HEMANT GUPTA

The legal heirs of a deceased patient filed a complaint before the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC) alleging medical negligence by Bombay Hospital & Medical Research Centre and its vascular surgeon, Dr. C. Anand Somaya, for the death of the patient who was admitted with an abdominal aortic aneury…

The appellant, an elder brother, purchased the southern half of a family property from his younger brother by a registered sale deed that recorded a nominal consideration of Rs 3,000, after paying Rs 12,000 to discharge the brother’s debts and avert a court‑ordered auction. The brother and his wife later claimed the de…

The widow of a permanently disabled ex‑serviceman, Smt. Sovan Devi, claimed that a 1971 inter‑departmental letter from the Soldier Welfare Department to the District Collector constituted a valid allotment of 25 bighas of land to her late husband under the Rajasthan Special Assistance to Disabled Ex‑Servicemen Rules, 1…

The dispute concerned the management of Salafi Juma Masjid, a waqf registered under the Waqf Act, 1995. The Mahal Committee, claiming to be a local (Sakha) unit of the registered society Kerala Naduvathil Mujahideen, sued the Salafi Trust seeking a declaration that a certificate of registration issued under s.36 of the…

The married couple Mannar Reddiar and Adhilakshmiammal executed separate wills bequeathing their properties to their two sons, excluding their daughter Kalavathy who had earlier received gifts. After the death of the testators, the daughter and the second son filed a suit for partition and contested the probate of the …

The appellant, a registered contractor, was awarded a work order for a water supply scheme but faced non‑availability of specified pipes and was asked to substitute them, leading him to seek a modified rate. The respondents subsequently directed him to stop the pipeline work and commence a different project, while also…

The Anugraha Narayan Sinha Institute of Social Studies, incorporated under the 1964 Act, adopted a retirement benefit scheme in 1985 that it said would be funded from its own resources. The Institute's employees later sought a writ directing the State of Bihar to pay pension arrears after payments stopped in 2014. The …

The Supreme Court examined whether a student who obtained an MBBS degree from a Chinese university, where the tenth‑semester clinical training was delivered online due to COVID‑19, is entitled to provisional registration by the National Medical Commission (NMC). The Court held that the Eligibility Regulations require t…

The Rajasthan Waqf Board claimed that a structure identified as the Qalandari Masjid on Tiranga Hill was a waqf religious site situated within Survey No. 6731, which had been leased to Jindal Saw Ltd for mining. The High Court allowed the mining lease to proceed, prompting the Board to appeal. The Supreme Court examine…

The Municipal Committee of Barwala appealed against a decree granting the respondent, Jai Narayan & Co., a mandatory injunction to execute a sale deed for land allegedly won at a public auction in 1999. The respondent claimed to be a bonafide purchaser, having deposited the auction consideration, and argued that the Mu…

The appellant, an educational society, dismissed its principal (the first respondent) after a departmental inquiry found several charges proved. The principal appealed to the School Tribunal, which set aside the dismissal on the ground that the Inquiry Committee was not constituted as required by Rule 36(2)(b) of the 1…

The Supreme Court considered the claim of a five‑year‑old child who became a paraplegic after a road accident in 2010. The Motor Accident Claims Tribunal awarded Rs 18,24,000, which the Karnataka High Court reduced to Rs 13,46,805. On appeal, the Court examined the method of calculating compensation under the Motor Veh…

The plaintiff filed a suit in a civil court seeking permanent and mandatory injunctions to protect his possession of a piece of land that was admitted to be a waqf property. The defendant, who also admitted the waqf status, moved to dismiss the suit on the ground that under the Waqf Act, 1995, such disputes must be dec…

The Royal Garden Residents Welfare Association (the complainant) entered into a maintenance agreement with M/s Padmini Infrastructure Developers (India) Ltd (the opposite party) on 15 November 2003 and later filed a consumer complaint in 2007 alleging incomplete and non‑functional amenities. The National Consumer Dispu…

Khatema Fibres Ltd. (appellant) filed a claim for loss of waste paper after a fire, estimating the loss at Rs.13 crore. The insurer, New India Assurance Co., appointed a surveyor who used volumetric analysis and assessed the loss at about Rs.2.86 crore, which the appellant contested. The National Consumer Disputes Redr…

