R BANUMATHI

The appellant Kamil was convicted of murder under Section 302 read with Section 34 of the IPC. He contended that the charge under Section 302 was not formally framed, rendering the conviction invalid. The Supreme Court examined Section 464 of the CrPC, which states that a conviction is not void for omission or error in…

Vijendra was charged under the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 for selling adulterated buffalo milk. A food inspector took a milk sample in the presence of a public witness, sent it to the public analyst, and the analyst’s report indicated adulteration. The report was dispatched to Vijendra by registered post…

The case concerned the alleged murder of D2 and D1 in December 1990, for which eight accused were convicted under sections 120B, 302 and 34 of the IPC. The prosecution relied on circumstantial evidence – a lorry purchase, broken glass, alleged iron‑rod attacks and a purported conspiracy at a hotel – but failed to prove…

In 1998 a complaint was lodged alleging that a group of accused assaulted the complainant, leading to charges under Sections 143, 147, 323 r/w 149, 325 IPC and Section 135 of the Bombay Police Act. The trial court acquitted all accused, and the State of Maharashtra applied for leave to appeal under Section 378(3) of th…

The appellants were convicted for a dowry death and related offences under the IPC and the Dowry Prohibition Act. The High Court, noting certain procedural lapses, set aside the conviction and ordered a de novo retrial under Section 386(b)(i) of the Code of Criminal Procedure. The Supreme Court examined whether such la…

The respondent, Manimaran, operated a medical shop without a valid drug licence and was charged under Sections 18(c), 27(b)(ii) and 28 of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940. The trial court and the first appellate court convicted him, imposing a one‑year rigorous imprisonment and a fine of Rs.5,000, but the Madras High …

The State of Mizoram filed a case under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 alleging that Dr. C. Sangnghina had misappropriated public funds. The Special Court discharged him in 2013 because the prosecution sanction was issued by an authority not competent to grant it. The Governor later issued a valid sanction in D…

The State prosecuted Pankaj Chaudhary and three others for gang‑rape of a woman on 28 July 1997. The trial court convicted them under Section 376(2)(g) IPC based on the victim’s testimony, corroborated by her mother’s evidence, medical examination, and forensic DNA findings. The Delhi High Court set aside the convictio…

The Uttar Pradesh government revised the category‑wise vacancy numbers for the Technical Assistant Group‑C recruitment after discovering that diploma holders had been wrongly counted against the OBC quota. The revised requisition (20‑08‑2014) and the UPPSC Office Memorandum (12‑10‑2014) were used to conduct the written…

The State of Uttar Pradesh appealed against the acquittal of three accused in a murder case where the victim, Shabu, was shot dead and his brother Riyazuddin injured. The trial court had convicted the accused under IPC s.302 read with s.34 based on the testimony of Imamuddin, a lawyer and brother of the victim, who cla…

Zenith Drugs & Allied Agencies entered into a 1997 agreement with RPIL appointing it as a clearing and forwarding agent, which contained an arbitration clause. After RPIL merged with Nicholas Piramal India Ltd., the agreement was terminated and the parties settled their dispute through a compromise deed in December 200…

The case arose from a quarrel in which accused No.1 (Devraj) fired a pistol at PW‑6, inflicting a chest wound capable of causing death, and also shot PW‑7 in the knee, while accused Nos.2 and 3 assaulted the victims with sticks and fists. The trial court convicted all three under Section 307 IPC read with Section 34 an…

The complainant, Bharatbhai Bhimabhai Bharwad, filed a criminal complaint alleging that respondents No.2 and No.3 attacked him and his brother with swords, causing serious injuries. The trial court granted bail to the accused with conditions, after noting the prima facie case and the accused's lack of criminal antecede…

The appellants, a police driver and a singer, were convicted of gang rape of a 16‑year‑old girl and of criminal conspiracy under Sections 376(2)(g) and 120‑B IPC, receiving fifteen years and ten years rigorous imprisonment respectively, to run concurrently. They challenged the conviction on the ground that no charge wa…

The Rajasthan High Court had directed the state to consider a candidate, who had applied for a Civil Judge post as a General category applicant and paid the general fee, for one of the two vacancies reserved for persons with disabilities after she later claimed visual impairment based on a disability certificate showin…

The State of Madhya Pradesh appealed the acquittal of the accused in a rape case involving a 12‑year‑old girl. The trial court had convicted the accused under Section 376 IPC based on the victim's testimony, medical evidence of a torn hymen, and an eyewitness who saw the accused fleeing. The High Court reversed the con…

The father, Govind Singh, threw a burning chimney lamp at his daughter Lalita during a heated argument over a light bulb, causing severe burns that led to her death after seven days. The prosecution relied primarily on the daughter's dying declaration, as the eyewitnesses turned hostile, and secured a conviction for mu…

Mukesh Kumar, a death‑row convict in the Nirbhaya gang‑rape case, filed a mercy petition under Articles 72 and 161 of the Constitution, which was rejected by the Lieutenant Governor on 15 January 2020 and by the President on 17 January 2020. He challenged the rejection before the Supreme Court, alleging that relevant m…

The Odisha Forest Development Corporation Ltd. (OFDC) issued an e‑tender for the sale of phal Kendu leaves. The successful bidder, M/s Anupam Traders, paid the provisional security deposit but failed to pay the additional security amount (25% of the purchase price) by the stipulated deadline, leading OFDC to cancel the…

The case concerned the murder of Ravi Prakash, alleged to have been committed by accused Nos.1, 2 and 4 under Sections 302 and 120B IPC. The trial court convicted the three accused based on the testimony of two eye‑witnesses and medical evidence, but the High Court acquitted them, finding material inconsistencies in th…

The Assam Public Service Commission (APSC) advertised 65 Assistant Engineer (Civil) posts on 21‑12‑2018 and conducted a screening test on 30‑06‑2019 under the 2010 Rules, which did not provide for negative marking. The APSC later introduced a new 2019 Procedure effective 01‑04‑2019, containing Clause 12.2 that purporte…

The State of Himachal Pradesh prosecuted Manga Singh for raping his nine‑year‑old cousin who was staying at her aunt's house. The child testified that the accused forced her to sleep with him and inserted his private part into hers, a claim she reported to school teachers who lodged an FIR. The trial court convicted th…

The testator, Raja Sardar Singh, died in 1987 without apparent legal heirs and had executed a will bequeathing his assets to the Khetri Trust. The Trust sought probate, which was dismissed by the Delhi High Court, while agnates also objected. The Rajasthan Collector, after an inquiry, initiated escheat proceedings unde…

The Supreme Court heard an appeal by Krishan Kumar challenging a High Court order that set aside his acquittal and remitted the case for a de novo trial on the ground that the prosecutrix had not been examined before the trial court. The appellant contended that the High Court decided the matter while hearing a bail ap…

