STATE OF HIMACHAL PRADESH AND ANR.versusPARKASH CHAND

                          [2019] 1 S.C.R. 533                                533


          STATE OF HIMACHAL PRADESH AND ANR.                                 A
                                    v.
                         PARKASH CHAND
                    (Civil Appeal No. 977 of 2019)
                          JANUARY 17, 2019                                   B
  [DR. D.Y. CHANDRACHUD AND HEMANT GUPTA, JJ.]
       Service Law – Compassionate appointment – Benefit of –
Death of respondent’s father while in service – Respondent upon
attaining majority applied for compassionate appointment –
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Rejection of, on the ground that the elder brother of the respondent
is already employed with the State undertaking – Writ petition by
the respondent seeking setting aside of the rejection letter and his
appointment on compassionate grounds – Issuance of direction by
the High Court to the State to consider cases for appointment on
compassionate basis by sons or daughters of deceased government              D
employees, even though, one member of the family is engaged in
the service of the government or an autonomous board or
corporation – On appeal, held: Policy as regards compassionate
appointment contained a stipulation that where one or more persons
of the family are already in the employment of the State Government
                                                                             E
or of autonomous bodies, Boards, Corporations, etc. of the State or
the Central Government, employment assistance should not be
provided to another member of the family – Limited exception is
available only to a widow of a deceased employee who seeks
compassionate appointment where the widow is not being supported
financially by her employed children – Direction by the High Court           F
virtually amounts to a mandamus to the State Government to
disregard the terms stipulated in its policy – In the exercise of judicial
review u/Art. 226, it was not open to the High Court to re-write the
terms of the policy – Compassionate appointment is not a matter of
right, but must be governed by the terms on which the State lays
                                                                             G
down the policy of offering employment assistance to a member of
the family of a deceased government employee – Issuance of direction
to the State to consider applications which do not fulfill the terms of
the policy, not permissible – Moreso, the writ petition was filed nearly
two years and six months thereafter – Apart from stating that the
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                                   533
534             SUPREME COURT REPORTS                     [2019] 1 S.C.R.


A     elder brother of the respondent who was engaged in government
      service was living separately, there were no factual averments in
      support of the plea – Thus, the directions issued by the High Court
      set aside – Constitution of India – Art. 226 – Judicial review.
              Govind Prakash Verma v. Life Insurance Corporation
B             of India (2005) 10 SCC 289 – held inapplicable.
               Umesh Kumar Nagpal v. State of Haryana (1994) 4
              SCC 138; General Manager (D&PB) v. Kunti Tiwary
              (2004) 7 SCC 271; Punjab National Bank v. Ashwani
              Kumar Teneja (2004) 7 SCC 265 : [2004] 3 Suppl.
C             SCR 597; State Bank of India v. Somvir Singh (2007) 4
              SCC 778 : [2007] 2 SCR 509; Mumtaz Yunus Mulani
              v. State of Maharashtra (2008) 11 SCC 384 : [2008] 5
              SCR 241; Union of India v. Shashank Goswami (2012)
              11 SCC 307 : [2012] 6 SCR 98; State Bank of India v.
              Surya Narain Tripathi (2014) 15 SCC 739; Canara
D             Bank v. M. Mahesh Kumar (2015) 7 SCC 412 : [2015]
              9 SCR 724 – referred to.
                              Case Law Reference
      (2005) 10 SCC 289               held inapplicable     Para 9
E     (1994) 4 SCC 138                referred to           Para 11
      (2004) 7 SCC 271                referred to           Para 11
      [2004] 3 Suppl. SCR 597         referred to           Para 11
      [2007] 2 SCR 509                referred to           Para 11
F     [2008] 5 SCR 241                referred to           Para 11
      [2012] 6 SCR 98                 referred to           Para 11
      (2014) 15 SCC 739               referred to           Para 11
      [2015] 9 SCR 724                referred to           Para 11
G
              CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 977 of
      2019.
            From the Judgment and Order dated 06.10.2015 of the High Court
      of Himachal Pradesh at Shimla in CWP No. 6547 of 2010.
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    STATE OF HIMACHAL PRADESH v. PARKASH CHAND                                535