The Union of India appealed against the Armed Forces Tribunal’s order quashing the convening of a General Court Martial against former Army officer P.S. Gill, who was alleged to have been involved in procurement irregularities. After a Court of Inquiry identified twelve officers, including Gill, a hearing under Rule 22…

The New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC) sought to evict Ganga Devi and others from a stall at Baba Kharag Singh Marg, alleging sub‑letting and unauthorised construction. The occupants claimed ownership under a 1998 licence deed, a 2001 public notice granting ownership rights in certain markets, and a cut‑off date of 20‑…

The Asset Reconstruction Company (India) Ltd. acquired a defaulted loan from Oriental Bank of Commerce through an assignment agreement that was registered as a single instrument. The deed contained a Schedule 3 draft of a Power of Attorney (PoA) authorising the assignee to sell immovable property, leading the revenue a…

The Union of India sought to fill 11,952 constable posts in the Railway Protection Force through a written test, requiring candidates to submit application forms in the language they intended to use for the answer sheet. Mahendra Singh filled his application in English but wrote the paragraph on the OMR sheet in Hindi,…

The appellant, Rajbir Singh, was convicted under Section 302 IPC for allegedly poisoning his neighbour's wife by mixing organophosphorus into milk he supplied. The prosecution relied on circumstantial evidence, including a loan motive, alleged pronote, and chemical reports indicating poison in milk and viscera. The Sup…

The Rajasthan State Warehousing Corporation (RSWC) issued a PPP tender for operating warehouses at 71 locations. Writ petitions challenged a tender condition and were dismissed by the High Court. After technical bids were opened, the successful bidders were identified and a letter of intent was issued, but the High Cou…

The appellant, Dinesh Chandra Shukla, had been engaged as a guest lecturer teaching Karm Kand in the Department of Sanskrit of Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapeeth University. When the University advertised a permanent Lecturer post in Karm Kand, the Selection Committee recommended him, but the Executive Council objected on…

The appellants owned land that had been reserved for a playground in a Development Plan published in 2002 under the Maharashtra Regional and Town Planning Act, 1966. After the statutory ten‑year period elapsed, they served a notice under Section 127 seeking acquisition, but the authorities failed to act. The High Court…

The Uttar Pradesh Awas Evam Vikas Parishad acquired over 1,200 acres of land under a notification dated 26‑06‑1982 (s.28 of the Uttar Pradesh Act, equivalent to s.4 of the Land Acquisition Act). The landowners challenged the compensation awarded by the Reference Court (Rs.120 per square yard) and the High Court’s enhan…

The dispute concerned a house originally owned by Shri Kashirao Deshmukh, who died leaving his wife Smt. Shevantabai. The wife executed a gift deed in 1981 transferring the property to the appellant. The defendants produced a 1976 Will of the deceased, claiming it gave the wife only a life estate, rendering the gift de…

Ms. A. Shainamol, an OBC candidate who qualified on general merit in the 2006 Civil Services Examination, was allocated to the Himachal Pradesh IAS cadre after the state's consent. She challenged the allocation, seeking placement in the Maharashtra cadre on the basis of higher merit than another candidate, and later th…

The case involved Dalbir Singh, a constable of the CRPF, who was convicted in a criminal trial for firing his service weapon, leading to his dismissal from service. He was later acquitted by the High Court, reinstated, and subsequently faced a fresh departmental charge sheet alleging misuse of his service rifle in 1993…

The Supreme Court examined the constitutionality of the Haryana Sikh Gurdwara (Management) Act, 2014, which created a separate statutory body to manage Sikh gurdwaras in Haryana. The Court held that Section 72 of the Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966 and Sections 3 and 4 of the Inter‑State Corporation Act, 1957 are merel…

The appellants, the widow and daughter of Ishwar Singh, challenged the validity of Section 50(a) of the Delhi Land Reforms Act, 1954, claiming it violated Articles 14, 15, 21 and was repugnant to the Hindu Succession Act, 1956 after the latter's Section 4(2) was deleted by the 2005 amendment. The Supreme Court held tha…