Mrs. Neeraj Dutta, an LDC of Delhi Vidyut Board, allegedly demanded a bribe from Ravijit Singh Sethi for installation of an electricity meter. The complainant paid Rs 10,000, which was later recovered from the accused and the money tested positive by phenolphthalein test. The complainant died before trial, so his testi…

The victim, Urmila (Guddi), was married into a family that repeatedly demanded additional dowry and subjected her to physical and mental cruelty. After returning to her parental home due to harassment, she was burnt under suspicious circumstances and later died, leading to three dying declarations—two recorded while th…

The plaintiff entered into an agreement of sale on 03‑01‑2004 with defendant No.1 for a plot of land at Rs 1,40,000, paying Rs 69,500 as earnest money. The plaintiff sued for specific performance and to set aside a later sale deed dated 11‑06‑2004 executed by defendant No.1 in favour of defendant No.2 (the appellant). …

The Bangalore International Airport Area Planning Authority (the appellant) sought betterment, road and other charges under the Karnataka Town and Country Planning (KTCP) Act, 1961 from Birla Super Bulk Terminal (the respondent) for a cement terminal built on land allotted by the Karnataka Industrial Areas Development …

The appellant Palani was convicted for the murder of his nephew Sankar under Sections 148, 435 r/w 149 and 302 r/w 149 of the IPC. The prosecution's case rested on the testimony of the victim's mother (PW‑1), who identified the accused and described the assault, and was corroborated by medical evidence and recovered we…

The appellant, Khuman Singh, entered the deceased Veer Singh's field with his buffaloes, leading to a dispute over grazing rights. In a sudden quarrel, Singh struck Veer Singh on the head with an axe, causing six injuries that resulted in death. The trial court convicted Singh under Section 302 IPC and Section 3(2)(v) …

The appellant, a former steward of AIIMS, was suspended in 1991 following a FIR for alleged embezzlement and later convicted in 1993 for theft, leading to his removal from service by a memorandum dated 6 January 2000 under Rule 19(i) of the CCS (CCA) Rules, 1965. After a settlement that resulted in the quashing of the …

The plaintiff, Satish Chander, claimed that his mother Vidya Devi had been fraudulently induced to execute a gift deed in favour of Jagdish Chander, alleging that the deed was supported by a consideration of Rs 5,000 and therefore invalid under Section 122 of the Transfer of Property Act. The trial court and the first …

The deceased Shilpa alleged that her sister‑in‑law Chanchal/Babita set her on fire and, in a dying declaration, named only her sister‑in‑law. The FIR initially listed nine persons, including the appellants, for offences under Sections 302 IPC, 498A IPC and the Dowry Prohibition Act, but the charge‑sheet named only Chan…

The appellant, Ram Das (later Bajrang Das), claimed that Shri Ram Mandir in Indoukh is a private temple over which he is the Mahant and sought a declaration and injunction against State interference. The State contended that the temple is public, its lands are inam property vested in the deity, and the District Collect…

In May 2007 a protest turned violent at the Dinakaran newspaper office, resulting in arson and the death of three employees. The Deputy Superintendent of Police (DSP) Rajaram, who was on bandobust duty, was charged under Sections 217 and 221 of the IPC for allegedly disobeying orders and intentionally failing to appreh…

The State of Madhya Pradesh prosecuted Chhaakki Lal and his son Akhilesh for the murder of four persons, including a three‑year‑old child, based primarily on the testimony of the sole eye‑witness Kesar Bai (PW‑1). The trial court convicted them under Section 302 IPC and imposed death sentences, deeming the case "rarest…

The Haryana Urban Development Authority allotted an industrial plot to Rabinder Nath, MD of M/s Shiva Dairy & Oil Mills, in 1984 with a condition to complete construction within two years and commence production. The allottee and later his legal heirs failed to start construction or production for about twenty years, p…

The appellant and respondent entered into a contract for the sale of iron ore pellets that contained an arbitration clause stating that arbitration would be governed by the Indian Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 and that the venue of arbitration would be Bhubaneswar. A dispute arose and the respondent filed a pe…

The Delhi government advertised vacancies for Special Education Teachers requiring CTET qualification. Several OBC candidates from other states obtained CTET marks by availing a 5% relaxation in the pass criteria and applied for the OBC reserved posts, but were rejected because they did not possess a Delhi‑issued OBC c…

The appellants, Kamala and her two children, claimed maintenance under Section 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code, asserting that Kamala was the legally wedded wife of the respondent, M.R. Mohan Kumar. The respondent denied any marriage and argued that without a valid marriage, maintenance could not be granted. The fam…

The appellant, Ram Avatar Soni, challenged the probate of a Will dated 12 March 1989 allegedly executed by Mahanta Natabar Das (MND) in favour of the first respondent, Mahanta Laxmidhar Das, alleging the Will was fraudulent and the signature forged. He filed an application under Order XXVI Rule 10A of the CPC seeking t…

The appellants stored agricultural produce in the respondent's cold storage and alleged damage, leading to a dispute. The storage receipt contained an arbitration clause naming Sri S.T. Madnani, an advocate, as the arbitrator. Madnani had previously acted as counsel for a partner of the respondent in a separate case, a…

The West Bengal Central School Service Commission advertised for Assistant Teacher posts, requiring candidates to have Bengali as a first, second or third language at secondary, higher secondary or any higher level. Respondent No.1, educated outside West Bengal, applied for an Arabic teaching post in a Bengali‑medium s…

The landlord, Mohd. Asif Naseer, purchased a shop and sought its release under Section 21(1)(a) of the Uttar Pradesh Urban Building (Regulation of Letting, Rent and Eviction) Act, 1972, claiming a bona‑fide need for personal use and having given six months' notice to the tenant. The tenant contested, alleging that no v…

The plaintiffs alleged that the defendants had entered into an agreement to sell a Delhi property and associated business for Rs 55.50 crore, receiving Rs 5 crore as part consideration, and sued for specific performance. The defendants contested the agreement, claiming the document was forged, the signatures on pages 3…

Britannia Industries Ltd. challenged the applicability of the Maharashtra Agricultural Produce Marketing (Regulation) Act, 1963 to edible oil, Vanaspati and sugar, contending that sugar procured from outside the defined market area should not attract market fees. The High Court held that edible oil, Vanaspati and sugar…

Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd (BPCL) supplied aviation fuel to Go Airlines under two supply agreements (2007‑2009 and 2009‑2011). BPCL claimed interest on delayed payments and invoked the arbitration clause, while Go Airlines raised two counter‑claims, one seeking CENVAT credit invoices. The arbitrator, applying Sec…