      Vikas Mahajan, AAG, P.S. Patwalia, Sr. Adv., Aakash Verma,              A
Anil Kumar, Abhinav Mukerji, Ms. Bihu Sharma, Ms. Purnima Krishna,
Ms. Pratishtha Vij, Ajay Marwah, Atul Kumar, Ishan Dewan, Plak
Bagchi, Abhimanyu Sharma, Ishan Dewan, S. K. Verma, Suryanarayana
Singh, Ms. Pragati Neekhra, Ms. Kaveri Vats, Varinder Kumar Sharma,
Ms. Radhika Gautam, Rajul Shrivastav, K. Krishna Kumar, Vikrant
                                                                              B
Narayan Vasudeva, Ashwani Kumar, Ms. Iti Sharma, Jay Kr. Bhardwaj,
Ravinder Nain, Puneet Sharma, Jogy Scaria, Reegan S. Bali, Ms. Beena
Victor, Ravi Homod, Veeranjaneyvilu K.L.N.V., Anil Nag, Ravi Bakshi,
Aditya Dhawan, Ms. Kiran Dhawan, Shashank Kumar, Chander Shekhar
Ashri, Jayant Mohan, Sunil Kumar Jain, Abhishek Jain, Ms. Anusha
Agarwal, Punya Garg, Abhishek Jain, Srilok Nath Rath, Y.P. Singh,             C
Sharan Thakur, Mahesh Thakur, Vijay Kumar Pardesi, Dr. Sushil
Balwada, Karan Chauhan, Ms. Manjeet Chawla, Ms. Bharti Tyagi, Ms.
Divya Jyoti Singh, Vinod Sharma, Pawan Reley, Gopal Prasad, Satish
Kumar, Aravindh S., A. Lakshmi Narayan, Mrs. Nanita Sharma, Vivek
Sharma, Bajrang Lal Jat, Baldev Singh, D.S. Patial, Binay Kumar Das,
                                                                              D
Yogesh Kumar Mathur, Ms. Amita Singh Kalkal, M. C. Dhingra, Piyush
Kant Roy, Ms. Indira Kanora, Gaurav Dhingra, Ms. Shobha Gupta,
Ashwani Kr. Gupta, Vikrant Yadav, P. N. Puri, Reeta Dewan Puri,
Abhishek Puri, Dhiraj, Parmanand Gaur, Ekansh Bansal, Yash Pal
Dhingra, Baldev Singh, D.S. Patial, Vinay Kumar Das,, Advs. for the
appearing parties.                                                            E
      The Judgment of the Court was delivered by
      DR DHANANJAYA Y CHANDRACHUD, J. 1. Leave
granted.
      2. This appeal arises from a judgment of a Divison Bench of the         F
High Court dated 6 October 2015.
        3. The father of the respondent who was working as a Peon in
the Revenue Department of the State, died on 4 January 1997, while in
service. On the date of the death of his father, the respondent was a
minor. He attained the age of majority on 17 November 2002. The               G
policy of compassionate appointment framed by the State of Himachal
Pradesh, inter alia, contains a stipulation that where none of the children
of a deceased government employee have attained the age of majority
at the time of the death of the employee, an application can be submitted
on the attainment of the age of twenty one years by the eldest child.
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536            SUPREME COURT REPORTS                            [2019] 1 S.C.R.


A     This provision is contained in paragraph 8 of the policy dated 18 January
      1990. The application submitted by the respondent upon attaining the
      age of majority was processed, but was eventually rejected on 25 April
      2008 on the ground that the brother of the respondent is already in the
      service of the Himachal Pradesh Electricity Board. The fact that the
      brother of the respondent is employed with a State undertaking is not in
B
      dispute.
             4. In the writ petition before the High Court, the respondent urged
      that his brother was living separately and relied on a ration card and a
      certificate issued by the Pradhan of the Gram Panchayat. The fact that
      the brother was residing separately for seventeen years was admitted in
C     the Writ Petition in the following terms:
            “...Because the elder brother of the petitioner was living separately
            and no family member of the petitioner is in Govt./Semi Govt.
            service, which fact is clear from the certificate issued by the
            competent authority, copy of which is annexed herewith as
D           Annexure-P7. The ration card of the family of the petitioner
            clearly shows that the elder brother of the petitioner is not residing
            with the petitioner, copy of ration card is annexed herewith as
            Annexure-P8. The Pradhan concerned has also certified that the
            elder brother of the petitioner is residing separately for the last 17
E           years, which fact is clear from the certificate, copy of which is
            annexed herewith as Annexure-P9.”
             5. The respondent, in the reliefs which were sought in the petition
      under Article 226 of the Constitution, sought a direction for setting aside
      the letter of rejection dated 25 April 2008 and for his appointment as a
F     Peon on compassionate grounds.
            6. The Policy framed by the State Government contains the
      following conditions of eligibility in paragrah 5(c):
            “In all cases where one or more members of the family are already
            in government service or in employment of autonomous bodies/
G           bodies/ boards/corporations etc. of the State/Central Government,
            employment assistance should not under any circumstances be
            provided to the second or third member of the family. In cases,
            however, where the widow of the deceased government servant
            represents or claims that her employed sons/daughters are not
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      STATE OF HIMACHAL PRADESH v. PARKASH CHAND                                537
           [DR DHANANJAYA Y CHANDRACHUD, J.]