Under the Tamil Nadu Urban Land (Ceiling and Regulation) Act, 1978, the landowner Nagarathinam Ammal was served notice to surrender 6,750 sq.m. of excess land. She complied by sending a letter on 11 November 1980 surrendering and delivering possession, and compensation was paid. The land was later allotted to the Madra…

The appellants' land in Bhoom, Maharashtra, was taken into possession by the State in 1984 and 1992 and later acquired under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 in 1999. The Reference Court fixed compensation at Rs.70 per square foot after a 20% deduction for development cost, based on a sale exemplar (Exhibit 30) of Rs.137…

The Delhi Development Authority (DDA) had acquired land in Village Chattarpur under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894, with notifications issued in 1980, declarations under Section 6 in 1985‑86 and an award in 1987. Numerous writ petitions challenged the acquisition, resulting in interim orders staying dispossession of th…

The appellant sought a compassionate appointment after his father, a government employee, died while in service on 16 June 2004. The father had applied for retirement on medical grounds before his death, but the retirement was approved only after his death, with effect from an earlier date. The State rejected the appel…

The appellants, owners of land leased for 20 years to the respondent, sought possession after the lease was deemed terminated for non‑payment of rent and after part of the land was de‑notified following acquisition under the Land Acquisition Act. The respondent claimed a share of compensation for the unexpired lease te…

The insured, a manufacturer of polyethylene products, suffered a total loss of plant, machinery and stock due to a fire on 6 November 1999. The insurer appointed joint surveyors who submitted a loss assessment, but thereafter delayed settlement and appointed an investigator in June 2001. The insured filed a complaint b…

The State of Maharashtra appealed against the High Court’s order that the entertainment duty payable by Pan India Paryatan Ltd., an amusement park, for the fourth and fifth years of operation should be 3.75% of the ticket value, calculated as 50% of the duty under Section 3(2). The Supreme Court examined the definition…

The builder, Brigade Enterprises Ltd., appealed against the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission’s order permitting 91 purchasers of 51 apartments to file a consumer complaint under Section 35(1)(c) of the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 on behalf of all 1,134 buyers in the residential project. The Supreme Cou…

The appellant, a non‑resident Indian (NRI), purchased a building in Punjab that was already occupied by a tenant who had been inducted by the previous owner. After returning to India, the appellant sought eviction of the tenant under Section 13‑B of the East Punjab Urban Rent Restriction Act, 1949. The central issue wa…

A group of heirs filed a suit in 1987 to set aside a 1963 Agricultural Lands Tribunal order and a 1954 sale certificate concerning land that had been placed under the control of a court‑appointed receiver after the death of the original owner in 1946. The defendants moved to reject the plaint under Order VII Rule 11(d)…

The case concerned land originally leased to Louis Club for club purposes, on which a pavilion was constructed and later sub‑let to another club and partially transferred to a Municipal Committee. The landlord filed an ejectment petition alleging non‑payment of rent, unauthorised sub‑letting and change of use. The High…

The appellant purchased a mortgaged land in 1964 from the original mortgagors, who had earlier mortgaged the property to the defendant mortgagee. The mortgagee filed a suit for foreclosure in 1965 without impleading the appellant, obtained a decree, and later took possession of the land from the appellant. The appellan…

The Bengaluru Development Authority (BDA) sought an environmental clearance (EC) for its Peripheral Ring Road (PRR) project, which was later quashed by the National Green Tribunal (NGT) on the ground that the primary data used in the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report was over three years old and the Terms of…

The Staff Selection Commission (SSC) issued a recruitment notification for constable and rifleman posts in various Central Armed Police Forces, earmarking vacancies separately for different border districts and requiring candidates to indicate a final preference for a service. Several candidates were excluded from meri…

The Supreme Court examined the winding‑up petition filed by Antrix Corporation against Devas Multimedia Private Ltd under section 271(c) of the Companies Act, 2013, alleging fraud in the formation and conduct of the company. The petition was never advertised, and the petitioners challenged the order on grounds of lack …

The respondent, Bheemesh, sought a compassionate appointment after his sister, an unmarried government teacher, died in harness on 8 December 2010, claiming his family depended on her income. At the time of her death, the Karnataka Civil Services (Appointment on Compassionate Grounds) Rules, 1996 did not recognise an u…