On 19 August 2005, the deceased Bherulal was surrounded by the appellant Bhagirath, who was armed with a farsi, and several others. During a heated quarrel, Bhagirath struck the victim on the right side of the head near the ear, causing fatal injuries; an injured eye‑witness (PW‑6) corroborated this account. The trial …

Canara Nidhi Ltd. advanced a Rs.50 lakh loan secured by mortgage and a demand promissory note, which the borrower M. Shashikala failed to repay, leading to an arbitral award of Rs.63.82 lakh. Shashikala filed an application under Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 to set aside the award and sought…

The complainant Shiv Prakash Mishra alleged that five persons, including Subhash Chandra Shukla (respondent No.2), formed an unlawful assembly and attacked his brothers, resulting in the death of Sangam Lal Mishra. While the FIR named all five, the investigating officer, after examining witnesses, concluded that Subhas…

The appellant, an officer of the Southern Power Distribution of Telangana Limited, filed a criminal appeal against the High Court’s order that quashed proceedings for electricity theft under the Electricity Act, 2003. The respondent had allegedly tampered with an electricity meter, leading to a loss of Rs.6.28 lakh, an…

The father of the respondents, Shripad Joshi, executed a deed (Ex.P-73) titled "mortgage by conditional sale" in 1967, transferring his property to Shankar Shinde for Rs.2500 with a clause that if the amount was not repaid within five years the sale would become absolute. The respondents later sued for redemption, clai…

The Cantonment Board, Meerut issued show‑cause notices under Section 185 of the Cantonments Act, 1924 to respondents including Afzal, alleging unauthorised construction within the cantonment. The respondents objected, but the primary authority neither referred to the objections nor mentioned the earlier show‑cause noti…

The Globe Ground India Employees Union raised an industrial dispute alleging that Globe Ground India Pvt Ltd, a subsidiary of Lufthansa German Airlines, closed its establishment and retrenched 106 workers. The union sought to implead Lufthansa, claiming it was the holding company and therefore a necessary and proper pa…

The dispute arose from a contract between Rajasthan Small Industries Corporation Ltd (RSIC) and M/s Ganesh Containers Movers Syndicate, which contained a clause appointing the Managing Director (MD) of RSIC or his nominee as the sole arbitrator. After several delays and changes of arbitrators, the MD acted as sole arbi…

The State of Manipur and other authorities filed a regular first appeal (RFA) against a decree ordering them to vacate strategic land, but the appeal was initially filed before the wrong forum (District Judge) and delayed by about eleven months. The High Court rejected the State's application to condone the 312‑day del…

The Central Bureau of Investigation filed a case against former Finance Minister P. Chidambaram under Sections 120B, 420 IPC and Sections 8, 13(2), 13(1)(d) of the Prevention of Corruption Act for alleged irregularities in the FIPB clearance of INX Media. After his arrest, the Delhi High Court refused regular bail, cit…

The State of Maharashtra appealed against the High Court order that de‑sealed the godowns of Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Co. Ltd. The company processed cotton and non‑cotton seeds at its Dhanora unit and stored packed and labelled seeds in an attached godown without obtaining a licence for storage, sale, packaging or labe…

Patel Engineering Ltd. challenged three arbitral awards dated 29‑03‑2016 concerning payment for extra lead under a contract with North Eastern Electric Power Corporation Ltd. (NEEPCO). NEEPCO filed applications under Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996; the Additional Deputy Commissioner upheld the…

The marriage between the respondent and appellant No.14 was solemnised in Rajasthan, after which the couple lived in Chennai. In 2014 the respondent travelled to Bengaluru for her sister's wedding and subsequently refused to return to the matrimonial home, alleging domestic violence by her husband, his parents, and sev…

The appellant, a businessman, was ordered to repay Rs.45,00,000 borrowed from the respondent, but failed to do so, leading to an ex‑parte decree in the respondent's suit. The appellant first sought to set aside the decree via an application under Order IX Rule 13 CPC, which was dismissed, and later filed a first appeal…

M/s. Shree Daneshwari Traders (appellant) supplied rice bags to Sanjay Jain (respondent) on a mixed cash‑and‑credit basis. The respondent issued several cheques to settle credit purchases, but the cheques were later presented and dishonoured for insufficient funds. The appellant filed two complaints under Section 138 o…

The West Bengal State Electricity Distribution Company Ltd. (appellant) supplied power to Orion Metal Pvt. Ltd. (respondent) and, after an inspection revealed a tampered meter, alleged theft of electricity and made a provisional assessment under Section 126(1) of the Electricity Act, 2003 for loss of energy amounting t…

Pawan Kumar Gupta, convicted of a capital offence, filed a mercy petition with the President of India which was rejected. He challenged the rejection through a writ petition under Articles 32 and 72 of the Constitution, contending that his claim of juvenility had not been finally decided, that he suffered torture in pr…

Pawan Kumar Gupta, an accused in the Nirbhaya case, claimed he was a juvenile at the time of the offence on the basis of a school leaving certificate showing a birth date of 08‑10‑1996. He sought an enquiry under Section 7A of the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000, but the Metropolitan Magist…

The case concerned an inter‑se seniority dispute in the Manipur Police Service (MPS) Grade‑II cadre between promotees (appointed by promotion on 01‑03‑2007) and direct recruits (appointed on 14‑08‑2007 and 24‑11‑2007). The promotees argued that seniority should be based on the date of appointment as per Rule 28 of the …

The husband Kalyan Dey Chowdhury and his wife Rita Dey Chowdhury (née Nandy) were married in 1995 and later divorced. The wife sought permanent alimony under Section 25 of the Hindu Marriage Act, which was initially set at Rs.16,000 per month in 2015. The husband’s net salary rose from Rs.63,842 to Rs.95,000, prompting…

Akshay Kumar Singh, a convict in the Nirbhaya case, filed a mercy petition with the President of India, which was rejected on 19 March 2020. He subsequently filed a writ petition under Article 32 challenging the rejection, alleging miscarriage of justice, solitary confinement, torture, media influence, and a pending di…

Mukesh, a convicted participant in the Nirbhaya case, filed a writ petition under Article 32 of the Constitution challenging the merits of his conviction and a series of subsequent orders, including the High Court's upholding of the conviction, a review petition, a curative petition, a mercy petition rejected by the Pr…

Shyam Sahni filed a civil suit seeking declaration, possession, injunction and partition of property inherited from his mother. Respondent No.1 (Arjun Prakash) and his father created an equitable mortgage on the property to secure a bank loan and repeatedly failed to honour undertakings to clear the charge, leading to …

