Central Civil Services (Classification, Control and Appeal) Rules, 1965

The Supreme Court examined whether the Presidential Orders under Articles 341 and 342, which list Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) for each State or Union Territory (UT), limit a State or UT's power under Article 16(4) to provide reservation for backward classes. It held that reservation must be confined…

K. Suri Babu, a helper (workman) employed by Nuclear Fuel Complex, Hyderabad, was alleged to have submitted a forged Class VI certificate and disciplinary action was initiated under the Central Civil Services (Classification, Control and Appeal) Rules, 1965 (CCA Rules). The respondent contended that, as a workman, disc…

Ranjit Kumar Majumdar, a civilian employee holding a civil post in the defence services, was suspended under Rule 10(1) of the Central Civil Services (Classification Control and Appeal) Rules, 1965 while a criminal prosecution was pending. He challenged the suspension before the Central Administrative Tribunal, arguing…

The Administrator (Union Territory of Dadar & Nagar Haveli) removed Gulabhia M. Lad, a Land Reforms Officer, from service for illegally granting occupancy rights, while two subordinate officers involved in the same incident received lesser penalties after departmental appeals. Lad challenged the removal before the Cent…

The respondent, a civil servant of Jharkhand, was dismissed after disciplinary proceedings for alleged misconduct, including financial irregularities and forgery. The draft charge‑sheet and a proposal to suspend him were placed before the Chief Minister, who approved the proposal on 21 March 2014, after which the charg…

The appellant, a former steward of AIIMS, was suspended in 1991 following a FIR for alleged embezzlement and later convicted in 1993 for theft, leading to his removal from service by a memorandum dated 6 January 2000 under Rule 19(i) of the CCS (CCA) Rules, 1965. After a settlement that resulted in the quashing of the …

The respondent, an Income Tax Officer, was charged under Rule 14 of the Central Civil Services (Classification, Control and Appeal) Rules, 1965 for completing nine tax assessments in an irregular, hasty manner allegedly to confer undue favour, thereby violating Rules 3(1)(i)-(iii) of the Central Civil Services (Conduct…

Ms. Nisha Priya Bhatia, a Director in the Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), complained of sexual harassment against senior officers, after which her identity was publicly disclosed and she attempted suicide. The government declared her "exposed" and "unemployable" and ordered her compulsory retirement under Rule 135 o…

Sub‑Post Master A. Sudhakar was charged with misappropriating Rs 5,000 received for a Kisan Vikas Patra. A departmental enquiry found him guilty of the first charge and part of a third charge and the Director of Postal Services, who was also his appointing authority, imposed compulsory retirement. Sudhakar appealed to …

The Supreme Court examined two appeals by government servants, Nyadar Singh and M.J. Ninama, who had been punished with "reduction in rank" under Rule 11(vi) of the Central Civil Services (Classification, Control and Appeal) Rules, 1965, to posts lower than those to which they were directly recruited. The appellants co…

The respondent, a Constable (GD) in the CRPF, filled a verification roll in November 2011 denying any pending criminal cases, despite having been arrested, bailed, and having two FIRs registered against him earlier that year. The employer discovered the omission, issued a show‑cause notice, and after a departmental inq…

K.S. Mahalingam, a customs examiner, was charged with misconduct and dismissed after an inquiry. He appealed, and the Madras High Court Single Judge quashed the dismissal, holding that no second show‑cause notice was given before the penalty and that the inquiry report was not supplied. The Division Bench agreed and or…

R.P. Singh, an Assistant Engineer in CPWD, faced departmental proceedings for alleged misconduct. The Inquiry Officer found the charges unproved, but the Disciplinary Authority disagreed, sought advice from the UPSC, received a recommendation to reduce his pay, and imposed the penalty, communicating the UPSC advice onl…

The appellant, a teacher in the Kendriya Vidyalaya system, was dismissed after a departmental inquiry found that she had benefitted from a fake transfer order dated 01.10.1991. She challenged the dismissal on grounds that the chargesheet was vague, the principles of natural justice were breached by non‑supply of the pr…

P. Gunasekaran, a Deputy Office Superintendent in Central Excise, was dismissed after a departmental inquiry found him guilty of falsifying attendance records and impersonating an executive officer. Although he was later acquitted of related criminal charges, the Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) upheld the dismiss…

Mahesh Dahiya, a senior engineer of H.P. State Electricity Board, was charged with willful absence from duty and disobedience of orders to appear before a medical board. A disciplinary inquiry was conducted under the CCS (CCA) Rules, 1965, and the inquiry officer’s report dated 29‑12‑2007 found the charges proved. Howe…

The respondent, a government servant, was arrested and detained for more than 48 hours, leading to a deemed suspension under Rule 10(2) of the Central Civil Services (Classification, Control and Appeal) Rules, 1965. The authorities later issued an order continuing his suspension, which the respondent challenged before …

The appellant, an Assistant Commandant in the CRPF, was subjected to multiple disciplinary enquiries after a complaint alleged that he made threatening statements and exhibited misconduct. He was later diagnosed with a permanent mental disability (40‑70%) and classified as unfit for duty. The appellant challenged the d…

Sunny Abraham, an Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax, was subjected to disciplinary proceedings under Rule 14 of the Central Civil Services (Classification, Control and Appeal) Rules, 1965. A charge memorandum was issued on 18 Nov 2002 without the Finance Minister’s (the Disciplinary Authority’s) approval, which was …

The appellant, a clerk, was suspended in 1990 following a complaint and a departmental inquiry that lasted over nine years, culminating in a compulsory retirement order and denial of pension benefits for the suspension period. He challenged the disciplinary process, arguing violation of natural justice, the disproporti…