Anita Rani filed two civil suits against her relatives Ashok Kumar and others to recover money. In the first suit, the respondents had taken a Rs 10.5 million loan, repaid Rs 5 million and claimed the repayment was a full and final settlement, but no written receipt or memorandum of compromise was produced. In the seco…

The Uttar Pradesh Avas Evam Vikas Parishad (appellant) sought to cancel a notification dated 15 September 2005 that rescinded an earlier notification of 7 April 2003 which had released land from acquisition under Section 48(1) of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894. The land owners (respondents) had obtained the 2003 notifi…

M/S Star Paper Mills Ltd., a paper manufacturer, sued M/S Beharilal Madanlal Jaipuria Ltd. and others, a wholesale dealer, for non-payment of paper supplied on credit. The respondents contended that the invoices and related documents were fabricated, signed under duress, and that the transactions were fictitious to eva…

The respondent-plaintiff filed a suit seeking a declaration of ownership of agricultural land and an interim injunction against the petitioner. The trial court dismissed the interim injunction, but the High Court reversed that order, granting the injunction based on a certificate issued under Section 38‑E of the Andhra…

The appellant authority allotted a residential plot in Sector 30, Noida to the respondent in 1981, while the respondent's wife had already been allotted a plot in Sector 15A. Both the wife and the respondent later filed affidavits falsely declaring that neither they nor their dependents owned any plot in Noida, Delhi o…

ECGC Limited, having obtained a construction contract with the Government of Basra, Iraq, paid a premium and later faced suspension of payments and withdrawal of the contract. It filed a complaint under Section 21(a)(i) of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 before the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission, whi…

The appellant, Manoj @ Monu @ Vishal Chaudhary, was initially declared a juvenile in conflict with law but the High Court set aside that finding and ordered him to stand trial as an adult. He sought to prove his juvenility on the basis of a birth certificate, a school leaving certificate, an ossification test report, a…

Hari Ram died in a motor accident on 22 November 2010 while riding a three‑wheeler driven by Ram Kishan and insured by IFFCO Tokio. His wife, son and mother claimed compensation under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988. The Motor Accident Claims Tribunal awarded Rs 4,33,000 using a multiplier of 9, based on an alleged age of…

Abdul Khuddus, a statutory tenant under the Karnataka Rent Control Act, was evicted when the Bangalore City Corporation demolished the dilapidated building under Section 322 of the Karnataka Municipal Corporations Act. The tenant filed suits for injunction, possession and damages, which the High Court allowed, holding …

The Council of Architecture (COA) issued two communications in 2018 relating to the Minimum Standards of Architectural Education, which the Academic Society of Architects (TASA) challenged on the ground that they were regulations requiring prior Central Government approval under section 45(1) of the Architects Act, 197…

In February 2022 the Karnataka government issued a G.O. mandating that all students in government and private schools wear the uniform prescribed by the College Development Committee or Board of Management, effectively prohibiting the wearing of hijab. Two pre‑university students who were denied entry for refusing to r…

The case concerned a lease of 540 acres of land granted by the Sri Udasin Mutt, a charitable religious institution, to Gulf Oil Corporation Ltd. The State of Telangana sought eviction on the ground that the land is agricultural and, under Section 82 of the Telangana Charitable and Hindu Religious Institutions and Endow…

The plaintiff, the heir of Bhimrao Ramchandra Khalate, had executed a document titled “conditional sale deed” on 22‑Feb‑1969, borrowing Rs.3,000 from defendant No.1 and agreeing that the land would be reconveyed upon repayment within a year. Defendant No.1 refused to reconvey and later transferred the land to his broth…

The appellants, employees of Coal India Ltd., received gratuity under a 2008 Government office memorandum that raised the ceiling to Rs 10 lakhs effective from 1 January 2007. They challenged the tax deducted at source, arguing that the Payment of Gratuity (Amendment) Act, 2010, which officially raised the ceiling to R…

The appellant, the Principal Director of Income Tax (Investigation), sought to validate a search and seizure warrant issued under Section 132 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 against Laljibhai Kanjibhai Mandalia, who had transferred Rs 10 crore as a loan to a newly formed company and later repaid it with interest. The High …

