LOUIS PETER SURINversusSTATE OF JHARKHAND

                     [2010] 8 S.C.R. 1115

                     LOUIS PETER SURIN                          A
                              v.
                   STATE OF JHARKHAND
              (Criminal Appeal No. 498 of 2006)
                        JULY 27, 2010
                                                                B
      [HARJIT SINGH BEDI .AND C.K. PRASAD, JJ.]

      Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973:
    .· s. 482 - Petition for quashing criminal proceedings      c
  against a retired public servant - FIR filed in 1984 alleging
  commission of offences punishable under the provisions of
  the Prevention of Corruption Act and the Penal Code -
  Charge-sheet submitted in November 2001 - Cognizance
· taken by the Special Judge in December 2001 - Challenged 0
  on the ground of 17 years delay - High Court rejecting the
  petition - HELD: The public servant had superannuated in
  1997 and cognizance was taken by Special Judge four year
  thereafter in a matter arising out of an FIR registered in April
  1984 even though the request for sanction had been rejected E
  by State Government vn two occasions - In view of the
  peculiar facts, initiation of proceedings was not justified -
  Order of High Court set aside - Proceedings quashed -
  Constitution of India, 1950 - Article 136.

      Mahendra Lal Dua vs. State of Bihar & Ors. (2001) Supp    F
 (4) SCR 157     = (2002) 1 SCC 149; and Ramanand
 Chaudhary vs. State of Bihara and Ors. (2002) 1 SCC 153,
 relied on.
                      Case Law Refer~mce:                       G
   (2001) Supp (4) SCR 157 relied on        para 4
   (2002) 1 sec 153           relied on     para 4

                             1115                               H
    1116    SUPREME COURT REPORTS                 [2010] 8 S.C.R.


A       CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Criminal Appeal
    No. 498 of 2006.

        From the Judgment & Order dated 23.11.2004 of the High
    Court of Jfiarkhand at Ranchi in Crl. M.P. No. 1120 of 2003.
B      Vikas Singh, Yun\JS Malik, Ravi Kishore, Samir Malik,
    Amrita Narayan, Shiva Lakshmi Udita Singh, Prashant
    Chaudhary for the Appellant.

        Gopal Prasad for the Respondent.
c       The Order of the Court was delivered

                               ORDER

        This appeal arises out of the following facts:
D
       On 8th July, 1983 an agreement was executed by the
  Deputy Commissioner, Palamu with M/s. Bharat Drilling for
  doing some drilling work in the District. The appellant was then
  employed as the Managing Director of the District Rural
  Development Agency, Palamu, and as per his statement had
E absolutely no role to play in the award of the contract to Mis.
  Bharat Drilling. By order dated 16th July, 1983 the appellant
  was transferred from his post as Managing Director and he
  handed over the charge from that very date to some other
  officer.
F
      A first Information Report was registered on 14th April,
  1984 under the Prevention of Corruption Act and the Indian
  Penal Code against the Deputy Commissioner who had signed
  the contract with M/s. Bharat Drilling on 8th July 1983 and
G against the District Rural Development Agency alleging that the
  Deputy Commissioner and the appellant had entered into a
  conspiracy in awarding the contract to M/s. Bharat Drilling for
  consideration. The Investigating Agencies moved the State of
  Bihar for sanction to prosecute the appellant but the same was
H declined by the Governor on 2nd February, 1990 on the
  LOUIS PETER SURIN v. STATE OF JHARKHAND                   1117


premise that no prima facie case was made out against any            A
of the accused. A review of the order dated 2nd February 1990
was again sought which too was rejected vide order dated 28th
July 1992 for the same reason, the appellant superannuated
from service on 1st December 1997. On 16th June, 1999 the
dispute between M/s. Bharat Drilling and the Government of           B
Bihar was referred to Arbitration to the then Superintendent
Engineer who made an award in favour of Mis. Bharat Drilling
thereby settling the issue in its favour. Apparently piqued with
what had happened and taking advantage of the fact that the
appellant had retired in the meanwhile and that sanction for         c
prosecution ws no longer required, a charge-sheet was
submitted de hors the sanction on 9th November 2001. The
Special Judge Ranchi thereafter took cognizance of the matter
on 13th December, 2001. The order of the Special Judge was
challenged before the High Court which by its order dated 23rd       D
November, 2004 rejected the challenge. The matter is before
us in this appeal in the above circumstances.

     Mr. Vikas Singh, the learned senior counsel for the
appellant has raised primarily one plea before us today. He has
pointed out that cognizance had been taken by the Special            E
Judge a full seventeen and half years after the filing of the FIR
and about four years after the appellant had retired from service
and in the light of the judgments of this Court reported in (2002)
1 SCC 149 (Mahendra Lal Dua vs. State of Bihar and Ors.)
and (2002) 1 SCC 153 (Ramanand Chaudhary vs. State of                F
Bihar and Ors.) this was impermissible and the proceedings
were liable to be quashed as being belated and stale. He has
highlighted that after the State Government had on two
occasions, declined the sanction, on the ground that no prima
facie case existed, there was no change in circumstances             G
except that the appellant had superannuated in the meanwhile
which was a factor which could not justify cognizance after such
a long delay.

     The learned counsel for the State of Jharkahnd has
                                                                     H
    1118    SUPREME COURT REPORTS                  [20101 8 S.C.R


A   however supported the orders of the Special Judge and the
    High Court and has pointed out that the State Government had
    not considered the matter in its proper perspective, when it had
    declined sanction on the two occasions.

       We see from the judgments cited by Mr. Vikas Singh that
8
  they proceed on facts which are akin to the present one. In both
  cases sanction was granted after a delay of thirteen years while
  the officials concerned were still in service under the State
  Government. We find in the matter before us that the appellant
C had superannuated in the year 1997 and the cognizance had
  been taken by the Special Judge four years thereafter in a
  matter arising out of an F.l.R registered in April 1984 even
  though the request for sanction had been rejected by the State
  Government on two occasions. In view of these peculiar facts
  we are of the opinion that the initiation of proceedings against
D the appellant was not justified.

        We may however clarify that this judgment should not be
    read to mean that sanction would be required in a case where
    an employee has in the meanwhile superannuated.
E
        We accordingly allow this appeal, set aside the impugned
    orders and quash the proceedings against the appellant.

    R.P.                                           Appeal allowed.