NATIONAL INSURANCE CO. LTD.versusPARVATHNENI & ANR.

                 (2009] 13 (ADDL.) S.C.R. 1034


A              NATIONAL INSURANCE CO. LTD.                      ~~

                                v.                                   '

                     PARVATHNENI & ANR.
         (Special Leave Petition (c) No. 22444 of 2009)
                       AUGUST 31, 2009
B
          [MARKANDEY KATJU AND ASOK KUMAR
                    GANGULY, JJ.]
                                                                 i
                                                                 +
        INSURANCE:
c      Insurance Company - Liability of - No valid insurance
  coverage on date of accident - Questions: (1) Whether Court ·
  can compel Insurance Company to pay compensation
   awarded to the claimant giving it liberty to recover the same
  from owner of vehicle, even if insurance company could prove
D that it did not have any liability to pay the amount to the >--
  claimants under the Motor V.ehicles Act or any other "' _,
  enactment? and (2) Can such a direction be given under
  Article 142 of the Constitution of India and what is the scope
  of Article 142? - Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 - Constitution of
E India, 1950 - Article 142.
      National Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Ye/lamma & Anr. 2008 (7)
   SCR 860=(2008) 7 SCC 526; Samundra Devi v. Narendra
  Kaur 2008 (11) SCR 714 = (2008) 9 SCC 100; Oriental
  Insurance Co. v. Brij Mohan 2007 (6) SCR 843 = (2007) SCC
F 56; New India Insurance Co. v. Darshan Devi 2008 (2)
   SCR 810 = (2008) 7 SCC 416, referred to.
                       Case Law Reference
                                                                         l'
       2008 (7) SCR 860 ·        referred to       . para 7
G
       2008 (11) SCR 714         referred to        para 7
       2007 (6) SCR843           referred to        para 7
       2008 (2) SCR 810          referred to        para 7

H                            1034

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                                                                          ~.
       NATIONAL INSURANCE CO. LTD. v. PARVATHNENI 1035
                        &ANR.
~_        CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : SLP (Civil) No.               A
      22444 of 2009.
           From the Judgment and Order dated 12.12.2008 of the
      High Court of Judicature Andhra Pradesh at Hyderabad in M.A.
      Civil Misc. Appeal No. 1211 of 2007.
                                                                       B
           S.L. Gupta, Goodwill lndeevar and P.K. Singh for the
      Petitioner.
,.,
 •        The following Order of the Court was delivered
                                  ORDER                                c
          Delay of 65 days in filing the Special Leave Petition is
      condoned.
          Issue notice.
~          Until further orders, the operation of the impugned order   D
.. ., shall remain stayed.
       In this case, the allegation· of the petitioner- Insurance
  Company is that there was no valid insurance coverage on the
  date of the accident i.e. 30th November, 2003. The cheque            E
  towards premium for renewal of the policy was issued on 29th
  November, 2003 but the same was dishonoured. Hence, the
  contention of the Insurance Company is that it has no liability
1 to pay any compensation amount to the claimants since there
1 was no insurance coverage ·on the date of the accident.
                                                                       F
            Despite this, the High Court has directed the insurance
      company to pay the compensation amount to the claimants with
      liberty to the Insurance Company to recover the same from the
      owner of the vehicle.
        Prima facie, we are of the opinion if the Insurance            G
 ~ Company proves that it has no liability to pay compensation to
   the claimants, the Insurance Company can not be compelled
   to make payment and later on recover it from the owner of the
   vehicle.
                                                                       H
    1036 SUPREME COURT REPORTS [2009] 13 (ADDL.) S.C.R.


A      No doubt, there are some decisions which have taken the             -,~

  view that even if the insurance company has no liability, yet it
  must pay and later on recover it from the owner of the vehicle.
  [See for example National 'Insurance. Co. Ltd. v. Yellamma &
  Another (2008) 7 SCC 526, Samundra Devi v. Narendra Kaur
B (2008) 9 SCC 100 (vide para 16), Oriental Insurance Co. v.
  Brij Mohan (2007) 7 SCC 56 (vide para 13), New India
  Insurance Co. v. Darshan Devi (2008) 7 SCC 416 (vide para
  21), etc.].                                                                ~
                                                                            ~
         We have some re~ervations about the correctness of the
c aforesaid decisions of this Court. If the insurance company has
  no liability to pay at all, then, in our opinion, it can not be
  compelled by order of the Court in exercise of its jurisdiction
  under Article 142 of the Constitution of India to pay the
  compensation amount and later on recover it from the owner
D of the vehicle. In our view, Article 142 of the Constitution of India      )...

  does not cover such type of cases. When a person has no                   ..   -.;

  liability to pay at all how can it be compelled to pay? It may take
  years for the insurance company to recover the amount from
  the owner of the vehicle, and it is also possible that for some
E reason the recovery may not be possible at all.
          Hence, we direct that the papers of this case be placed
     before Hon'ble the Chief Justice of India for constituting a larger
    ·bench io decide the following questions:                                )'

         "(1) If an Insurance Company can prove that it does not             ~
F
         have any liability to pay any amount.in. law to the claimants
         under the Motor Vehicles Act or any other enactment, can
         the Court yet compel it to pay the amount in question giving
         it liberty to later on recover the same from the owner of the
         vehicle.
G
         (2) Can such a direction be given under Article 142 of the
                                                                            )(•
         Constitution, and what is the scope of Article 142? Does           r'-
         Article 142 permit the Court to create~ liability where there
         is none?"
H R.P.                              Matter referred to larger Bench.

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