Swami Samarth Sugars and Agro Industries Ltd. (appellant) obtained an Industrial Entrepreneur Memorandum (IEM) in 2010 to set up a new sugar factory, which was challenged in multiple writ petitions on the grounds of aerial distance and environmental compliance. The High Court dismissed the petitions but held that the a…

The appellants were charged under Sections 379, 427, 447, 504, 506 read with Section 149 of the Indian Penal Code for allegedly trespassing onto land claimed by the complainant, cutting and stealing wheat, and assaulting him and his family. The trial court, after examining the testimonies of the complainant and his rel…

The appellant, a tenant, sought possession of a shop owned by the respondent. A civil suit for possession was filed in 2013, before the Rajasthan Rent Control Act, 2001 (the Act) applied to the area. During the suit, the State Government notified that the Act would become effective on 11 May 2015, and the civil court p…

A fire broke out on 10 April 2006 at the India Brand Consumer Show in Meerut, killing 65 people and injuring 161. The victims filed a writ petition under Article 32 seeking compensation from the event organizers (Mrinal Events and Expositions) and the State of Uttar Pradesh, alleging negligence and violation of the rig…

M/S. M.S.P.L. Limited and its wholly‑owned subsidiary sought to set up an iron‑ore palletisation plant and an integrated steel plant in Karnataka. The Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board, under the Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Act, 1966, acquired 1,034 acres of land after obtaining approvals from the…

The Union of India appealed against a High Court award that compensated the entire land owned by Sagar Maize Products Ltd. at Rs.19 per square foot for land acquired for a railway line, while the company sought enhancement to Rs.40 per square foot. The Supreme Court examined the methodology used by the Reference Court …

The appeal concerned a suit for partition of two villages' lands claimed to be ancestral property of a Hindu Undivided Family descended from Balaji. The plaintiff, Geetabai (deceased), alleged that the lands at Pirangut and Lavale were purchased by the HUF, while the defendants contended that the land at Nande was boug…

The Union of India appealed against orders of the Central Administrative Tribunal and the High Courts that had directed a separate zone of consideration for promotion of Scheduled Tribe candidates to the post of Superintendent in the Customs and Central Excise Commissionerate. The applicants argued that a special drive…

The project proponent obtained Consent to Establish and Consent to Operate for a cold‑rolled stainless steel unit in Gujarat, but the National Green Tribunal (NGT) was approached alleging violation of the 2006 Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification which required prior environmental clearance (EC) for such se…

The deceased was killed in a motor accident when a car collided with his motorcycle; his wife filed a claim under Section 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 and the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal awarded Rs.8,90,000. The insurer appealed, and the High Court set aside the award, doubting the claimant's statements and t…

Parubai, the second wife of Gulab, was convicted under Sections 302 and 436 of the IPC for allegedly setting fire to the house that killed her husband's first wife Mandabai and two children. The prosecution's case relied on the fact that Parubai emerged uninjured, kerosene residues on a child's frock, and a motive infe…

The appeal concerned a non‑residential premises let to a partnership between Pradeep Kumar (successor‑in‑interest of the original tenant) and Subhash Chand, approved by the District Magistrate in 1982. Both partners later died (Pradeep Kumar on 21‑May‑2004 and Subhash Chand on 25‑Jun‑2014) and the partnership deed cont…

Ratul Mahanta filed a title suit seeking a declaration that a common public drain forming the western boundary of his and adjoining properties could be used by him and that the respondent could not obstruct it, also seeking a permanent injunction. The respondent contended that the Guwahati Municipal Corporation Act, 19…

The Supreme Court examined whether Non‑Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) regulated under Chapter III‑B of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 are also subject to the Kerala Money Lenders Act, 1958 and the Gujarat Money Lenders Act, 2011. The NBFCs argued that the RBI Act, especially after its 1997 amendment, constitu…

Vibha Bakshi Gokhale and another filed a consumer complaint in 2016 before the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC) alleging deficiency of service in a residential flat they had booked. The NCDRC gave them a final opportunity on 16 November 2018 to file a rejoinder and evidence within four weeks, fai…