The incident occurred on 11 March 1998 when the victim, Mohan Mehtar, was stopped by four accused; Bharat Singh beat him with a lathi, Balvir Singh and Bhav Singh held him, and Harnam Singh shot him at close range, causing instant death. The trial court convicted all four under sections 341, 302 and, for Harnam Singh, …

The case concerns the conviction and death sentence of Akshay Kumar Singh, a bus cleaner, for his participation in the gang rape and murder of a young woman on a Delhi bus (the Nirbhaya case). Singh filed a criminal review petition challenging the Supreme Court's 2017 judgment that upheld his conviction and death penal…

The dispute concerned six acres of land belonging to the Maruti Dev Temple, which had been let out to tenants who, on Tillers' Day (1 April 1957), became deemed purchasers under Section 32 of the Bombay Tenancy and Agricultural Lands Act, 1948. The temple trust was registered as a public trust under the Bombay Public T…

The Union of India sought to detain Dimple Happy Dhakad and Nisar Pallathukadavil Aliyar under the Conservation of Foreign Exchange & Prevention of Smuggling Activities Act, 1974 (COFEPOSA) for allegedly smuggling over 3,300 kg of gold from the UAE. Detention orders dated 17‑05‑2019 were served on 18‑05‑2019, while the…

The appellant, Mustak @ Kanio Ahmed Shaikh, was convicted for attempting to murder Dr. Jaydeep Patel by shooting him from a motorcycle he was driving, with his accomplice as the pillion rider. The prosecution proved the case through eye‑witness identification (the victim and his driver), a test identification parade, f…

The appellant, a senior police officer, filed a petition under Section 482 of the Cr.P.C. to quash a private complaint (PCR No.17214 of 2013) that alleged police excesses while the respondent was in custody during an investigation. The magistrate had taken cognizance of the complaint without obtaining prior sanction un…

A Muslim couple divorced; the wife filed a petition under Section 125 of the CrPC for maintenance, which the Family Court converted into an application under Section 3 of the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act, 1986 and ordered maintenance. The High Court set aside the conversion, holding the Family Cou…

The appellant, Surendra Kumar Bhilawe, owned an Ashok Leyland truck that was insured by New India Assurance. The truck was involved in a serious accident in November 2011, and the appellant filed a claim for the loss. The insurer denied the claim, alleging that the vehicle had been sold in 2008 to Mohammad Iliyas Ansar…

Genentech Inc., Roche Products (India) and F. Hoffmann‑La Roche filed a suit in the Delhi High Court seeking to restrain Reliance Life Sciences from launching its biosimilar product ‘TrastuRel’, alleging improper use of data and passing off. The Single Judge of the High Court, on 25 April 2016, allowed Reliance to mark…

The Central Organisation for Railway Electrification (CORE) terminated a Rs 165‑crore work contract with M/s ECI‑SPIC‑SMO‑MCML (JV) and the contractor invoked the arbitration clause. The parties' contract and the modified Clause 64 of the General Conditions of Contract required a three‑member arbitral tribunal drawn fr…

The University of Delhi challenged the conversion of land acquired for the Delhi Metro project into a residential housing scheme, filing a writ petition that was dismissed for delay and laches. The University later filed a Letters Patent Appeal (LPA) 916 days after the writ petition’s disposal, seeking condonation of t…

The Central Government issued a notification on 08‑09‑1994 under Section 10(1) of the Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 prohibiting contract labour in several categories of work in ONGC establishments. ONGC challenged the notification before the Uttarakhand High Court, which quashed it, but the ONGC …

The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) filed a criminal case against Arvind Khanna for receiving Rs 9.04 crore from eight foreign entities without prior government permission, alleging violation of the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act (FCRA) 1976. The trial court took cognizance under the FCRA 2010, but the CBI…

Dr. Lakshman entered into agreements with several respondents to procure 70 acres of land for a payment of Rs 9 crore. The respondents allegedly sold the land before the agreement, issued cheques that later bounced, and forced the appellant to sign sale deeds, leading to complaints under the IPC for cheating, fraud and…

The Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), a society under the Societies Registration Act, issued an advertisement on 16‑08‑2016 for the post of Director. Three writ petitions challenged the advertisement on grounds of lack of age‑relaxation, alleged non‑conformity of experience requirements with Medical Counci…

The appellants, a partnership firm operating a sugar mill, challenged the compensation awarded for land acquired for the Hiwra Dam project, arguing that the market value of the land and the deductions for development costs were incorrectly determined by the High Court. The Supreme Court examined the reference court's v…

The petitioners, private medical colleges, sought a direction that admissions for the 2016-17 academic session in both undergraduate and postgraduate courses be made solely on the basis of the Common Entrance Test conducted by the APDMC, and requested an extension of the examination deadline to 31 March 2016. The Court…

The Supreme Court, hearing a series of petitions filed by environmental activist M.C. Mehta, examined the persistent high levels of air pollution in Delhi and the effectiveness of its earlier directions to divert non‑Delhi‑bound commercial traffic and levy an Environment Compensation Charge (ECC). The Court found that …

The case concerns the murder of Ram Autar on 8 January 1984, for which appellants Rameshwar and Balaram were convicted under Section 302 read with Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code. The prosecution alleged that Rameshwar, armed with an axe, and Balaram, armed with a rifle, acted in concert to kill the deceased, with …

The State of Karnataka appealed the acquittal of accused No.2 (P. Ravi Kumar) and accused No.3 (D.B. Savitha) in a murder case where the deceased, Mohan Kumar, was allegedly killed by a conspiracy involving accused No.1, accused No.2, and accused No.3, who were said to have an illicit relationship. The trial court had …

The plaintiff, Syed Nabi, borrowed Rs 5,000 from the defendant and later an additional Rs 2,224, treating the sums as consideration for a sale of his land. A registered sale deed dated 10‑12‑1968 conveyed the land to the defendant, and a contemporaneous agreement promised reconveyance upon repayment. A later agreement …

The appellants were convicted under Section 396 read with Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code for dacoity with murder after a robbery at a pawn‑broking shop in 2002, during which one victim was strangled. The trial court sentenced them to ten years' rigorous imprisonment, but the High Court enhanced the sentence to lif…

The Supreme Court examined the promotion of Jawahar Santkhumar to the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) for the 2004 selection year. A Selection Committee, under the IAS (Appointment by Promotion) Regulations, classified him as "Good" and did not include him in the Select List because only three vacancies existed and…

The appellant, Santosh Chaturvedi, filed a petition under Section 21(1)(a) of the U.P. Urban Buildings (Regulation of Letting, Rent and Eviction) Act, 1972 seeking release of a shop premises occupied by the respondents. The prescribed authority dismissed the petition on the ground that the appellant could not claim own…