         supporting her, the request of employment assistance should be         A
         considered only in respect of the widow. Even for allowing
         compassionate appointment to the widow in such cases the opinion
         of the department of personnel, and Finance Department should
         specifically be sought and the matter finally decided by the Council
         of Ministers.”
                                                                                B
      7. In the batch of cases which has been disposed of by the High
Court, one of the issues which were framed for decision was as follows:
         “(ix) In case one or more dependants of a deceased-employee is/
         are in service, though living separately, whether that can be made
         a ground to deny compassionate appointment to the other                C
         dependant of the deceased-employee?”
       8. The policy contains a stipulation that where one or more persons
of the family are already in the employment of the State Government or
of autonomous bodies, Boards, Corporations, etc. of the State or the
Central Government, employment assistance should not be provided to             D
another member of the family. However, an exception is carved out in
the case of the widow of the deceased government employee, if she
claims that her employed children are not supporting her. Before allowing
compassionate appointment, the opinion of the Department of Personnel
and Finance Department is required to be sought and the matter is left to
the ultimate decision of the Council of Ministers.                              E

       9. The High Court while deciding issue (ix) has relied upon the
decision of this Court in Govind Prakash Verma Vs. Life Insurance
Corporation of India1 more specifically on the observation that the mere
fact that the elder brother of the applicant was engaged in agricultural
work and was also doing the work of a casual painter, would not be              F
construed as gainful employment. This finding in Govind Prakash Verma
is purely on the facts of that case and cannot be construed to be of any
relevance to the present case.
      10. The High Court has observed that the State should consider
cases for appointment on compassionate basis by dealing with the                G
applications submitted by sons, or as the case may be, daughters of
deceased government employees, even though, one member of the family
is engaged in the service of the government or an autonomous board or
corporation. This direction of the judgment of the High Court virtually
1
    (2005) 10 SCC 289                                                           H
538             SUPREME COURT REPORTS                          [2019] 1 S.C.R.


A     amounts to a mandamus to the State Government to disregard the terms
      which have been stipulated in paragraph 5(c) of its policy dated 18 January
      1990. The policy contains a limited exception which is available only to
      a widow of a deceased employee who seeks compassionate appointment
      even though one of the children of the deceased employee is gainfully
      employed with the State. The basis for this exception is to deal with
B
      cases where the widow is not being supported financially by her children.
            11. In the exercise of judicial review under Article 226 of the
      Constitution, it was not open to the High Court to re-write the terms of
      the policy. It is well-settled that compassionate appointment is not a
      matter of right, but must be governed by the terms on which the State
C     lays down the policy of offering employment assistance to a member of
      the family of a deceased government employee. [Umesh Kumar Nagpal
      Vs. State of Haryana 2 , General Manager (D&PB) Vs. Kunti
      Tiwary3,Punjab National Bank Vs. Ashwani Kumar Teneja4,State Bank
      of India Vs. Somvir Singh5 , Mumtaz Yunus Mulani Vs. State of
D     Maharashtra6,Union of India Vs. Shashank Goswami7, State Bank of
      India Vs. Surya Narain Tripathi8 and Canara Bank Vs. M. Mahesh
      Kumar9]
             12. For the above reasons, we are of the view that the judgment
      of the High Court is unsustainable. The High Court has virtually re-
E     written the terms of the policy and has issued a direction to the State to
      consider applications which do not fulfill the terms of the policy. This is
      impermissible.
             13. That apart, we find from the record that the father of the
      respondent died on 4 January 1997. Though the respondent applied on
F     attaining majority, as permissible under the policy, the application was
      rejected on 25 April 2008. The Writ Petition was filed nearly two years
      and six months thereafter. Apart from stating that the elder brother of
      the respondent who was engaged in government service was living
      separately, there were no factual averments in support of the plea. In
      2
        (1994) 4 SCC 138
G     3
        (2004) 7 SCC 271
      4
        (2004) 7 SCC 265
      5
        (2007) 4 SCC 778
      6
        (2008) 11 SCC 384
      7
        (2012) 11 SCC 307
      8
        (2014) 15 SCC 739
      9
        (2015) 7 SCC 412
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    STATE OF HIMACHAL PRADESH v. PARKASH CHAND                                  539
         [DR DHANANJAYA Y CHANDRACHUD, J.]

any event, as we have already held, the High Court was not justified in         A
issuing a direction which would breach the policy framed by the State.
       14. For these reasons, we allow the appeal and set aside the
directions issued by the High Court in its impugned judgment and order,
as noted earlier. In consequence, the Writ Petition filed by the respondent
shall stand rejected. No costs.                                                 B


Nidhi Jain                                                    Appeal allowed.



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