The appellant, a Junior Clerk, was charged under Rule 14 of the Central Civil Services (Classification, Control and Appeal) Rules, 1965 and faced a departmental inquiry that initially proceeded ex‑parte. After the appellant objected, the inquiry was recalled and conducted de novo with his full participation, leading to…

The appellant, a supervisor in the Border Roads Organisation, was terminated during probation and later faced disciplinary action for desertion, resulting in removal from service under the Central Civil Services Rules. He appealed the removal to the Director-General, who dismissed the appeal without addressing the proc…

The respondent, a lecturer in the College of Military Engineering, was compulsorily retired following a departmental inquiry and challenged the order on the ground that he was not supplied with a copy of the inquiry report. The Central Administrative Tribunal set aside the retirement order and directed the department t…

The appellants, employees of the Research and Analysis Wing, were dismissed under clause (b) of the second proviso to Article 311(2) of the Constitution and Rule 19 of the Central Civil Services (Classification, Control and Appeal) Rules, 1965, without a charge‑sheet or inquiry, after a violent pen‑down strike and inti…

Aureliano Fernandes, a lecturer at Goa University, was accused of sexual harassment by several female students and was served notice to explain. A Complaints Committee conducted an inquiry in May 2009, but the appellant, citing health issues, was denied extensions and the proceedings were held ex‑parte, resulting in a …

Dr. Sumitra Dash, an employee of the Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), was granted a two‑year ex‑India leave on the condition that she would not seek an extension. She failed to rejoin after the leave expired, was deemed to have permanently vacated her post, and faced disciplinary acti…

The respondents, Tool Room Assistants in the Integrated Fisheries Project, were placed in the pay scale Rs 800‑1150 (maximum Rs 1150) and argued that their post, classified as "skilled" under the Central Government's notification, fell in Group C and thus entitled them to the higher Group C pay scale of Rs 1150‑2900. T…

P.V. Srinivasa Sastry, M. Mahadeva Setty and P. Gangireddy, who were serving as Auditors, were subjected to departmental proceedings for alleged misconduct and were ordered to be reduced in rank to Lower Division Clerks. The appellants challenged the orders on two grounds: (1) the proceedings were initiated by the Seni…

Constable Ram Karan of the CRPF assaulted a doctor and falsely accused him of sexual harassment. A departmental inquiry under Rule 27 of the CRPF Rules found the charges proved and imposed removal from service, which was affirmed by the appellate and revisional authorities. The Delhi High Court substituted the removal …

The case involved an IAS officer (the aggrieved woman) who alleged that an IRS officer (the appellant) sexually harassed her at Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi. She filed a complaint under the POSH Act before the Internal Complaints Committee (ICC) of her own department, the Department of Food and Public Distribution. The app…

Mohd. Swaleh, a Deputy Registrar of the Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT), was ordered by the Vice‑Chairman to perform the functions of the Registrar, a Group A post, under Rule 28(3) of the CAT Procedure Rules and was also given certain financial powers under Rule 13 of the Delegation of Financial Power Rules. He …

Madhusudhan Rao, a forester, was disciplined for alleged embezzlement of government funds. The Divisional Forest Officer imposed stoppage of increments and other penalties, which Rao appealed. The Conservator of Forests enhanced the punishment to dismissal without giving any reasons, and the Chief Conservator later red…

The case concerns Dilip Paul, a former Area Organizer of the Service Selection Board, who was penalised with a 50% pension withholding after a Central Complaints Committee (CCC) found him guilty of sexual harassment based on a first complaint and a later second complaint filed by a female employee. The appellant (Union…

Dr. A.K. Ghosh, a senior officer of the Cholera Research Centre, fraudulently claimed House Rent Allowance (HRA) for ten years by presenting municipal certificates that overstated the rental value of his own house, which in reality was below 10% of his salary. An internal audit uncovered the fraud, leading to a departm…

The petitioners, members of the General Reserve Engineering Force (GREF), were convicted by Court‑Martial under section 63 of the Army Act, 1950 for participating in a protest and were dismissed from service. They challenged the constitutional validity of applying section 21 of the Army Act and rules 19‑21 of the Army …

P. Balasubrahmanayam, a Group‑B gazetted officer in the Department of Posts, was charged with nine offences, including bribery and procedural lapses. He challenged the charge memo on the ground that, because the allegations involved a vigilance angle, prior approval from the Central Vigilance Officer (CVO) as required …

The Government of the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi ordered the repatriation of several Joint Account Officers and Assistant Account Officers who were on deputation from the Ministry of Urban Development and posted in the Delhi PWD. The officers, represented by the All India Central Civil Accounts Associati…

O.P. Gupta, an Assistant Engineer in the Central Public Works Department, was suspended in 1959 pending a departmental enquiry that lingered for over a decade. He was reinstated in 1970 but the enquiry continued, leading to his compulsory retirement in 1972. The Delhi High Court quashed the retirement, held the suspens…

Nelson Motis, a government servant, was removed from service on 4 February 1984 after an inquiry found several charges proved. He challenged the removal before the Central Administrative Tribunal, which set aside the penalty on procedural grounds and noted his acquittal in a related criminal case. The Tribunal ordered …

The appellant, a cash clerk, was suspended pending a criminal investigation and later terminated under Rule 5(1) of the Central Civil Services (Temporary Service) Rules, 1965. After being acquitted, he challenged the termination before the Central Administrative Tribunal, which set aside the termination and ordered tha…

Vikrambhai Chaudhari, a Postal Assistant, was suspended for refusing to accept money order forms and later censured under the Central Civil Services (Classification, Control and Appeal) Rules, 1965. The Chief Postmaster General invoked Rule 29(1)(vi) and issued a notification on 29 May 2001 directing further disciplina…