The case concerned a suit for redemption of mortgaged lands where the plaintiffs sought partition of the mortgaged properties. The second defendant, Gopalakrishnan Nair, claimed ownership of an adjoining parcel identified as old Survey No. 988 and repeatedly objected that it should be excluded from the suit property. T…

The appellant, Nandlal Baviskar, was convicted of murder (Sec. 302 IPC) for causing the death of his cousin's brother during a dispute over a common wall. The incident involved an exchange of abuse, a stick blow on the appellant, his retreat to his house, and a return armed with a gupti, which he used to inflict a sing…

The plaintiff, Shami Mohd., sued Jamila Begum for a declaration that a 1967 mortgage deed and a 1970 sale deed executed by his father, Wali Mohd., in favour of the defendant were void, alternatively seeking redemption of the mortgage. The trial court held the documents valid and dismissed the suit; the first appellate …

The appellant, a tenant of a shop in Muraina, Madhya Pradesh, faced an eviction suit filed by the landlord under Section 12(1)(f) of the Madhya Pradesh Accommodation Control Act, 1961, claiming the premises were needed for his son Rajendra Kumar's utensil business. The trial court dismissed the suit, finding the son al…

The appellant, a cotton ginning businessman, alleged that a mill and its officials fraudulently sold cotton lint supplied by him and appropriated the proceeds, prompting him to lodge a complaint under Sections 420, 409 and 34 of the IPC. The police failed to register the case, leading to a criminal proceeding (Crime No…

The plaintiff purchased a property that was earlier let to a tenant whose successors, defendants No.1 and 2, continued occupying it. After informing them of the purchase, the plaintiff demanded rent which they failed to pay, leading to a regular civil suit for eviction. The defendants argued that the deceased tenant's …

The Union of India (Railways) awarded civil engineering contracts to Pradeep Vinod Construction Company, which later claimed additional payments despite having signed final bills and supplementary agreements indicating full settlement. The contractor invoked the arbitration clause in Clause 64 of the General Conditions…

The State of Tripura and others appealed against Jayanta Chakraborty and others, seeking a re‑examination of the M. Nagaraj judgment on the test of backwardness for SC/ST reservations. The petitioners argued that the backwardness test should not apply to SC/ST in view of the Indra Sawhney and E.V. Chinnaiah decisions, …

The petitioners challenged the selection of District and Sessions Judges for the Kerala Higher Judicial Service in 2015, alleging that the Administrative Committee introduced a minimum cut‑off mark for the viva‑voce after the written examination and interview had been completed, contrary to the Full Court resolution of…

The State of Karnataka charged Srinivasa, the husband, with murder of his wife Rajashree, alleging he strangulated her and staged a hanging, motivated by an alleged illicit relationship with a second accused. The trial court convicted Srinivasa under Section 302 of the IPC, but the Karnataka High Court acquitted him, r…

The State of Karnataka appealed the acquittal of A.B. Mahesha and others, who had been convicted by the trial court for murder based on circumstantial evidence that the deceased Jagdeesha was last seen with the accused, the recovery of his car, and the seizure of a gold chain, watch and ring from the accused's homes. T…

The appellants claimed that their predecessor obtained a Saswatha Patta and later ryotwari pattas for two plots in Survey No.234, Tiruchanur village. The District Collector rejected the implementation of the ryotwari pattas, holding that the entire land had been classified as "Peddacheruvu Poramboke" (tank) under Secti…

Vinay Sharma, a death‑row convict in the Nirbhaya case, filed a writ petition under Article 32 challenging the President's rejection of his mercy petition on grounds of alleged non‑consideration of relevant documents, torture, mental illness, illegal solitary confinement and bias. The petition also claimed that the pet…

The contractor, Chandigarh Construction Co., entered into a contract with the State of Punjab for construction of the Sutlej Yamuna Link Canal and later claimed additional payment for extra work. An arbitrator awarded the claims using a 93.12% premium and 18% interest, but did not give reasons as required by a contract…

Padum Kumar, a postman, delivered a registered envelope containing four Indira Vikas Patras (Rs.20,000) on 09‑04‑1992, which was never received by the complainant, Dr. K.B. Varshney. The delivery slip bore the signature "D. Mohan"; the complainant's son, Devesh Mohan, denied that the signature was his. Private handwrit…

The appellants (Ruias) entered into a settlement on 5 December 2002 transferring 75,001 shares of Bombay Oxygen Investments Ltd. to them. Respondent No.1 (Messer Holdings Ltd.) filed Suit No. 2410 of 2008 seeking to cancel the settlement and claimed ownership of the shares, raising a limitation defence under Section 9A…

Northern Coalfield Ltd., a government-owned corporation, entered into two contracts with Heavy Engineering Corp. Ltd. which contained an arbitration clause. Disputes were referred to the Government's "permanent machinery of arbitration" and awards were made, which Northern Coalfield challenged before the Law Secretary …

The Supreme Court was approached by a consortium of banks that had financed the Kundli‑Manesar‑Palwal Expressway project, seeking directions to ensure that the newly appointed concessionaire would assume the outstanding loan liabilities of the outgoing concessionaire. The Court noted that ordering such a variation of t…

The Tamil Nadu Electricity Board (TNEB) and the workers’ union TNEB‑Thozhilalar Aykkia Sangam entered into a wage settlement on 8 July 1998 under s. 18 of the Industrial Disputes Act, which provided that Dearness Allowance (DA) would be revised twice yearly using the same formula as the State Government. The Board cons…

Vasant Chemicals Ltd, an industrial unit that treats its effluents at a common effluent treatment plant (JETL) before discharging them into the Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board’s (HMWS&SB) sewer line, challenged the Board’s levy of sewerage cess under Section 55 of the HMWS&SB Act. The company arg…

The appellants sought re‑determination of compensation under Section 28A of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894, filing an application on 31‑12‑1992 based on a 1992 award. While the award was under appeal, the Land Acquisition Collector prematurely decided the application on 25‑10‑2000. After the High Court enhanced compens…

The landlord filed an eviction suit and the tenant applied for leave to defend, claiming no landlord‑tenant relationship. The Rent Controller dismissed the application and the High Court, without hearing the merits, ordered the tenant to pay Rs.1.25 lakh per month as rent. The Supreme Court noted that the interim order…

The case involved a grocery shop owner (PW‑2) who sought the return of a seized accounts book and was asked for a bribe by Assistant Commercial Tax Officer A‑1. After filing a complaint, a trap was arranged and PW‑2 paid Rs.800 to A‑2 on A‑1’s direction; the transaction was detected using a sodium carbonate test, leadi…

The Supreme Court examined the implementation of an amendment to Rule 5(g) of the Tamil Nadu Revenue Subordinate Service Rules (TNRSS) in light of its earlier judgment in M. Rathinaswami v. State of Tamil Nadu (2009). The amendment gave preference to Direct recruit Assistants over Promotee non‑graduate Assistants, whil…

