. The said two accused then
produced a letter head and asked him to read to writing in it. On the
                                                                              B
letter-head, it was printed in Punjabi as well as in English "Bhinderwala
Tiger Force (of Khalisthan)".The contents in the letter-head were written
in Punjabi. The said persons disclosed that they were terrorists and also
added that they had come to kill him and so sayi'ng one of the two terrorists
fired a shot from his pistol to Govind Nath put the shot did not hit him C
because he had bent his neck. In the meantime, the above named three
persons, who were sitting with the complainant raised an alarm that the
terrorists had come and they would be caught. The complainant and his
companions also succeeded in apprehending the terrorist who had fired
the shot but the other terrorist could manage to go out of the room. But a D
number of persons, who had come by that time, succeeded in apprehending
the other one.

      It appears that since the appellants Baba Peer Paras Nath and Baldev
Nath were not charged for any offences under TADA, the confessional
statements made by them were not relied upon against them but the E
learned Designated Court placed reliance on the confessional statements
made by the other accused in t~e said trial by placing reliance on the
observation of this Court made in the case of Kmtar Singh v. State of
Punjab, JT (1994) 2 SC 423. In paragraph 277 of the decision, this Court
has observed to the following object :                                     F

            "As the Act now stands after its amendment consequent upon
        the deletion of Section 21(1)(c), a confession made by a person
        before a police officer can be made admissible in the trial of such
        person not only as against the person but also against the co-~c­
        cused, abettor or conspirator provided that the co-accused, abettor G
        or conspirator is charged and tried in the same case together with
        the accused, namely, the maker of the confession. The present
        position is in conformity with Section 3p 'if the Evidence Act."
                               .               ..."· .

     The Designated Court by relying on the confessional statements of H
    54                   SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1996] SUPP. 5 S.C.R.

A   the other co-accused, convicted the appellants Baba Peer Paras Nath and
    Baldev Nath for offence under Section 307 read with Section 34 and
    Section 109 of the IPC. Both the said appellants were sentenced to suffer
    rigorous imprisonment for 3 years and a fine a Rs. 500, in default of
    payment of fine, to undergo further rigorous imprisonment for 2 months.

B       So far as the appellants Kashmir Singh and J aswant Kaur are con-
  cerned, the learned Designated Court convicted them for the offences
  under Section 307 read with Section 34 and 109 of the IPC and also under
  Section 3(3) of TADA. For the offence under Section 307 read with
  Section 34 and 109 of the !PC, they were sentenced to suffer rigoruos
C imprisonment for 3 years with a fine of Rs. 500, in default of payment of
  fine to undergo further rigorous imprisonment for two months. For the
  offences under Section 3(3) of TADA, they were sentenced to suffer
  rigorous imprisonment for five years together with a fine of Rs. 500, in
  default a payment of fine to undergo further rigorous imprisonment for two
D months. The learned Designated Court has directed that the sentences
  would run concurrently.

          Mr. U.R. Lalit learned senior counsel appearing for the appellants
  in Appeal No. 297 of 1996, Baba Peer Paras Nath and Baldev Nath has
  submitted that there is no clinching evidence about the complicity of the
E appellants in the offence under Section 307 read with Section 34 and 109
  of the IPC. The said appellants have been convicted simply by relying on
  the retracted confessional statements made by the other co-accused who
  were tried with the appellants. Mr. Lalit has submitted that normally
  confessional statement cannot be recorded by the Police Officer but under
F Section 15 of the TADA a special provision for recording such confessional
  statement by specified Police Other in the manner indicated in the Act ~nd
  rules framed under TADA has been made. Such confessional statement
  made before and recorded by the police officer is admissible only in the
   trial for an offence under TADA But where an accused is not tried for an
   offence under TADA, the confessional statement recorded under Section
G 15 is not admissible. Mr. Lalit has submitted that in the Kmtar Singh's case,
   the vires of Section 15 was challenged before this Court and this Court has
   upheld the vires of Section 15 after recommending certain safeguards to
   be followed in the matter of recording confessional statement under Sec-
   tion 15. This Court was not called upon to decide in the case of Kartar
H Singh as to whether confessional statement recorded under Section 15 of
                            BABA PEER PARAS NATH v. STAIB                         55