The State of Rajasthan issued a notification on 12 August 2014 converting Gram Panchayat Roopbas into a Municipal Board under the Rajasthan Municipalities Act, 2009. The Rajasthan High Court set aside the notification, holding that it was ultra vires because no separate public notification under Article 243Q(2) of the …

The appellant, Hari Shankar Aggarwal, was named as a nominee in a complaint under Sections 7 and 16 of the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954, based on information from the Commercial Tax Department, while the Local Health Officer had identified Devendra Singh Bhadauria as the director of the firm. Aggarwal cont…

The legal heirs of V. Rajasekaran appealed against a compensation award of Rs.15,12,628 for his death in a motor vehicle accident. The Motor Accident Claim Tribunal had applied a split multiplier—3 up to the superannuation age and 8 thereafter—based on the deceased’s remaining years of service. The High Court affirmed …

The case concerned the revocation of letters of administration granted to a brother of the deceased under a registered will dated 23‑08‑1991. Another brother filed an application for revocation, alleging that all legal heirs had not been impleaded in the proceedings. The Madurai Bench of the High Court held that a "jus…

The appellant, a former Radio Mechanic of the Indian Army enrolled in 1971, was discharged in 1981 under Army Rule 13(3) due to a low medical category. He claimed a war injury pension, which the Armed Forces Tribunal rejected, holding that his disability was not attributable to participation in active operations. Subse…

The appellant, an agriculturist, applied for an electricity connection for his bore‑well in December 1996 and paid the requisite fees. He submitted the mandatory test report only in March 2005, after which the respondent raised a consumption bill but failed to provide the connection. The appellant filed a consumer comp…

The first respondent, a widow, filed a petition under Section 12 of the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 seeking interim maintenance for herself and her minor child after being denied residence in the ancestral joint family house where she had lived with her husband. The trial court directed the app…

LAC Yogesh Pathania was tried by a District Court Martial (DCM) for insubordinate language, use of criminal force and conduct prejudicial to good order under the Air Force Act, 1950, and was sentenced to rigorous imprisonment and dismissal. The Armed Forces Tribunal (AFT) upheld the DCM's findings and dismissed his app…

The Supreme Court considered three miscellaneous applications filed by occupants of government accommodation in Delhi/NCR who are retired central government employees classified as Kashmiri migrants. The applications sought recall or modification of the Court’s earlier order that had struck down an Office Memorandum al…

The respondents, allottees of leasehold plots in Chandigarh, sought conversion of their sites to freehold by paying the conversion fee fixed under the 1996 Rules. The District Consumer Forum, State and National Consumer Commissions ordered the Estate Officer to convert the plots, treating the fee as a service charge an…

The Supreme Court examined the constitutional validity of Haryana Act No. 9 of 1992 (the Amending Act) which amended the Punjab Village Common Lands (Regulation) Act, 1961. The issues centered on whether the amendment amounted to an acquisition of land without compensation, whether it fell within the protection of Arti…

The case concerned employees of Fertiliser Corporation of India Ltd. who, after a series of writ petitions for pay‑scale revision, were granted ad‑hoc monthly payments by the Supreme Court in 2000 pending final resolution. After the companies were closed and the employees exited under a voluntary separation scheme, the…

The State of Andhra Pradesh (now Telangana) challenged an errata notification issued by the A.P. State Wakf Board that added 1,654 acres and 32 guntas of land to the list of Wakf properties, claiming the Board had not complied with the procedural requirements of the Wakf Act, 1995. The High Court had dismissed the Stat…

The complainant, Dolphin International Ltd., engaged SGS India Ltd. to inspect and certify groundnut consignments for export to Greece and the Netherlands. Disputes arose over the size/count of Java peanuts and aflatoxin levels at the destination ports, leading the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission to fin…

The Supreme Court examined whether a temple priest (Pujari) could be deemed a Bhumiswami under the Madhya Bharat Land Revenue and Tenancy Act, 2007 and the Madhya Pradesh Land Revenue Code, and whether the State could, by executive circulars, delete the priest's name from revenue records and insert the Collector as man…

The Union of India and others entered into a road‑construction contract with M/s Puna Hinda, which contained an arbitration clause for dispute resolution. After completing the work, the contractor submitted a final bill of Rs 23.68 crore, claiming payment for certain bills that the government alleged were already settl…