The brothers Balwant Singh and Dungar Singh disputed the partition of their father’s property and, by mutual consent, appointed three close relatives as arbitrators under an agreement dated 23‑11‑1981. The arbitrators passed a detailed award allocating houses, land, jewellery and cash, which was later registered. Dunga…

The Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA) sought Premium Floor Space Index (FSI) charges from developer D. Rajan Dev for additional building floor area under the Premium FSI Scheme. The developer argued that the charges should be calculated using the guideline value in force on the date of his application (…

The Delhi Subordinate Services Selection Board (DSSSB) advertised a Teacher (Primary) post for Municipal Corporation of Delhi schools in 2009 with an age limit of 20-27 years. Praveen Kumar was declared ineligible as over‑age and challenged the decision, relying on a Delhi High Court judgment in Sachin Gupta that had g…

Nar Singh was convicted under Section 302 IPC and Section 25(1B) of the Arms Act for the murder of Rajbir, based largely on circumstantial evidence and a forensic science laboratory (FSL) report (Ex‑P12) linking a recovered bullet to a country‑made pistol. The trial court and the High Court failed to put the FSL report…

The appellant was convicted for the murder of a shepherd, Ramesh, and for concealing the body under sections 302 and 201 of the IPC, based largely on an alleged confessional statement and the recovery of three sheep allegedly sold by the appellant. The prosecution could not positively identify the recovered sheep as th…

The Supreme Court entertained review petitions filed against its own 18 July 2013 judgment in the Christian Medical College case. The petitioners argued that the earlier decision ignored binding precedents and was pronounced without intra‑bench discussion. The Court, invoking the principle from Sheonandan Paswan that a…

Sudharshana Chatterjee, a lecturer in Uttar Pradesh (UP), applied for a post in Chhattisgarh and, while her leave request was pending, joined the Chhattisgarh Institute of Medical Sciences (CIMS) and drew salary from both states. After retiring from CIMS, she claimed gratuity, pension and leave encashment from the UP g…

The original civil suit filed in 1979 sought cancellation of alleged forged sale deeds and an injunction. After a series of proceedings, the suit was decreed ex parte on 10 May 2012. The appellants filed an application under Section 5 of the Limitation Act seeking condonation of a 349‑day delay, claiming they only lear…

The Supreme Court examined the allotment of a large gala (shop No.F‑158) in the Vashi wholesale market under the Maharashtra Agricultural Produce Marketing (Development and Regulation) Act, 1963. The High Court had held that only respondent No.2 (Habibullah Farhatullah) was entitled to the gala based on a transfer of b…

The respondents were engaged as temporary store watchmen on daily wages between 1986 and 1989 under a purely temporary engagement order that stipulated termination when the requirement ceased. After the stores were closed in 1990, the respondents were terminated and later obtained an award from the Labour Court directi…

The appellants, brothers residing in the UK, sought recovery of Rs.1.20 crore from their maternal uncle (appellant No.3) after the uncle advanced the sum for a land sale and later demanded repayment. The uncle issued four cheques, two of which were dishonoured; a criminal complaint under Section 138 of the Negotiable I…

The appellant was married to Kavitha, who committed suicide within four months of their marriage, allegedly due to dowry harassment and the husband's illicit relationship with another woman. The prosecution presented documentary evidence of a Panchayat agreement in which the husband admitted cohabiting with the other w…

The appellant, Babji, was accused of demanding Rs.2,100 from a passenger (PW‑4) for a confirmed airline ticket, allegedly to induce an Indian Airlines employee to secure the ticket. The prosecution charged him under Section 8 of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, asserting that the money was a gratification for in…

The petitioner sought transfer of a divorce and child‑custody petition from the Family Court in Alappuzha, Kerala to the Family Court in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. The respondent argued that, following the Supreme Court’s decision in Krishna Veni Nagam, the matters could be dealt with via video‑conferencing instead of transf…

The lease of a premises owned by Bengal Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Ltd. expired on 31 May 2014. The landlord proposed new lease terms, which the tenant (Ajit Nain) did not accept, yet continued to occupy the premises without paying rent, depositing only Rs.25,00,000 as directed by the High Court. The Estate Officer …

Birla Corporation filed a criminal complaint alleging that respondents had stolen or misappropriated 54 confidential company documents and sought prosecution under IPC sections 379, 403, 411 read with 120B. The trial magistrate, relying on vague statements of the company representative and an employee, issued summons a…

The respondents-plaintiffs filed a suit for declaration of title and possession of several khasra lands, alleging that their fathers were lessees under a patta-lease. The appellants-defendants contended that the land had been auctioned in 1929 to their grandfather Gaya Din, who obtained a valid patta-lease (Ex.D‑20) an…

M/s. Mitra Guha Builders (India) Co. entered into a construction contract with ONGC that contained Clause 2 allowing the Superintending Engineer to levy liquidated damages for delay, with a finality clause, and Clause 25 mandating arbitration for disputes. The arbitrator allowed the contractor's claims but rejected ONG…

The tenant Bhupinder Singh Bawa occupied a two‑room premises in New Delhi under a rent deed dated 20 July 1989. The landlord Asha Devi, who acquired the property in 2002, filed an eviction petition under Section 14(1)(e) of the Delhi Rent Control Act, 1958, claiming a bona‑fide requirement for her son to run a sanitary…

The case involved the murder of Bhimraya, alleged to have been committed by accused Mallikarjun, Ravi, Balappa and an absconding co‑accused. The prosecution relied on the testimony of the victim's mother (PW‑5) and his brother (PW‑7) as eye‑witnesses, medical evidence of the injuries, and the recovery of a dagger (MO‑1…

The case concerned recruitment of Agricultural Field Officers by the Institute of Banking Personnel Selection (IBPS) for Bank of India. The notification dated 17‑11‑2014 required a B.Sc. in Agro‑Forestry, but the two private respondents held B.Sc. in Forestry and were provisionally selected before their appointments we…

The Punjab State Electricity Board (PSEB) classified Sub Fire Officers in Group XII but paid them a lower scale than Head Clerks, Head Clerk‑cum‑Divisional Accountants and Internal Auditors, also in Group XII. The Sub Fire Officers claimed parity of pay on the ground of discrimination under Article 14 and sought the sa…

The Punjab State Electricity Board revised the pay scales of Head Clerks (Rs.2000‑3500) and Internal Auditors (Rs.1800‑3200) in 1990, disturbing a long‑standing parity that had existed for over two decades. Internal Auditors filed writ petitions claiming that the revision violated Articles 14 and 16 of the Constitution…