          TADA can be taken into consideration in respect of such of the accused A
          who were jointly tried in a criminal trial even though such of the accused
          were not charged for any offence under TADA. Mr. Lalit has submitted
-         that Section 15 expressly provides that the confessional statement recorded
          under Section 15 of TADA shall be admissible in the trial of such person
          or co-accused, abettor or conspirator for an offence under this Act or rules
                                                                                       B
          framed thereunder, provided the co-accused, abettor or conspirator are
          tried in the same case together with the accused. He has submitted that
         .the obserVation made by this Court in paragraph 277 of the decision in
          Kartar Singh 's case as indicated hereinbefore is not the decision of this
          Court on the question that the confessional statement recorded under
          Section 15 is also admissible in respect of all the co-accused in the trial C
          even though some of co-accused was not tried for any offence under
          TADA. Therefore, the learned Designated Court wrongly appreciated the
    •'    decision of this Court in Kartar Singh's case and relying upon the confes-
         sional statements of co-accused recorded under Section 15 of TADA,
          convicted the appellants Baba Peer Paras Nath and Baldev Nath despite D
          clear provision of Section 15 indicating that such confessional statement is
          admissible in respect of the co-accused in the same trial only in respect of
          offence under TADA, Mr. Lalit has submitted that as the case against the
          appellants cannot be established by any other evidence excepting by relying
         on the retracted confessional statements recorded under Section 15, which
,_       is not admissible in evidence, the conviction against the appellants cannot E
         be sustained in law. He has, therefore, submitted the appeal should be
         allowed and the conviction and sentences based against the appellants
         should be set aside.

.              Mr. Malik counsel appearing for the State respondent has fairly          F
         conceded that under Section 15, the confessional statement of an accused
         is admissible against co-accused or abettor or conspirator if tried together
         for an offence under TADA.

                Learned counsel for the complainant has, however, submitted that
         such confessional statement can be looked into against all the accused if G
         the confessional statement recorded under Section 15 of TADA is made
         by a co-accused when such co-accused is tried in the same case with other
         accused. The accused tried in a common trial cannot claim immunity from
         the admissibility of the confessional statement simply because he is not
         tried for an offence under TADA.                                          H
    56                   SUPREME COURT REPORTS [1996] SUPP. 5 S.C.R.

A         We are, however, unable to accept the said contention of the learned
  counsel appearing for the complainant. In our view, Mr. Lalit is justified
  in his submission that the confessional statement recorded under Section
  15 of the TADA is admissible against the co-accused or abettor or con-
  spirator provided an accused is tried with other co-accused abettor or
  conspirator is the same trial in respect of offence under TADA. Such
B
  confessional statement of the co-accused or by the co-accused is not
  admissible against the accused if he is not tried for any offence under
  TADA. The observation of this Court in paragraph 277 of the decision as
  indicated hereinbefore is not the decision of this Court about the admis-
  sibility of the confessional statement recorded under Section 15 of TADA
c  against an accused when such accused is tried with other co-accused,
  abettor or conspirator but such accused is not charged for any offence
  under TADA. Accordingly, th1~ confessional statements were not admis-
   sible so far as the appellants Baba Peer Paras Nath and Baldev Nath are
   concerned. As there is no reliable evidence on the basis of which they can
D be convicted for the offence under Section 107 read with Section 34 and
   109 IPC. the conviction and sentence passed against them cannot be
   sustained. We, therefore, allow Cr!. A. No. 297 of 1996 and set aside the
   conviction and sentence passed against both the appellants in the said
   appeal. The said appellants have been released on bail during the pendency
   of tliis appeal. Their bail bounds shall stand discharged.
E
        So far as the appellants Kashmir Singh and Jaswant Kaur in Cr!.
  Appeal No. 637 of 1996 are concerned, although it has been strenously
  contended by the learned counsel appearing for the said appellants that
  the said retracted confessional statements were not to be taken into con-
F sideration and in the absence of any reliable evidence, the confessional
  statements even if admissible against such appellants were of no conse-
  quence because confessional statement is to be considered only for giving
  credence to other independent evidence, we are unable to accept the said
  contention of the learned counsel. A part of the money which was paid to
  the appellants for the purpose of engaging the said Puran Singh and
G Karnail Singh has been recovered from the house of the appellants. The
  letter pad with the print 'Bhinderwala Tigar Forced has also been
  recovered from the place of the incident. The motor cycle by which the
  said Puran Singh and Karnail Singh had come for committing the murder
  of the complainant has also been recovered from the place of occur-
H rence. The confessional statements though retracted, lend support to the
                             BABAPEERPARASNATI-lv.STATE                            57

          other evidences led in the case about the complicity of the appellants in      A
          the offences alleged against them. In the confessional statements it has
          been specifically admitted by the appellants that they had accepted the said
          money not only for the purpose of engaging the assailants to commit the
          murder of the complainant but also to create terror in the society and to
          bring disharmony between the Hindus and the Sikhs and to give propagan-        B
          da of the terrorist outfit Bhinderwala Tiger Force. In the aforesaid cir-
          cumstances for the overt acts of the appellants for creating terrorism and
          bringing disharmony between two communities, their conviction under
          Section 3(3) of the TADA is justified .... we therefore, find no reason to
          interfere with the conviction and sentences passed against the said appel-
          lants. The Crl. A. No. 637 of 1996 is, therefore, dismissed. We have also      C
          considered the question of sentence to be passed against the said appel-
          lants. Since under Sub-section 3 of Section 3 of TADA, the minimum
          sentence to be passed for an offence under Section 3, is five years, there
          is no question to reduce the sentence.

          T.N.A.                                                   Appeal dismissed.     D




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