The appellant and respondent, brothers and heirs of the deceased, were involved in a suit for possession of land based on a will. During the suit, the parties reached a compromise that allocated additional land not originally in dispute, resulting in a compromise decree. The issue before the Supreme Court was whether s…

The Delhi Development Authority (DDA) appealed against a Delhi High Court order that declared the land acquisition proceedings concerning 28 Bigha 8 Biswa of village Sahoorpur to have lapsed under Section 24(2) of the 2013 Act, directing the purchaser, Godfrey Phillips (I) Ltd., to pay Rs 16,61,774. The purchaser argue…

The Municipal Corporation of Lucknow operated an old‑age home where two senior citizens were admitted as inmates on payment of fees and subject to a set of rules. The home’s management terminated their membership under Rule 21 after alleging disruptive behaviour, and the inmates sought an injunction to prevent their di…

The Delhi Administration sought to acquire land under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894, issuing notices under ss. 4 and 6 and awarding the acquisition in 1987. The original owner’s writ petition was dismissed, and the land was later purchased by the respondent on 25‑Nov‑2011, after the award. The administration deposited…

The appellants filed a suit for declaration of ownership of property against the respondent. The respondent sought to frame several preliminary issues, including whether the suit was barred by res judicata, under Order XIV Rule 2(2) of the CPC. The trial court dismissed the application, but the High Court, on revision,…

The State of Maharashtra appointed Shaikh Mahemud as a member of the Maharashtra State Board of Waqfs by a notification on 13 September 2019. The appointment was later cancelled by a notification dated 4 March 2022, prompting Shaikh to file a writ petition. The High Court set aside the cancellation, holding that Sectio…

The decree-holder obtained a money decree against the judgment‑debtor, leading to execution proceedings for the sale of 17 decimals of land. After a series of auctions, sale proclamations, issuance of a sale certificate and delivery of possession, the judgment‑debtor repeatedly challenged the execution, ultimately fili…

The Supreme Court examined whether 162 acres of land in Kasmandi Khurd, Uttar Pradesh, vested in the State under the U.P. Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act, 1950 and was subsequently declared a reserved forest under the Indian Forest Act, 1927. It held that the Gaon Sabha had no authority to grant a lease to the…

M/S Prem Cottex, a cotton yarn manufacturer, was issued a short assessment notice by Uttarakhand Bijli Vitran Nigam Ltd. alleging that the multiply factor (MF) used in its electricity bills was incorrectly applied, resulting in short billing of about Rs.1.35 crore. The appellant filed a consumer complaint under the Con…

The case concerned a retired Intelligence Bureau officer, Onkar Nath Dhar, who continued to occupy a government‑allotted residence after superannuation. The Delhi and Punjab & Haryana High Courts, relying on the J.L. Koul decision, allowed him to retain the accommodation on compassionate grounds, treating it as a right…

The deceased was killed in a motor accident on 21 June 2012. The Motor Accident Claims Tribunal initially awarded compensation based on a monthly income of Rs 9,000, which the Madras High Court enhanced to Rs 33,07,000 by assuming a monthly income of Rs 15,000. The Supreme Court examined the salary certificate for May …

The petitioners challenged the compensation of Rs.4 lakhs per acre awarded for land acquired in Village Sohana under a notification dated 26‑10‑1990, arguing that later compensation amounts (Rs.5.96 lakhs and Rs.8 lakhs per acre) awarded under subsequent notifications should be used to adjust the market value. The Supr…

The Kerala government banned arrack in 1996, leaving 12,500 abkari workers unemployed. In 2002 it issued a Government Order reserving 25% of future daily‑wage vacancies in Kerala State Beverages Corporation for these displaced workers, but later altered the policy in 2004 to earmark those vacancies for the dependent so…

The appellant, Asset Reconstruction Company (India) Ltd., challenged the registration of a sale deed executed by S.P. Velayutham in favour of his son, arguing that the Sub‑Registrar had failed to verify that the power of attorney (PoA) presented did not authorize a sale. The High Court’s Division Bench set aside the Si…