In a petition filed by the accused (respondent No.1, also accused No.2) seeking modification of a prior judgment, the Supreme Court examined whether the earlier finding that he was a Government servant was factual. The court noted that the accused was not a Government servant, but a bribe amount in Rs.500 currency note…

The appellant, Vijay Trading and Transport Co., entered into a two‑year handling and transportation contract with Central Warehousing Corporation. The contract was terminated by the corporation for the appellant’s failure to deliver an export‑loaded container to the port at Navi Mumbai, leading to forfeiture of the sec…

The petitioners Vikram Singh, Jasvir Singh and a third accused were convicted under Sections 302, 364A, 201 and 120B of the IPC and sentenced to death, with the death sentence of the female co‑accused later commuted to life imprisonment. They filed review petitions challenging the Supreme Court’s 2010 judgment on groun…

The appellant, Bhivchandra Shankar More, challenged an ex‑parte decree passed in a partition suit. After an application under Order IX Rule 13 CPC to set aside the decree was dismissed, the appellant filed an appeal under Section 96(2) CPC, withdrew it, and later filed a fresh appeal with a condonation of delay applica…

The appellant, Ashoksinh Jayendrasinh, was convicted under Sections 302 and 307 IPC read with Section 34, and Section 25(c) of the Arms Act for allegedly firing shots that killed Somiben and injured two others during a dispute over a road. The incident occurred at 9:00 PM in a dark agricultural field, and the prosecuti…

The appellants, including a former Rajya Sabha MP, filed anticipatory bail applications in a sexual harassment case and submitted a vakalatnama that purportedly bore their signatures dated 17 August 2016 in Madurai, although they were abroad at that time. The Madurai High Court held the vakalatnama to be forged, deemed…

The Madhya Pradesh State Employment Guarantee Parishad issued guidelines on 2 June 2012 for appointing Gram Rojgar Sahayaks under MGNREGS, specifying compulsory qualifications and a desired computer exam pass from listed institutions with assigned marks. The Collector of Rewa issued a Revised Time Schedule on 17 June 2…

The Chairman V. O. Chidambaranar Port Trust appointed Capt. Paul Nadar Bennet Singh as a Pilot Officer in 2008 on a regular basis, subject to him qualifying in a pilot‑license examination. In 2012 the Trust terminated his service, alleging that his Certificate of Competency (CoC) as Master issued by the Maritime and Po…

The appellant, a teacher, was appointed by the Management of a government‑aided private college to fill a substantive vacancy without complying with the procedure laid down in paragraph 5 of the First Uttar Pradesh Secondary Education Service Commission (Removal of Difficulties) Order, 1981. He sought financial approva…

The Chandigarh Administration allotted a commercial booth to Hari Ram in 1996 for a premium of Rs.70,500, but he failed to pay the subsequent installments and ground rent despite numerous opportunities. The lease was cancelled in 2006 and an eviction order was issued under the Public Premises (Eviction of Unauthorised …

The appellant, Rambir, was convicted of murder under Section 302 IPC for strangling his wife with a saria on a rooftop after a quarrel over money. The trial court sentenced him to life imprisonment, a decision upheld by the Delhi High Court, which rejected his claim that the killing fell under Exception 4 to Section 30…

Four officers were appointed as District Minority Welfare Officers in 1997 after a selection process, on a temporary basis of two years, but continued in the post beyond that period. The Uttar Pradesh Minority Welfare Department Gazetted Officers Service Rules 2001 later prescribed that such posts be filled by direct r…

The father filed a writ of habeas corpus seeking custody of his 1½‑year‑old daughter who had been looked after by the child's maternal aunt and uncle after the mother’s death and the father's prolonged illness. The High Court ordered the child be handed over to the father, granting the writ. The appellants challenged t…

The appellant, Deepa E.V., an OBC candidate, applied for the post of Laboratory Assistant Grade II in the Export Inspection Council of India, availing age relaxation and interviewing under the OBC category. She secured 82 marks but was not selected, and argued that she should be appointed under the General category sin…

Bir Singh (complainant) advanced a Rs 15 lakh loan to Mukesh Kumar (accused) and received a cheque which was dishonoured for insufficient funds on two occasions. After a statutory notice went unanswered, a criminal complaint under Sections 138 and 139 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 was filed. The trial court c…

The plaintiff, claiming to be a tenant, filed a suit under Section 38 of the Specific Relief Act, 1963 seeking a permanent injunction against the landlord, asserting he was in actual possession of the premises. The landlord contended that a settlement in an earlier suit (RCS No.1004/1988) caused the plaintiff to vacate…

The Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board (TWAD Board) occupied land in 1991 and was directed by the Madras High Court to ensure "fair and reasonable" compensation to the landowner. The District Collector fixed the land value at Rs 200 per sq ft (based on the 2012 guideline) and the Board paid the amount, which th…

The case concerned the allotment of a diesel/petrol retail outlet by Indian Oil Corporation, where Sanjay Kumar Jha was initially empanelled first and the outlet was awarded to him, but the second‑ranked applicant, Prakash Chandra Chaudhary, obtained a writ order directing the corporation to issue the dealership to him…

The appellant, former Finance Minister P. Chidambaram, was charged with alleged irregularities in a foreign investment clearance and money‑laundering offences under the Prevention of Corruption Act and the Prevention of Money‑Laundering Act (PMLA). The Enforcement Directorate (ED) produced a sealed cover containing doc…

The appellant, a school teacher, struck a second‑standard student with a wooden stick, causing loss of sight in the child's left eye. The trial court acquitted him, citing contradictions in eye‑witness testimony, alleged tutoring of the child witness, and a 25‑day delay in filing the FIR. The High Court reversed the ac…

The appellant borrowed Rs 30,000 from the respondent and issued a post‑dated cheque dated 04‑09‑2003, which was presented after three years and returned for insufficient funds. The respondent filed a complaint under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act; the trial court acquitted the appellant, holding that the…

The Supreme Court heard appeals by Nutan Gautam (wife) against orders of the Allahabad High Court that directed her son, a ten‑year‑old boy, to be admitted to a boarding school in New Delhi and to return to his mother during summer vacations. The boy, who had been studying since first grade at Global International Scho…

The petitioner, Mankastu Impex Private Limited, an Indian distributor of air‑quality monitors, entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with AirVisual Limited, a Hong Kong company, appointing it as exclusive distributor in India. After AirVisual was acquired by IQAir AG, which refused to honour the MoU, the petitione…

UCO Bank (appellant) sought recovery of a large sum from Shree Sitaram Mills Ltd. and its successor National Textile Corporation Ltd. (NTC) after the mill was taken over and nationalised under the Textile Undertakings (Take‑over of Management) Act, 1983 and the Textile Undertakings (Nationalisation) Act, 1995. The bank…

The Union of India appealed against several High Court orders that had granted employees financial upgradation in the grade‑pay of the next promotional hierarchy under the Modified Assured Career Progression (MACP) Scheme, relying on the Raj Pal judgment. The respondents argued that MACP should be interpreted like the …

Shyam Kishore Singh was appointed as a trainee with Bharat Coking Coal Ltd. in 1982, where his date of birth was entered as 04-03-1950 in the service register. He later claimed that his true date of birth was 20-01-1955, as shown on his matriculation certificate, and sought a correction in 2009, which the employer reje…

The State of Gujarat filed a criminal appeal challenging a Gujarat High Court order that set aside a magistrate’s cognizance and issuance of summons against Afroz Mohammed Hasanfatta in a complex economic offence involving alleged hawala transfers of foreign exchange to Dubai and Hong Kong. The prosecution’s charge‑she…

The Union Finance Minister P. Chidambaram was implicated in a CBI‑filed FIR and a subsequent Enforcement Directorate money‑laundering case, though he was not named as an accused. After his arrest, he sought regular bail under CrPC s.439, which the Delhi High Court denied on grounds of alleged seriousness, flight‑risk, …

The widow of a government employee who retired on grounds of mental incapacity sought, after 14 years, fixation of pay and family pension, but never claimed invalid pension. The Odisha Administrative Tribunal ordered an invalid pension under Rule 39 of the Orissa Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 1992, and the High Court…

The appellant, a construction contractor, entered into a contract with the State of Himachal Pradesh that contained Clause 65, which stipulated that any dispute would be referred to a sole arbitrator appointed by the Engineer‑in‑Chief. When a dispute arose, the Chief Engineer appointed the Superintendent Engineer, Arbi…

Ambalal Sarabhai Enterprises Ltd. filed a suit in the Vadodara Commercial Court seeking specific performance of a mortgage deed concerning a parcel of land. The respondents contended that the dispute did not fall within the definition of a "commercial dispute" under Section 2(1)(c)(vii) of the Commercial Courts Act, 20…

The appellants, who had been appointed on compassionate grounds after the death of their parents, challenged the cancellation of their appointments, arguing that the pre‑amendment rules allowing a minor to apply within one year of attaining majority should apply. The Karnataka Administrative Tribunal and the High Court…

The Chief Information Commissioner (CIC) directed the Gujarat High Court to provide certified copies of judicial documents to a third‑party applicant under the Right to Information Act, 2005 (RTI Act). The High Court, relying on Rule 151 of its own Rules, required the applicant to file an affidavit stating the purpose …

The appellant Bhawna Bai complained that her husband was found dead in the field of the first respondent, Ghanshyam, who allegedly prevented her from reaching the body. An FIR was eventually registered under Section 302 IPC read with Section 34 IPC and the trial court framed charges against the accused respondents. The…

The appellants, owners of a 14-kanal land in Ludhiana, entered into a joint‑venture agreement with the respondent builder to construct a residential‑commercial complex, which was abandoned in 1999. After termination of the agreement, the parties attempted arbitration under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, wh…

The appellant Oriental Insurance filed a petition under Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 in the Jaipur District Court to set aside an arbitral award, but the court returned the petition for presentation before the Jodhpur court, fixing 2 April 2008 as the date of re‑presentation. The appellant r…

The Okhla Enclave Plot Holders’ Welfare Association filed a writ petition alleging that the Colonizer (Durga Builders Pvt Ltd) failed to honour the terms of the plot‑allotment agreement and that many allottees had not paid the development charges required by the Supreme Court. The Court referred four questions to the a…

Ram Lal, a peon employed by United Commercial Bank, was assigned clerical duties of a cash clerk and allegedly misappropriated Rs.38,500 by pocketing deposits and forging entries to enable withdrawals. The prosecution relied heavily on two extra‑judicial confession statements made by the accused in the presence of seni…

The appeal concerned a suit for eviction filed by D.C. Harris (respondent) against tenants D.N. Joshi and others (appellants) who challenged the respondents' title to the premises. The title derived from a 1949 gift deed by Akhtari Begum to her brother Zamir Ahmad, followed by a 1965 sale deed to the respondents. The l…

The appeal arose out of a dispute concerning eviction under the Rent Control Act, where the appellants relied on a gift deed dated 31 May 1949 to assert a right over the premises. The central question was whether that deed conferred a valid title that could defeat the landlord’s right to evict. The matter had already b…

The respondents Akhlaq Hussain and Saqir Hussain exchanged a small parcel of land for a larger agricultural parcel owned by Mangal Singh, a member of a Scheduled Tribe, through a registered deed. The Assistant Collector declared the exchange void under Sections 157‑B and 161 of the U.P. Zamindari Abolition and Land Ref…

The petitioners, two senior bank officials, challenged a criminal complaint filed under Section 200 of the CrPC alleging that they colluded with an auction purchaser to cause wrongful loss to the borrower, K. Virupaksha, after the bank invoked the SARFAESI Act to enforce a secured loan of Rs.2.68 crore. The borrower’s …

The husband filed a petition under Section 13 of the Hindu Marriage Act seeking dissolution of his marriage on the ground of the wife's intemperate behaviour, while the wife filed a petition under Section 9 for restitution of conjugal rights. The trial court dismissed the husband's petition for lack of evidence, a deci…

On 23 November 1997, while ploughing a disputed piece of land, accused No.1 (Ashok Singh) and accused No.2 (Kalusinh) allegedly fired three shots, killing Somiben (wife of PW‑5) and injuring PW‑6 and PW‑7. The trial court convicted both accused under Section 302 read with Section 34 of the IPC and sentenced them to lif…

The appellants, a group of private unaided medical and dental colleges, challenged the Madhya Pradesh Niji Vyavasayik Shikshan Sanstha (Pravesh Ka Vinimayan Avam Shulk Ka Nirdharan) Act, 2007 and the accompanying admission and fee fixation rules, alleging that the provisions on common entrance test (CET), fee regulatio…

The appellant United India Insurance Co. Ltd. had earlier ordered that 50% of the compensation deposited in the Registry be released to the claimants upon identification. In the judgment dated 24 November 2017, paragraph II contained that direction. Upon clarification sought by the respondents, the Court read the parag…

The appellant and respondent were married in 1998 and later lived separately, leading the husband to file a suit for dissolution of marriage which was dismissed by the trial, district and high courts. While the appeal was pending before the Supreme Court, the parties reached an amicable settlement through mediation, ag…

The appeal concerned an order of the Chairman of the Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) who, sitting alone, stayed proceedings before a two‑member bench and rendered its interim orders ineffective. The petitioner (All India Institute of Medical Sciences) argued that the Chairman had acted beyond his statutory author…