The appellant's grandfather was allotted a house by the Andhra Pradesh Housing Board in 1968 on a rental basis. After the grandfather's death, the appellant's father obtained a transfer of the allotment in 1970, albeit with a minor discrepancy in the spelling of the grandfather's name. The father later entered into a l…

Walchandnagar Industries Ltd. owned a township served by a private trolley line. When the Ujjani Dam project submerged part of the line, the company claimed compensation for the loss of rails and sleepers, rolling stock and the increased cost of road transport, invoking the "severance" and "injurious affection" provisi…

Head Constable Om Prakash was prematurely retired after completing 30 years of service under Rule 56(j) of the Fundamental Rules read with Rule 48(1)(b) of the Central Civil Services (Pension) Rules, 1972. The Delhi High Court set aside the retirement order, holding that penalties and adverse remarks prior to his promo…

The Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board (TWAD Board) was granted permission to divert 0.055 hectares of forest land for a drinking‑water intake. It later used the water for industrial purposes, prompting a petition before the National Green Tribunal (NGT) which ordered that the water be used only for drinking pu…

Madhav Hari Joshi paid Rs 1,75,000 as premium for LIC's Jeevan Aastha Plan but the insurer neither issued the policy nor refunded the amount for nearly five years. Joshi filed a consumer complaint seeking a refund with interest and compensation of Rs 5,00,000. The District Forum ordered a refund and Rs 4,25,000 compens…

The Kerala government auctioned 246.26 acres of forest land in 1953 and later executed a lease deed in 1979 in favour of K.K. Joseph, who represented the partnership firm M/s Joseph & Company. The lease prohibited sub‑letting or assignment without the lessor’s written consent (clause 14). In 1983 the lessee sold 50 acr…

The State of Haryana challenged a High Court order directing the State to draft a fresh remission policy under Article 161 and to apply the 2008 policy for premature release of Raj Kumar, who had served 12 years and 25 days of a life sentence. The Supreme Court examined the interplay between the constitutional power of…

The Telangana State Wakf Board and the Mutawalli filed a suit before the Andhra Pradesh State Wakf Tribunal seeking eviction of a tenant, Mohamed Muzafar, from premises they claimed were Wakf property. The tenant contested that the land was not Wakf property, arguing that the gazette notification showing an increased e…

An FIR was lodged alleging that the appellant and another accused had kidnapped a 17½‑year‑old girl for the purpose of marriage. The complainant later limited her allegations to the other accused, Vikram Roop Rai, and the prosecutrix testified that she had voluntarily married Vikram with family consent and bore two chi…

The appellant, a student who could not pursue a medical degree abroad due to the pandemic, challenged the National Medical Commission's (NMC) 2021 Licentiate Regulations and Compulsory Rotating Medical Internship (CRMI) Regulations, alleging they were ultra vires and violated Articles 14, 19(1)(g) and 21 of the Constit…

The case concerned the murder of Ratti Ram, for which Satish Kumar and Rajeev Kumar were convicted under IPC s.302 r/w s.34 and under Sections 25 and 27 of the Arms Act. The trial court acquitted the accused, holding that the prosecution failed to prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt, particularly because the dead body …

The State of Uttar Pradesh issued a Government Order (G.O.) on 7 May 1999 identifying certain posts for reservation for persons with disabilities, reserving some posts for hearing‑impaired candidates but not for those with locomotor disability. In a recruitment for 1,651 Safai‑Karmis posts, three percent of vacancies w…

The appeal concerned eviction proceedings against occupants of several plots in Dhanbad, which the government claimed were part of a coal mine vested in the Central Government under the Coal Mines (Nationalisation) Act, 1973. The respondents argued that the land was private property and not used as a colliery, thus out…

Mrs. Umadevi Nambiar executed a general Power of Attorney (PoA) in favour of her sister in 1971, which was later cancelled, but the sister had used the PoA to execute four documents transferring the appellant's share of a family property to third parties. Those third parties subsequently sold the property to the respon…

Dr. D.J. De Souza purchased a TurboChem 100 analyzer from CPC Diagnostics, paying 50% of the price. The contract required the buyer to provide an efficiently air‑conditioned room, a 1 KVA online UPS, and broadband for remote diagnostics before installation. The service engineer rejected the buyer’s existing UPS and ins…